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19 aeeunte means of documenting tne position of archaeological specimens in the gmund. All measuremenlr were recorded in muic units. Sevcd haulkr we= iefl in place amund the rite la maintain the rualigaphic mord and to provide henchmuh for measuring vertical depths. Two primq intcrrscting hlks. 50 cm wtde. were maintained thmugh the center of the excavation to remrd Ihe mhaeoiogicd deposits along cast-wut and nonh-south axes. A third hulk was pmirioned at the earl ride of the rite. over what Nmcd out lobe the h mh ma. Addiriand baulks were dx, mafnLlined on the wtem pnn of the site. After thcy h d been drawn and photographed, moslof the baulh were removed Iowardrhe latter p vld rhe project. 1.7 Dating Dating an mhreoiagical rile quires a variety of methods including historical documentation and the analysis of the hefacts from the deporits. Especially useful ate the tobacco pips and everyday ceramin. When the rite was first dirovered. the presence of Nonh Devon ceramics indicared that there were cullunl deposits present that dated to the ~vsnteenth century. The cease dliwan wmr pmduced in Ihe Nonh Devan [owns of Bideford and Barnstable were largely replaced (except locally) by finer wares produced elxwhere in England in the early eighteenth century (Grant 1983: 132).
20 Of all the anifafrr fmndmhistnic sim hanthc lm-sixtRnh lothe eighteenth century nones more useful for daring than clay tobacco piper. T hw hagile pipr often appev in notable quantities on rites thar partdate the late rirtrmth century. Over ths past five decades u great deal of reremh has been dedicated to clay tobacco pipes and their me in d.dt~n8 arehatological deposits. Scholars have recognized that pip stembnn grew smaller ar time pmgrerwd and they could be used as a relative dating twl. Others refined thlr technique but noted that it was only accurate with luge numberr of pip ,terns (Orwald 1975:93). The bore divmter fmm every Renews pip stem w s mc;lrured andealeul~ud~sing tk HorringtonlBinford formuI~fordating~Iay pip Stem3 to give a stem bore date for the various depia (Oswald 1975:921. Many of the pip stems had bore diameters that masured 6/64 of an inch or greeer. The calculations ye prebsnted in Appendix Band sumavizsd in Table 1.2 below. Because of the r d l number of rcems fmm Event I (n=631. they we= dded ta hse from Event 2. Ar early ar the 183%. tobaecopip re-berr ~cogniredthar pip bowls changed with time. a lmr thought to be due to a drop in the pice ( acd therefore illcrew in the availability) of tobacco (Orwald 1975: 29). As lob- became cheaper and more readily rvuilrblc, rhc bowls pew liugsr (Am 1994: 41. Regional variaclonr became err+blirhed srpcially in the major pip manufacruringeenters of London and Brinol and useful typologies have been established for English pipr (Orwald 1975: 29-61]. English Wesf Counuy and landon styles &ling bcoveeo 1-1680 domints the Renews pip
Page 1: I CENTW FOR NEWFOUNDLAND STUDIES TO
Page 6 and 7: During a 1993 survey of eightenIh+e
Page 8 and 9: The author wlsher to aelrnowledge a
Page 10 and 11: Finally. I would like to thank my w
Page 12 and 13: The Firnr Eanhn noor The Beach cobb
Page 15 and 16: Table 1.2 Table 1.3 Table 3.1 Table
Page 17 and 18: Figure 8n Figure 8b Figure 9 Figure
Page 19 and 20: Figure 29 Fcgure 30 Figure 31 Flgur
Page 21 and 22: Figure5la Figure 5lb Figure 52 Figu
Page 23 and 24: Figurr 78a Figure 78b Figure 79a Fi
Page 25 and 26: 2 winter activities would pmvide ad
Page 27 and 28: 1.2 Intmducllon 4 During the hereve
Page 29 and 30: 1660s. By far, the bulkof the culNl
Page 31 and 32: he harbour. In addition to being an
Page 33 and 34: 10 drinking waler an his way back t
Page 35 and 36: 12 Table 1.1 Total Popu*tlon of Rmn
Page 37 and 38: 14 (62iv.v1.vl l):158). The= figure
Page 39 and 40: 1.5.1 Jams Yongt's Journal 16 For t
Page 41: 18 excavation followed the naNral a
Page 45 and 46: 22 bowi shapes. Many of these are s
Page 47 and 48: 24 and a dot beneath the "E". The w
Page 49 and 50: 26 The =and variety of a"rpked whee
Page 51 and 52: 28 pmdueing plpes omund the ram for
Page 53 and 54: 30 rile feamxs. Complications are m
Page 55 and 56: 32 20-50 cm thick depostt of flatir
Page 57 and 58: 34 been ~nterpreted ar a rub-flwr d
Page 59 and 60: The Architectural Evidence 2.1 Intm
Page 61 and 62: 38 foundation stom rhms any obvi- s
Page 63 and 64: 20 (still rewining the core of lhe
Page 65 and 66: 42 displacement inside and outside
Page 67 and 68: 44 discovered in his r m m (Figure
Page 69 and 70: 46 However, a different interpretpr
Page 71 and 72: 48 dirpiaesmsnt of the fwndnion sto
Page 73 and 74: 50 house collapw rusrum covering th
Page 75 and 76: 52 the most exciting part of the h
Page 77 and 78: 54 Several anifnets were found lyin
Page 79 and 80: 56 are. however. many elemens missi
Page 81 and 82: 58 3 smaller house would have k n m
Page 83 and 84: 60 lay in the prorimicy of the reds
Page 85 and 86: 62 used rn England in rhe seventeen
Page 87 and 88: €4 To visualize what a d rocf I&
Page 89 and 90: 66 wall of the house. Why then woul
Page 91: 68 hwrh wmrer months. espcially if
Page 94 and 95:
71 anifaet eoilecdan fmm Renews wil
Page 96 and 97:
73 size were used. For the smoking
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15 fmm just one vesrel while anothe
Page 100 and 101:
Table Porringer Nonh Devm Smmth Tem
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The most popular form of ceramic ve
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81 an opening in the mgeof 18-19cm.
