World Development Report 1984

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-1984. "The Malthusian Case: Preindustrial England" (unpublished bibliographical note). Linn, Johannes. 1983. Cities in the Developing World: Policies for Their Equitable and Efficient Growth. New York: Oxford University Press. McCann, Margaret E, and others. 1981. "Breastfeeding, Fertility, and Family Planning." Population Reports, Series J, no. 24. Meadows, Donella H., and others. 1972. The Limits to Growth: A Report for the Club of Rome's Project on the Predicament of Mankind. New York: Universe Books. Mitra, Pradeep. 1983. "Accounting for Adjustment in Selected Semi-industrial Countries." Discussion Paper 70. Washington D.C.: Development Research Department, World Bank. Morris, Leo, and others. 1981. "Contraceptive Prevalence Surveys: A New Source of Family Planning Data." Population Reports, Series M, no. 5. Baltimore, Md.: Population Information Program, Johns Hopkins University. Mosk, Carl. 1983. Patriarchy and Fertility: Japan and Sweden, 1880-1960. New York: Academic Press. Nortman, Dorothy, and Joanne Fisher. 1982. Population and Family Planning Programs: A Compendium of Data through 1981, 11th ed. New York: The Population Council. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 1983. OECD Economic Outlook. Paris. Page, Hilary J., and Ron Lesthaeghe, eds. 1981. Child-spacing in Tropical Africa. New York: Academic Press. Pingali, P. L., and Hans P. Binswanger. 1983. "Population Density, Farming Intensity, Patterns of Labor Use and Mechanization." Discussion Paper 11. Washington D.C.: Agriculture and Rural Development Department, World Bank. Riedel, James. 1984. "Trade as the Engine of Growth in Developing Countries Revisited. " Economic Journal 94, 373. Rostow, W W. 1978. The World Economy: History and Prospect. Austin, Tx.: University of Texas Press. Rutstein, Shea Oscar. 1982. "Infant and Child Mortality: Levels, Trends, and Demographic Differentials." WFS Comparative Study no. 24 (London, November 1982). Sachs, Jeffrey. 1979. "Wages, Profits, and Macroeconomic Adjustment: A Comparative Study." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 2:269-320. -1983. "Theoretical Issues in International Borrowing." Working Paper 1189. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Schultz, T. Paul. 1981. Economics of Population. Reading, Mass.: Addison Wesley. Sen, Amartya. 1967. "Isolation, Assurance, and the Social Rate of Discount. " Quarterly Journal of Economics 81, 1. Simon, Julian. 1982. The Ultimate Resource. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Sivard, Ruth. 1983. World Military and Social Expenditures 1983. Washington, D.C.: World Priorities. Stokes, C. Shannon, and Wayne A. Schutjer. 1983. "Access to Land and Fertility in Developing Countries." Paper prepared for the Conference on Rural Development and Human Fertility, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania. Mimeo. Tien, H. Y. 1983. "China: Demographic Billionaire." Population Bulletin 38, 2. Tietze, Christopher. 1983. Induced Abortion: A World Review 1983. 5th ed. New York: The Population Council. UN Department of International, Economic and Social Affairs. 1966. World Population Prospects as Assessed in 1963. Population Studies no. 41. New York. - 1966 and 1980. Demographic Yearbook. New York. -1980. Patterns of Urban and Rural Population Growth. Population Studies no. 68. New York. - Forthcoming. World Population Trends and Policies, 1983 Monitoring Report. New York. UN Department of International, Economic and Social Affairs and UN Fund for Population Activities. Various years. "Population Policy Compendiums." New York. UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. 1983. UNESCO Statistical Yearbook. Paris. UN Fund for Population Activities. 1983. Report on Population Assistance, 1981. New York. US Bureau of the Census. 1960. Historical Statistics of the United States: Colonial Times to 1957. Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office. US Congress, Office of Technology Assessment. 1982. World Population and Fertility Planning Technologies: The Next 20 Years. Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office. Van de Walle, E., and J. Knodel. 1980. "Europe's Fertility Transition, New Evidence and Lessons for Today's Developing World." Population Bulletin 34, 6:3-43. Washington, D.C.: Population Reference Bureau. Wolf, Martin, and others. 1984. Costs of Protecting Jobs in Textiles and Clothing. Thames Essay no. 38. London: Trade Policy Research Centre. World Bank. 1981. Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Agenda for Action. Washington, D.C. World Bank. 1982a. IDA in Retrospect: The First Two Decades of the International Development Association. New York: Oxford University Press. -1982b. World Development Report 1982. New York: Oxford University Press. World Bank. 1983. Sub-Saharan Africa: Progress Report on Development Prospects and Programs. Washington, D.C. Zimmerman, L. J. 1965. Poor Lands, Rich Lands: The Widening Gap. New York: Random House. 206
