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3.6 Tobacco Pipea
Of the 1.440 tobuco pipe fragments from the archaeological deposits ar Renews just over
one-third. or 834 fngmntr. were remwred from the sealed reventsentheenrury
occupation ruata (Evene 4.35.36 and 37). This latter figure can he broken down inlo
thmc groups: complete or nearly complete bowls (n=95). stem fragments (nz.537) and
bawl rhcrds (n=202). An dditiend 988 pipe fragmene. including 61 complete or neariy
complete bowls. were found in lhe h- collapse rvarum (Event 3). however. since thtr
nntum contaned ;I mlrrum of reventecnth-century and eighteentheentury mifua, hey
m not included m this study. Seven styles of maker's muLs were present on 21 of the
pipe bowls. Six of there have been identified (Table 1.31. As the datable arrribulcr fmm
there piper were discused in Chapter I. their phpicd atuibuter will be addressed here.
All but one of the pipes were made from fine whitirheoloud clay commonly refemd to
as "ball clay". Variants afwbitc W 1 clay we* available throughout southern England,
w ~ enain h ma^ of nonh and wrath Dcvonshire being dominant rupplien by the late-
seventeenth century (hwdd 1975:12). Regional styles developed thmughout England.
pvrt1cululy after about ISOwhm hdon's suppored monopoly on pip manufururing
ended (Oswdd 1975:42). Bristol was another major manufumring eenler. Because of
its pmrimiry to excellent ball clay beds tagelher with an esmblisbed tndition of ceramic