national register nomination for boulevard park historic

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Criteria Considerations (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply) Property is: A owed by a religious institution or used for religious purposes. B removed from its original location. C a birthplace or grave. D a cemetery. E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. F a commemorative property. G less than 50 years old or achieving significance within the past 50 years. Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions) Historic Residential Suburbs Streetcar Suburbs “City Beautiful” landscape design Residential architecture Period of Significance 1905-1946 Significant Dates 1905 Significant Person (Complete only if Criterion B is marked above) Cultural Affiliation Architect/Builder Kimbrough, Howard, Wright, Charles E., agents White, Clinton L., developer Mullenney, William, civil engineer Period of Significance (justification) The period of significance is 1905-1946, the period from the creation of the subdivision to the end of streetcar service in the neighborhood. Criteria Consideratons (explanation, if necessary) None 56
Statement of Significance Summary Paragraph (provide a summary paragraph that includes level of signficance and applicable criteria) Boulevard Park is a residential suburban neighborhood designed and subdivided by the development firm of Park Realty and the real estate sales firm of Wright and Kimbrough. Built on the former site of the California State Fair’s Union Racetrack, the neighborhood was a streetcar suburb that integrated “City Beautiful” principles of urban design and landscape architecture within Sacramento’s original gridiron block plan. Building styles include a variety of Arts & Crafts and revival styles, but deed restrictions and setback requirements ensured a consistent streetscape throughout the neighborhood. The subdivision plan included two landscaped boulevards that give the neighborhood its name, three small parks located in alleys, and a city park on the northern edge of the property. The neighborhood was marketed as a sylvan retreat from the central city for both professional and working families. Proximity to streetcar lines gave the neighborhood a connection to the central city, a connection that was severed when streetcar service ended, workplaces relocated farther from the central city, and middle-class families moved to new automobile suburbs farther from the central city. Boulevard Park is eligible for the National Register as a historic district under Criterion A at the local level of significance for its role in the development of Sacramento’s streetcar suburbs, and as a district that embodies the characteristics of early 20th century landscape architecture, suburban neighborhood design, and residential architecture at the local level of significance. The property’s period of significance is from 1905 to 1946, from the construction of the district’s earliest buildings to the end of streetcar operation in the neighborhood. ________________________________________________________________________ Narrative Statement of Significance (provide at least one paragraph for each area of significance) Criterion A: Streetcar Suburbs, Progressive Housing Reform and Sacramento’s Urban Development During the late 19th and early 20th century, electric streetcars allowed construction of new middle-class suburbs at the outer perimeter of cities. In Sacramento, streetcar suburbs were first built in the 1880s and 1890s, outside the city limits to the southeast. The planned relocation of the California State Agricultural Society racetrack to a new site in 1905 allowed the Park Realty Company and the Wright & Kimbrough development firm the opportunity to create a new neighborhood that was already served by a streetcar line, closer to the central city than other suburbs but far enough from industrial areas to avoid the noise, smoke and traffic of downtown. In addition to its proximity to downtown Sacramento, its location within an established residential neighborhood with good transit connections made the district a prime location for a new streetcar suburb. In 1907, a separate streetcar line along C Street provided more transit connections for the neighborhood’s residents. The neighborhood was served by streetcars until 1946. (Continued) Criterion A: “City Beautiful” Suburban Design and Architecture Boulevard Park’s overall design was strongly influenced by the “City Beautiful” movement, a movement that promoted the design of better cities and cohesive suburban neighborhoods in the form of residential parks and garden suburbs. A general plan of development, specifications and standards, and the use of deed restrictions were essential elements used to control house design, ensure quality and harmony of construction, and create spatial organization suitable for fine homes in a park setting. These design efforts were intended for more than mere aesthetic effect; they were intended to alleviate the ills of the crowded, polluted 19th century city, and eventually replace them entirely for middle-class and working people. The district’s boundaries and arterial streets used the same grid pattern found throughout Sacramento’s original city limits, but 21st and 22nd Street were widened into boulevards to allow construction of landscaped medians, a prominent feature of “City Beautiful” suburbs. Lots were oriented toward the numbered boulevards, while in the rest of Sacramento lots are oriented towards the lettered streets. Deed restrictions mandated setbacks for buildings to create a consistent streetscape along the boulevards. A city park along the district’s north edge and three smaller parks located in alleys reinforce the principles of “City Beautiful” neighborhood design. Home sizes vary but show a consistent progression from modest and 57
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NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATION FOR BO
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Student: William Anthony Burg I cer
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DEDICATION I dedicate this work to
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Dedication ......