Annex World Development Indicators
Page 1:
Public Disclosure Authorized Public
Page 4 and 5:
Oxford University Press NEW YORK OX
Page 6 and 7:
labor markets. And they have a vest
Page 8 and 9:
8 The policy agenda 155 Population
Page 10 and 11:
Boxes 1.1 The arithmetic of populat
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Glossary Demographic terms informat
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I I
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countries regain their momentum of
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4 Box 1.1 The arithmetic of populat
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example. Between 1955 and 1980 inco
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ment-all the more so if human skill
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etween 1 and 2 percent-moderate com
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FIGURE 2.1 directions-with a lag in
Page 28 and 29:
14 Distribution of product among se
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TABLE 2.2 Rates of growth in the re
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export restraints and orderly marke
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Box 2.2 Comparisons between the 193
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TABLE 2.6 indebtedness is denominat
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TABLE 2.7 Change in export prices a
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Burundi, Guinea, Mali, Malawi, and
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TABLE 2.9 Exports from developing c
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of rapid and painful adjustment for
Page 46 and 47:
In many countries internal adjustme
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3 Prospects for sustained growth Wi
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TABLE 3.2 Growth of GDP per capita,
Page 52 and 53:
TABLE 3.4 Current account balance a
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over time. The main focus of indust
Page 56 and 57:
TABLE 3.6 Growth of trade in develo
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Box 3.3 Delinking from the world ec
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nal surplus. The resulting rise in
Page 62 and 63:
Because the public sector in low-in
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developing-country creditworthiness
Page 66 and 67:
themselves and, by caring for young
Page 68 and 69:
fertility in a changing world is a
Page 70 and 71:
nize contraceptive services. As wil
Page 72 and 73:
Economic transformation: Europe, Ja
Page 74 and 75:
scious control of family size, prob
Page 76 and 77:
Box 4.3 The European fertility tran
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FIGURE 4.2 Birth and death rates an
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Box 4.4 Alternative measures of fer
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largest city in 1950, will not even
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FIGURE 4.4 Fertility in relation to
Page 86 and 87:
government goal is a nationwide rat
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North America's population in 2000
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IBox 4.6 Three views of population
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TABLE 4.6 Population size and densi
Page 94 and 95:
Box 5.1 Consequences of population
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implied by a simple division of tot
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and on farms. But the evidence on e
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get in GDP. Alternatively, all or p
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youths, who are presumably able to
Page 104 and 105:
saving because they come from the c
Page 106 and 107:
acre increased from 15.4 million to
Page 108 and 109:
food they need. Although the amount
Page 110 and 111:
is so scarce, they can do so only o
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from rural to urban areas mainly re
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other developing countries suggests
Page 116 and 117:
emigration by providing information
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Box 5.7 Coping with rapid fertility
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6 Slowing population growth Experie
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feTtility; nor is it easy to judge
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the education of mothers increases
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etter education and health services
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TABLE 6.1 Total fertility rates and
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effectiveness of existing laws, ins
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in the 1950s and 1960s, fertility w
