World Development Report 1984

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Table 6. Family planning policy _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Low-inc_ome _economies Support for family planning Demographic Health and Year official Family planning and other houman righits family planning indear' reasons reasons only No support program started 1972 1982 1. Chad x n.a. E E 2. Bangladesh x 1971 E C 3. Ethiopia x 1981 E E 4. Nepal x 1966 D D 5. Mali x 1972 E E 6. Burma x n.a. E E 7 . Zaire x 1973 E E 8 . Malawi x n.a. E E 9 . Upper Volta x n. a. E E 10. Uganda x 1971 E E 11. India x 1952 B B 12. Rwanda x 1981 E D 13. B3urundi x n.a. E F 14. Tanzania x 1970 E D 15. Somalia x 1977 E E 16. Haiti x 1982 E D3 17. Benin x 1969 18. Central African Rep. x 1978 E E 19. China x 1962 A A 20. Guinea S n.a. E E 21. Niger x n. a. E E 22. Madagascar x n.a. E E 23. Sri Lanka x 1965 C B 24. Togo x 1975 E E 25. Ghana x 1969 E E 26. Pakistan x 1960 D C 27. Kenya x 1967 D D 28. Sierra Leone x 1978 E E 29. 11'. I;'x 1970 E E 30.1'... x 1979 31. Kaniipuclzea, Dem. x 1977~ bF E 32. Lao PDR x 1976 b E E 33. Mozamnbiqjue x 1977 E E 34. Viet Nami x 1977 B C Middle-income economies Lower-middle-income 35. Sudan x 1970 E E 36. Mauritania x n.a. E E 37. Yemen, PDR x 1973 E E 38. Liberia x 1973 E D 39. Senegal x 1976 E E 40. Yemen Arab Rep. x n.a. E E 41. Lesotho x 1974 E E 42. Bolivia x 17 E E 43. Indonesia x 1968 C B 44. Zambia x 1974 E E 45. Honduras x 1966 D D 46. Egypt. Arab Rep. x 1965 D D3 47. El Salvador x 1974 C B 48. Thailand x 1970 13 C 49. Papua New Guinea x 1968 E D 50. Philippines x 1970 C C 51. Zimbabwe x 1968 E D3 52. Nigeria x 1970 F E 53. Morocco x 1966 E 13 54. Cameroon x n.a. E E 55. Nicaraguia x 1967 E F 56. Ivory Coast x n.a. E E 57. Guatemala x 1975 13 13 58. Congo, People's Rep. 5 1976 F E 59. Costa Rica x 1968 B 13 200
Support forfamily planning Demographic Health and Year official Family planning and other human rights family planning index, reasons reasons only No support program started 1972 1982 60. Peru x 1976 E D 61. Dominican Rep. x 1968 C C 62. Jamaica x 1966 B C 63. Ecuador x 1968 D C 64. Turkey x 1965 D D 65. Tunisia x 1964 C C 66. Colombia x 1970 C B 67. Paraguay x 1972 E E 68. Angola 69. Cuba x x n.a. .. . C C 70. Korea, Dem. Rep. x 71. Lebanon x 1970 E D 72. Mongolia L'pper-middle-income x n.a. E E 73. Syrian Arab Rep. x 1974 E E 74. Jordan 75. Malaysia x x 1976 1966 E C E B 76. Korea, Rep. of x 1961 A A 77. Panama x 1969 C B 78. Chile x 1979b C C 79. Brazil 80. Mexico x x 1974 1974 E E C B 81. Algeria 83. Argentina x x 1971 n.a. E D 84. Uruguay x n.a. 85. South Africa 87. Venezuela 89. Israel x x x 1966 1968 . D D 90. Hong Kong x 1973 B B 91. Singapore x 1965 A A 92. Trinidad and Tobago 93. Iran,Islamic Rep. x 1967 C C 94. Iraq High-income oil e%porters x 1972 E E 95. Oman 96. Libya 97. Saudi Arabia x x x n.a. n.a. n.a. E E 98. Kuwait 99. United Arab Emirates Counirie, % ith less than one million population x x n.a. n.a. E E Guinea-Bissau x 1976 Cape Verde Gambia St. Vincent and Grenadines Solomon Islands x x x x 1978 1969 1972 1970 .. . D Guyana x 1977 .. D St. Lucia x 1975 . Grenada x 1974 . Botswana x 1970 .. D Slwaziland x 1975 . Mauritius x 1965 B B Fiji x 1962 B C Barbados x 1967 . Cyprus x n. a. .. D Gabon x n.a. Seychelles x 1975 .. Western Samoa x 1970 . . D . . Not available. n.a. Not applicable. a. A = very strong; B = strong; C = moderate; D = weak; E = very weak or none. For explanation of the index, see technical notes. b. Year in which previously existing program was canceled. 201
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Public Disclosure Authorized Public
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Oxford University Press NEW YORK OX
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labor markets. And they have a vest
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8 The policy agenda 155 Population
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Boxes 1.1 The arithmetic of populat
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Glossary Demographic terms informat
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I I
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countries regain their momentum of
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4 Box 1.1 The arithmetic of populat
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example. Between 1955 and 1980 inco
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ment-all the more so if human skill
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etween 1 and 2 percent-moderate com
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FIGURE 2.1 directions-with a lag in
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14 Distribution of product among se
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TABLE 2.2 Rates of growth in the re
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export restraints and orderly marke
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Box 2.2 Comparisons between the 193
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TABLE 2.6 indebtedness is denominat
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TABLE 2.7 Change in export prices a
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Burundi, Guinea, Mali, Malawi, and
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TABLE 2.9 Exports from developing c
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of rapid and painful adjustment for
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In many countries internal adjustme
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3 Prospects for sustained growth Wi
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TABLE 3.2 Growth of GDP per capita,
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TABLE 3.4 Current account balance a
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over time. The main focus of indust
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TABLE 3.6 Growth of trade in develo
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Box 3.3 Delinking from the world ec
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nal surplus. The resulting rise in
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Because the public sector in low-in
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developing-country creditworthiness
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themselves and, by caring for young
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fertility in a changing world is a
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nize contraceptive services. As wil
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Economic transformation: Europe, Ja
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scious control of family size, prob
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Box 4.3 The European fertility tran
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FIGURE 4.2 Birth and death rates an
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Box 4.4 Alternative measures of fer
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largest city in 1950, will not even
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FIGURE 4.4 Fertility in relation to
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government goal is a nationwide rat
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North America's population in 2000
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IBox 4.6 Three views of population
