Barrier Designs for Zoos - ZooLex Zoo Design Organization

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BARRIER DESIGNS FOR ZOOS The following dimensions of moats have been adopted in different zoos: Analysis of Barrier Dimensions ASIAN ELEPHANT Width (M) Depth(M)/Height(H) Moat type Indian Zoos: Nehru Zoological Park, Hyderabad 2.38 1.97 Dry Indira Gandhi Zoo, Vishakhapatnam 3.0 1.7 Dry Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Vandalur 4.65 2.0 Dry National Zoological Park, Delhi 2.74 2.14 Dry Lucknow Zoological Park, Lucknow 3.0 3.5 Dry box moat Foreign Zoos : Whipsnade Wild Animal Park, UK 3.5 1.25 – Frankfurt Zoo, Germany 4.5 1.1 Dry 3.5.5 Barrier recommendations & comments The recommended front barrier design for Gaur, Wild Boar, Rhinoceros, and Asian Elephant is a V-shaped (flat bottomed) dry moat to prevent the animals from falling in and hurting themselves. V-shaped moats are also more natural looking than U-shaped moats and cheaper to build and are therefore are desirable. The disadvantage of a V-shaped moat is that the animal can enter the moat making it less visible to visitors. This can be dealt with by providing enough enrichment within the habitat itself and by keeping the moat bottom free of grasses. The moat should have steps/ ramp for emergency with suitable door at far end of the moat as elephant, gaur, and rhinos in particular are not agile enough to walk back up the sloped sides, if they get inside the moat. Since these are all heavy grazing animals that tend to destroy a natural moat edge, the sloped moat edge should be constructed out of exposed random rubble stone masonry in which holes can be left for natural scrub vegetation to grow. This is more natural looking than concrete or plastered brick and therefore desirable. The recommended rear barrier design for the Gaur, Wild Boar, Rhinoceros, and Asian Elephant is a V-shaped (flat bottomed) dry moat if space and a view is available behind the exhibit. If space is not available behind the exhibit then the recommended rear barrier design is a low wall that can be disguised as a clay river bank. If the ground behind the wall is higher than the exhibit then this clay-bank acts as a retaining wall. Vegetation can be grown on the earth just behind it. A rail barrier or thick pipe can keep the elephants confined. An alternative rear barrier for gaur is a wide cattle grid beyond which a chain-link fence hidden in vegetation can be used to keep intruders out of the exhibit. This construction can turn out to be cheaper than either moats or walls while being just as effective. 50
3.5.6 Schematic Barrier Diagrams 51 CENTRAL ZOO AUTHORITY
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ArriEr dEsigns FOr ZOOs Central Zoo
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Page 33 and 34: 3.2 Terrestrial species - jumping 3
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