Page 134 and 135:
FIGURE 6.6 Fertility dedine within
Page 136 and 137:
Box 6.3 Mleasuring the value of chi
Page 138 and 139:
few births; to encourage spacing, T
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Box 6.4 A deferred incentive scheme
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Box"7.1 Family planning for health
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FIGURE 71 88 in Romania (1979). Res
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132 Box 7.2 Birth planning technolo
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TABLE 7.2 Percentage of married wom
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TABLE 7.3 Discontinuation of contra
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may be delaying a first pregnancy,
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family planning and maternal and ch
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clients may develop can be promptly
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Box 7.6 The impact of service quali
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medical examination was not always
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measuring social acceptability, or
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Box 7.7 Military versus social expe
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costs per user. Public cost per use
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sanguine, however, as soon as one t
Page 170 and 171: TABLE 8.1 Population policy indicat
Page 172 and 173: Box 8.2 China's census: counting a
Page 174 and 175: FAMILY PLANNING. In many countries-
Page 176 and 177: improving the availability of famil
Page 178 and 179: Box 8.4 Africa: how much land, how
Page 180 and 181: Box 8.5 Infertility: a challenge to
Page 182 and 183: FIGURE 8.2 upper Egypt want no more
Page 184 and 185: growth. Fertility has declined in t
Page 186 and 187: Box 8.7 Changing policies and attit
Page 188 and 189: FIGURE 8.6 childbearing age have un
Page 190 and 191: able several types of condoms, pill
Page 192 and 193: housing schemes to parents with onl
Page 194 and 195: and training, data collection and a
Page 196 and 197: 9 Ten years of experience Much that
Page 198 and 199: ecause few effective methods are of
Page 200 and 201: Population data supplement The six
Page 202 and 203: Table 4. Factors influencing fertil
Page 204 and 205: 190 Births and total fertility =Ice
Page 206 and 207: Table 1. Population projections Rat
Page 208 and 209: Table 2. Population composition Low
Page 210 and 211: Table 3. Contraceptive use and unme
Page 212 and 213: Table 5. Status of women Number enr
Page 214 and 215: Table 6. Family planning policy _ _
Page 216 and 217: Bibliographical note This Report ha
Page 218 and 219: Background papers Note: Source refe
Page 222 and 223: I I
Page 224 and 225: Table 10. Structure of merchandise
Page 226 and 227: Key In each table, economies are li
Page 228 and 229: same order is used in all tables. T
Page 230 and 231: Population I~~~~ - * S: ~ -- ' X -
Page 232 and 233: Table 1. Basic indicators GNP per c
Page 234 and 235: Table 2. Growthi of production Aver
Page 236 and 237: Table 3. Structure of production GD
Page 238 and 239: Table 4. Growth of consumption-and
Page 240 and 241: Tadble 5. Structure of demand Distr
Page 242 and 243: Table 6. Agriculture and food Value
Page 244 and 245: Table 7. Industr Distribution of ma
Page 246 and 247: Table 8. Commercial energy Energy c
Page 248 and 249: Table 9. Growthi of merchandise tra
Page 254 and 255: Table 12. Origin and destination of
Page 256 and 257: Table 13. Origin and destination of
Page 258 and 259: Table 14. Balance of payments and r
Page 260 and 261: Table 15. Flow of public and public
Page 262 and 263: Table 16. External public debt and
Page 264 and 265: Table 17. Terms of public borrowing
Page 266 and 267: Table 18. Official development assi
Page 268 and 269: Table 19. Population growth and pro
Page 270 and 271:
Table 20. Demographic and fertility
Page 272 and 273:
Table 21. Labor force Percentage of
Page 274 and 275:
Table 22. Urbanization Urban popula
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Table 23. Indicators related to lif
Page 278 and 279:
Table 24. Health-related indicators
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Table 25. Education Number Number e
Page 282 and 283:
Table 26. Central goverrnment expen
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Table 27. Central government curren
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Table 28. In-come distribution Perc
Page 288 and 289:
Technical notes This edition of the
Page 290 and 291:
difficulties in assigning subsisten
Page 292 and 293:
series in national currencies are a
Page 294 and 295:
Public loans are external obligatio
Page 296 and 297:
estimates, the total fertility rate
Page 298 and 299:
expenditure and current revenue sho
Page 300:
Bibliography of data sources Nation
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