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TABLE 4.6 Population size and densi
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Box 5.1 Consequences of population
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implied by a simple division of tot
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and on farms. But the evidence on e
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get in GDP. Alternatively, all or p
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youths, who are presumably able to
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saving because they come from the c
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acre increased from 15.4 million to
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food they need. Although the amount
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is so scarce, they can do so only o
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from rural to urban areas mainly re
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other developing countries suggests
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emigration by providing information
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Box 5.7 Coping with rapid fertility
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6 Slowing population growth Experie
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feTtility; nor is it easy to judge
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the education of mothers increases
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etter education and health services
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TABLE 6.1 Total fertility rates and
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effectiveness of existing laws, ins
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in the 1950s and 1960s, fertility w
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FIGURE 6.6 Fertility dedine within
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Box 6.3 Mleasuring the value of chi
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few births; to encourage spacing, T
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Box 6.4 A deferred incentive scheme
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Box"7.1 Family planning for health
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FIGURE 71 88 in Romania (1979). Res
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132 Box 7.2 Birth planning technolo
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TABLE 7.2 Percentage of married wom
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TABLE 7.3 Discontinuation of contra
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may be delaying a first pregnancy,
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family planning and maternal and ch
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clients may develop can be promptly
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Box 7.6 The impact of service quali
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medical examination was not always
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measuring social acceptability, or
Page 164 and 165: Box 7.7 Military versus social expe
Page 166 and 167: costs per user. Public cost per use
Page 168 and 169: sanguine, however, as soon as one t
Page 170 and 171: TABLE 8.1 Population policy indicat
Page 172 and 173: Box 8.2 China's census: counting a
Page 174 and 175: FAMILY PLANNING. In many countries-
Page 176 and 177: improving the availability of famil
Page 178 and 179: Box 8.4 Africa: how much land, how
Page 180 and 181: Box 8.5 Infertility: a challenge to
Page 182 and 183: FIGURE 8.2 upper Egypt want no more
Page 184 and 185: growth. Fertility has declined in t
Page 186 and 187: Box 8.7 Changing policies and attit
Page 188 and 189: FIGURE 8.6 childbearing age have un
Page 190 and 191: able several types of condoms, pill
Page 192 and 193: housing schemes to parents with onl
Page 194 and 195: and training, data collection and a
Page 196 and 197: 9 Ten years of experience Much that
Page 198 and 199: ecause few effective methods are of
Page 200 and 201: Population data supplement The six
Page 202 and 203: Table 4. Factors influencing fertil
Page 204 and 205: 190 Births and total fertility =Ice
Page 206 and 207: Table 1. Population projections Rat
Page 208 and 209: Table 2. Population composition Low
Page 210 and 211: Table 3. Contraceptive use and unme
Page 212 and 213: Table 5. Status of women Number enr
Page 216 and 217: Bibliographical note This Report ha
Page 218 and 219: Background papers Note: Source refe
Page 220 and 221: -1984. "The Malthusian Case: Preind
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Page 224 and 225: Table 10. Structure of merchandise
Page 226 and 227: Key In each table, economies are li
Page 228 and 229: same order is used in all tables. T
Page 230 and 231: Population I~~~~ - * S: ~ -- ' X -
Page 232 and 233: Table 1. Basic indicators GNP per c
Page 234 and 235: Table 2. Growthi of production Aver
Page 236 and 237: Table 3. Structure of production GD
Page 238 and 239: Table 4. Growth of consumption-and
Page 240 and 241: Tadble 5. Structure of demand Distr
Page 242 and 243: Table 6. Agriculture and food Value
Page 244 and 245: Table 7. Industr Distribution of ma
Page 246 and 247: Table 8. Commercial energy Energy c
Page 248 and 249: Table 9. Growthi of merchandise tra
Page 254 and 255: Table 12. Origin and destination of
Page 256 and 257: Table 13. Origin and destination of
Page 258 and 259: Table 14. Balance of payments and r
Page 260 and 261: Table 15. Flow of public and public
Page 262 and 263: Table 16. External public debt and
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Table 17. Terms of public borrowing
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Table 18. Official development assi
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Table 19. Population growth and pro
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Table 20. Demographic and fertility
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Table 21. Labor force Percentage of
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Table 22. Urbanization Urban popula
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Table 23. Indicators related to lif
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Table 24. Health-related indicators
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Table 25. Education Number Number e
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Table 26. Central goverrnment expen
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Table 27. Central government curren
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Table 28. In-come distribution Perc
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Technical notes This edition of the
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difficulties in assigning subsisten
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series in national currencies are a
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Public loans are external obligatio
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estimates, the total fertility rate
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expenditure and current revenue sho
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Bibliography of data sources Nation
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World Development Report 1984

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