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Genetic Diversity of Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Estimated by SSR Markers Galil Tzuri, Vitaly Portnoy, Netta Daube-Mozes and Nurit Katzir Agricultural Research Organization, Department of Genetics and Vegetable Crops, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, P. O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30-095, Israel, e-mail: katzirn@volcani.agri.gov.il Introduction: SSRs are excellent markers, being PCR markers, co-dominant and highly polymorphic. In addition, SSR markers are known to be most useful anchor markers for map merging, and their usefulness in melon has been demonstrated (1, 2, 4, 5). Here we report the polymorphism detected by a set of 48 SSRs in a collection of 102 melon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes. The information presented is valuable for the selection of SSRs for future applications. Material and Methods: Plant material.: A collection of melon genotypes was obtained from the following seed companies (7-10 genotypes from each company): Rijk Zwaan, The Netherlands; De Ruiter Seeds, The Netherlands; Semillas Fito, Spain; Syngenta Seeds, France; Sakata Seed Corporation, Japan; Enza Zaden, The Netherlands; Hazera, Israel; Seminis Inc, USA; Nunhems Zaden, The Netherlands and Zeraim Gedera, Israel. DNA was extracted from a bulk of roots of 8-10 plants for each genotype, using the mini-procedure described by Fulton et al. (3). In addition, four parental lines of mapping populations from the Newe Ya'ar collection were included: PI414723; 'Dulce'; 'Vedrantais'; PI161375 (2, 5). Altogether, 102 genotypes belonging to different market types (e.g. Cantaloup, Charentais, Honey Dew, Ananas, Galia, Inodorus, and Oriental Melon) were scored. SSR markers. Forty-eight SSR markers developed in our laboratory were chosen for this study. All of these markers were previously found to be polymorphic between the parental lines of at least one of the mapping populations mentioned above. Twenty-eight of the markers have already been published (1, 2, 4). PCR amplification and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were performed as described by Danin-Poleg et al. (1). Gene diversity. Allele frequencies, allele number and gene diversity were calculated. Gene diversity was calculated as: Gene Diversity = 1 – Σ P 2 ij , where Pij is the frequency of the jth allele for ith SSR locus summed across all alleles for the locus, as described by Danin-Poleg et al. (1). Results and Discussion: All 48 SSR markers amplified clear DNA fragments in all 102 genotypes (for illustration see Fig. 1). A total of 212 alleles were scored (Table 1). The highest number of alleles was detected using the marker CMATN89 (13 alleles) and the lowest number was found to be 2 alleles detected by each of 6 SSRs (CMAGN55, CMTAAN87, CMCAN90, CMGAN92, CMTGGN99, CMGA15). The selected SSR markers generated an average of 4.3 alleles per locus, and gene diversity varied between 0.04 and 0.82 (Table 1). The high level of polymorphism detected indicates that these SSR markers provide a useful tool for estimating genetic variation in melon. Acknowledgements: Contribution no. 109/2007 of the Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel. 14 Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report 28-29: 14-16 (2005-2006)
Literature Cited: 1. Danin-Poleg, Y., N. Reis, G. Tzuri, and N Katzir. 2001. Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in Cucumis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 102:61-72. 2. Danin-Poleg, Y., Y. Tadmor, G. Tzuri, N. Reis, J. Hirschberg, and N. Katzir. 2002. Construction of a genetic map of melon with molecular markers, horticultural traits and ZYMV resistance. Euphytica 125: 373-384. 3. Fulton, T.M., J., Chunwongse, and S.D., Tanksley. 1995. Microprep Protocol for Extraction of DNA from Tomato and other Herbaceous Plants. Plant. Mol. Biol. Rep. 13 (3): 207-209. 133 bp 4. Gonzalo, M. J., M. Oliver, J. Garcia- Mas, A. Monfort, R. Dolcet-Sanjuan , N. Katzir, P. Arús, and A. J. Monforte. 2005. Simple-sequence repeat markers used in merging linkage maps of melon (Cucumis melo L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 110: 802-811. 5. Périn, C., L. Hagen, V. De Conto, N. Katzir, Y. Danin-Poleg, V. Portnoy, S. Baudracco-Arnas, J. Chadoeuf, C. Dogimont, and M. Pitrat. 2002. A reference map of Cucumis melo based on two recombinant inbred line populations. Theor. Appl. Genet. 104: 1017-1034. V PI1 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 D PI4 Figure 1. A group of melon genotypes scored using the marker CMATN89 on polyacrylamide gel. V – 'Vedrantais', PI1 – PI161375, D – 'Dulce', PI4 – PI414723, 45-90 melon genotypes from the collection. The arrow indicates the size of the allele of 'Dulce'. Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report 28-29: 14-16 (2005-2006) 15
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Figure 2. Cultivar Allsweet, releas
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hermaphrodita, Momordica charantia,
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local farmers. One has dark green f
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amplified in C. moschata and C. max
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Inheritance of Yellow Seedling Leth
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Another Relationship between Stem a
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Diversity within Cucurbita maxima a
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Precocious Yellow Rind Color in Cuc
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Contrary to what has been reported
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Figure 1. Range of mature fruit col
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Results: A total of 176 PI accessio
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Table 1. Sample size (n) and mean (
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Figure 3. Fruit and seed of Cucumis
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Genetic Variability in Ascorbic Aci
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Table 1.Total carotenoid and ascorb
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PBOG 54, PBOG 61, PBOG 76, PBOG 117
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additive gene action in the inherit
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Components / proportions Internodal
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Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Repor
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Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Repor
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Gene List 2005 for Cucumber Todd C.
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that a single recessive gene mp was
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Jones, 1971a; Soans et al., 1973).
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CsP440s/E1, CsP221/H3, CsC625/E1, C
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ecombination values. Youngner (1952
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Zijlstra (1987) also determined tha
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co - green corolla. Green petals th
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observed. Fl - Fruit length. Expres
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m-2 h andromonoecious-2. Bisexual f
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susceptibility. Pm-h from 'Wis. SMR
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white (WfWf YfYf ): wf from 'NPI '
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library DNA fragment Jayabaskaran,
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AB026821 Seedling RNA Encoding IAA
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Cochran, F. D. 1938. Breeding cucum
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cDNA sequence and very early expres
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esistance and powdery mildew lysozy
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Pyzenkov, V. I. and G. A. Kosareva.
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Shiomi, S., M. Yamamoto, T. Ono, K.
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for bitterfree foliage in cucumber.
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Acp-1 APS-11, Ap-1 1 Acid phosphata
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Fom-2 Fom1.2 Fusarium oxysporum mel
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ud stage (in Bulgaria 7). ms-5 - ma
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Pm-7 - Powdery mildew resistance-7.
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Y - Yellow epicarp. Dominant to whi
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Cm-AO4 AF233594 Ascorbate oxidase A
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Cm-XTH2 DQ914795 Xyloglucan endotra
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to downy mildew in Cucumis melo PI
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58. Jagger, I.C., T.W. Whitaker and
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99. Périn, C., L.S. Hagen, V. de C
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140. Zink, F.W. 1986. Inheritance o
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Aboul-Nasr, M. Hossam. Dept. Hortic
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Interests: myrothecium stem canker
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& 724966; Interests: cucumber, melo
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Kuginuki, Yasuhisa. National Instit
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Email: lmerrick@iastate.edu; Ph: 51
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Randhawa, Lakhwinder. Sakata Seed A
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Thompson, Gary A. Univ. Arkansas LR
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Alabama Dane, F Arkansas Morelock,
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Peru Holle, M Philippines Beronilla
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ARTICLE IV. Election and Appointmen
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