PANUKL Help - ITLiMS

The source strength (constant for panel), can be defined (using definitions (10) , (11) and
boundary condition of the closed body i/n=0) as follows:
n
V
(16)
It will result in a set of equation with the doublet strength as the unknown. To determine the doublet
strength on the vortex wake, the Kutta-Joukowsky condition is used:
TE = W = const (17)
The doublet strength on the wake is equal to difference between doublet strength on the upper and
lower surface close to the trailing edge. Using (17), the doublet strength on the wake can be obtained
from formula:
W = U - L (18)
Fig. 3 – Relation between doublet strength on trailing edge and wake
The formula (18) completes the set of equations (14). Only integrals (15) have to be determined.
Effective method of determination of these integrals is shown in [6] and [7].
The solution of set (14) gives the potential distribution on the body surface. To obtain the
pressure distribution, necessary to obtain the global aerodynamic coefficients, the velocity distribution
must be found. It can be made by differentiation of the potential with respect to defined tangential
coordinates. Next using Bernoulli’s theorem the pressure can be computed. The numerical
differentiation in general case is not easy and can be the source of errors, especially in places, where the
grid is not regular.
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