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Preface Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Purp
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to hire a consultant to complete a
Page 13 and 14: creation, and guidance by colleague
Page 15 and 16: estrictions, Sanborn maps, plat map
Page 17 and 18: Historic context statements are a s
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Review
Page 21 and 22: planning is a distinct and separate
Page 23 and 24: transportation are strengthened, wi
Page 25 and 26: promoted early American preservatio
Page 27 and 28: horizontally expanding city. 23 As
Page 29 and 30: was very different from the percept
Page 31 and 32: for a return to the residential hot
Page 33 and 34: historic. This creates a hegemonic
Page 35 and 36: changes in property values often re
Page 37 and 38: gentrification: the gentrifiers wor
Page 39 and 40: justification for historic preserva
Page 41 and 42: almost entirely depopulated and reb
Page 43 and 44: preservation can work as an economi
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 3 FINDINGS AND INTERPRETATI
Page 47 and 48: Apartment buildings within the dist
Page 49 and 50: As time progressed, the five-cent s
Page 51 and 52: outward suburban growth of Sacramen
Page 53 and 54: Properly established historic conte
Page 55 and 56: APPENDIX A Maps of Boulevard Park D
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3: Boulevard Park National R
Page 59: APPENDIX B National Register letter
Page 62 and 63: 5. Classification Ownership of Prop
Page 66 and 67: inexpensive bungalows and cottages
Page 68 and 69: Narrative Description (Continued) B
Page 70 and 71: found in the district, moved from o
Page 72 and 73: Italianate Several buildings in the
Page 74 and 75: except on the enclosed porch (see b
Page 76 and 77: leading to a below-grade basement g
Page 78 and 79: 32. 304 21st Contributor This front
Page 80 and 81: window vent is located in the porch
Page 82 and 83: 52. 414 21st Contributor This Neocl
Page 84 and 85: panel of the door. Stairs are woode
Page 86 and 87: This is a modern International Styl
Page 88 and 89: 83. 615 21st Contributor This two-s
Page 90 and 91: wooden piers. The porch cornice has
Page 92 and 93: door has nine divided lights in a 3
Page 94 and 95: This two-story foursquare building
Page 96 and 97: porch. Siding is stucco except on t
Page 98 and 99: The porch is supported by two large
Page 100 and 101: within the context of the neighborh
Page 102 and 103: 150. 617 22nd Contributor This 1907
Page 104 and 105: center. The second floor features a
Page 106 and 107: 169. 2001/2005 C Non-Contributor Th
Page 108 and 109: gable ends. A full-width porch is l
Page 110 and 111: 190. 2001 D Contributor This 1925 o
Page 112 and 113: front. Windows are double-hung wood
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This 1929 Minimal Traditional cotta
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This Neoclassic row house has a hip
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110 of construction is prior to 191
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240. 2009 F Contributor This one-an
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y a single rectangular column of fa
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modifications to the porch, this bu
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This 1907 Classical Revival foursqu
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afters, except for the rafter ends,
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from the main building, extending a
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piers atop rectangular brick piers.
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convey its significance as an eleme
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94 21st 717 C 003-0182-016-0000 95
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198 D 2019 C 1909 003-0075-018-0000
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21st/G-H 294 22nd/B_C C 1905 22nd/C
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along H Street, terminating at East
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22 miles away in Folsom, CA, was co
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Progressive Reform and “City Beau
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prominent features of both City Bea
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As a Republican of this era, active
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marked change in neighborhood compo
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City of Sacramento, “Sacramento R
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Schwarzer, Mitchell, “Myths of Pe
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national register nomination for boulevard park historic

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