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83 Additional tableware pi- from th
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85 The only no" food-related cerami
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87 Table 3.3 Number of G*rs Alnfwlr
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3.6 Tobacco Pipea Of the 1.440 tobu
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91 the house cccupation depesits M
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93 century vicco"ous attack by Snnc
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% hard plastic with many mare h& th
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98 affairs, made by folding a thin
Page 123 and 124:
IW thought to dale lo 1690 (Bndley
Page 125 and 126:
102 Chapter N Seventeenth-Century M
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104 For a number of reMr. na all el
Page 129 and 130:
43 Fmdways 106 The term "foadwuys"
Page 131 and 132:
10s Ceramic ve~xlr assmiated with f
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110 to their use in the heath mds.
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112 below. By the mid-$evcnreenth m
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114 did in 1663 (Poynter l%3:56. re
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'FW mqI WOIJ am, orp peq pavom JO r
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I IS induslry. Nets and jiggm - uwd
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I20 production have k en published
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122 throughout colontal Nonh Americ
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124 The pewter goblet stem was a ra
Page 149 and 150:
The Conclusions 5.1 The Co~~rlosion
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128 popuiation in Renews, but formn
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130 A rich rmdden deposit. located
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132 reventeenth-csnrury Newfoundlan
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134 finer elements of wvcnrcenth
Page 159 and 160:
Barley. M. 1961 The English Fannhou
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138 1977 in Snloii Things Fargonen.
Page 163 and 164:
1973 Leetms on the History of Newfo
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1998 "How Misleadimg Are Pipe Stem
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Twaites. R. C. 1897 The lcsuit Rela
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Figure lb Map of Newfoundland rhowi
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photograph. Facing east.
Page 175 and 176:
Figure 6 Renews harbaur [Rcnwrel as
Page 178:
R w 9 Barnstable-style pipes made b
Page 181:
Dutch "'rose" maker's mark.
Page 186:
Figure 18 Clay lenses (Event 34) be
Page 189:
I Figw 22" AvtaCAD plrn vicv dths h
Page 192:
Figure 25 Plan vlew of the house in
Page 196 and 197:
, 173 Rgun 30 ~x~avatlon mew of thc
Page 199 and 200:
Figure 35 Detail of fm box in the n
Page 201:
Figure 38 Detail of stone flm of fi
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of tk behouse wUspse (Event 3) Note
Page 212:
Figure 53 Nonh Dcvon mtllLing cup n
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ntlc from Penylsnd. Note tk rsmilar
Page 226 and 227:
Figure mb Pmfde of the Pewter goble
Page 228:
P i 72 bondivc -11 work on the brk
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figure 78b NetUng needle after eons
Page 236 and 237:
Appendix B Pip Bore Data Frmn the S
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Appendix B (eonthucd) Evmt 36 Bore
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Stratigraphic E ve. 217 Event I Org
Page 242 and 243:
Appendix C (continued) Slmtigrrphie
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Appendix D Pollen Report by ~ e&IS,
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223 My involvement in this repon is
Page 250 and 251:
the site during the 17th-century oc
Page 252:
ecords. Vegetation Rscard. Grass (G
Page 255 and 256:
Table 1. Renews. Nevfoundland 1660-
Page 257 and 258:
References Cited 8azzal F. A. i'174
Page 259:
King, J.E., Y.E. Klippla, and R. Du
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