Hagen - Pragma ADE

Hagen - Pragma ADE Hagen - Pragma ADE

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30 Modes glyph 256 font 42: U+00074: t glyph 256 font 42: U+00065: e glyph 256 font 42: U+00073: s glyph 256 font 42: U+00074: t userskip 1.9072 - 0.9536 + 0.6357 glyph 256 font 42: U+00042: B glyph 256 font 42: U+0004C: L glyph 256 font 42: U+00041: A glyph 256 font 42: U+00074: t glyph 256 font 42: U+00065: e glyph 256 font 42: U+00073: s glyph 256 font 42: U+00074: t Figure 2.2 The text ‘test BLAtest’ converted to nodes. In addition to hyphenation and kerning we can have ligatures. The list in figure 2.4 shows that we get a reference to a ligature in the glyph node but that the components are still known. This figure also demonstrates that the ligature is build in steps. A.10 If we insert an explicit \discretionary command, we see in figure 2.5 that we get three variants. In figure 2.6 we render some Dutch words and these have quite some ligatures. So, we have hyphenation, ligature building and kerning and to some extent these mechanisms hook into each other. This process is driven by information stored in the font and rules related to the language. The hyphenation happens first, so the builder just sees discretionary nodes and needs to act properly on them. Although languages play an important role in formatting the text, for the moment we can forget about that. This leaves the font. As we already mentioned in a previous chapter, in ConT E Xt we use Unicode internally. This also means that fonts are organized this way. By default the glyph representation of a Unicode character sits in the same slot in the glyph table. All additional glyphs, like

glyph 256 font 33: U+00074: t glyph 256 font 33: U+00065: e glyph 256 font 33: U+00073: s glyph 256 font 33: U+00074: t userskip 1.9072 - 0.9536 + 0.6357 glyph 256 font 33: U+00042: B glyph 256 font 33: U+0004C: L glyph 256 font 33: U+00041: A userkern -0.1055 glyph 256 font 33: U+00074: t disc glyph 256 font 33: U+00065: e glyph 256 font 33: U+00073: s glyph 256 font 33: U+00074: t prebreak : glyph 0 font 33: U+0002D: - Figure 2.3 The text ‘test BLAtest’ converted to nodes, hyphenated and kerned. ligatures or alternates are pushed in the private unicode space. This is why in the lists shown in the figures the ligatures have a private Unicode number. The basic mode of operation in the builder in LuaT E X is as follows: • hyphenate the node list • build ligatures • inject kerns • optionally break into lines In traditional T E X the first step is not that independent. There hyphenation takes place when the text is broken into lines, and only in places that are candidate for such a break. In LuaT E X the whole text is hyphenated. This has the advantage that the steps 31 Modes

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+00074: t<br />

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+00065: e<br />

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+00073: s<br />

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+00074: t<br />

userskip<br />

1.9072 - 0.9536 + 0.6357<br />

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+00042: B<br />

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+0004C: L<br />

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+00041: A<br />

userkern<br />

-0.1055<br />

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+00074: t<br />

disc<br />

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+00065: e<br />

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+00073: s<br />

glyph 256<br />

font 33: U+00074: t<br />

prebreak : glyph 0<br />

font 33: U+0002D: -<br />

Figure 2.3 The text ‘test BLAtest’ converted<br />

to nodes, hyphenated and kerned.<br />

ligatures or alternates are pushed in the private unicode space. This is why in the lists<br />

shown in the figures the ligatures have a private Unicode number.<br />

The basic mode of operation in the builder in LuaT E X is as follows:<br />

• hyphenate the node list<br />

• build ligatures<br />

• inject kerns<br />

• optionally break into lines<br />

In traditional T E X the first step is not that independent. There hyphenation takes<br />

place when the text is broken into lines, and only in places that are candidate for such<br />

a break. In LuaT E X the whole text is hyphenated. This has the advantage that the steps<br />

31<br />

Modes

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