Before Jerusalem Fell

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316 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL head/king in Revelation 17:11: “And the beast which was and is not, even he is an eighth.” Of course, there is no indefinite article in Greek, but the omission of the definite article that clearly and repetitively defined the chronological series of head/kings (“the five,” “th one,” “trie one to come”) vanishes before the eighth is mentioned. Thus, the eighth is “an eighth, “ i.e., it refers not to any one particular individual, but to the revival of the Empire itself as the heads are beginning to be replaced. The Roman Empire which will later revive its persecuting relationship to Christianity in its revived form is arising from ruin. There is a very important sense in which the revival of the Empire under Vespasian, was a revival under “an eighth,” who is “of the seven.” It is the same Roman Empire that is brought to life from the death of Civil War. John’s concern is particularly with the contemporaneous events, i.e., here the Roman Civil War that occurred within the compass of the reign of the seven kings. The eighth is beyond his most pressing and immediate concern (although it is not unimportant), and thus is not specified and detailed.63 The fact that this revival is of an eighth head, however, indicates the rapid recovery of the Beast. w That recovery will come shortly after the demise of the original seven. Conclusion The revival of the Beast is a remarkable and significant aspect of Revelation’s message. Although late date advocacy presents an intriguing argument based on this phenomenon, in the final analysis it fails of its purpose. Even if the Nero Legend were in John’s mind, its seeds were planted early in Nero’s reign and its first appearance as a powerfiul influence in civil affairs occurred in A.D. 69. More importantly, a reasonable and persuasive case can be 63. Chilton has perceptively noted that the number eight is that of resurrection, for Jesus was resurrected on the eighth day, i.e., Sunday. He alludes to its significance here in showing the revival of Roman tyranny which is to come. See Chilton, Days of Vengeawe, p. 436. See also E. W. Bullinger, Tb Companion Btble (London: Samuel Baxter and Sons, rep. 1970), appendix 10, 64. The dispensationalist recognizes the importance of the fall of Rome in Revelation. But rather than seeing it as contemporaneous with the life of John and the original recipients of his book, he sees it as the fall of Rome a few hundred years later and followed millennia later by a “revived Roman Empire.” See for instance John F. Walvoord, The Revelation ofJesw Christ (Chicago: Moody, 1966), p. 9.
The Nero Redivivus Myth 317 made for a view of the relevant passages that avoids all reference to the Nero Rediviw.s myth. The earth-shaking events associated with the death of Nero and the eventual ascension of Vespasian easily fulfill the prophecies ofJohn. In light of such a plausible view, the objection against the early date on the basis of the myth must be wholly removed.
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BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL
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BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Dating the Bo
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Dedicated to Dr. Greg L. Bahnsen wh
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Publisher’s Pre
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PUBLISHER’S PREFACE by Gary North
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Publish/s Preface xi of Revelation.
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Publisher’s Preface . . . X111 Po
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Publisher’s Preface xv Th Beret o
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. . . Xvlll BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL I
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PART 1 PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS
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4 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Thus, both
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6 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Regarding t
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8 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL noted a qua
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10 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL in 1910 th
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12 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL all, as Re
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14 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Milo Conni
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I 16 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL In the s
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18 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL the two ge
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20 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Regarding
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22 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL conviction
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24 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL to exclude
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26 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL The proble
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28 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL was in tur
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30 Source Documentation We will cit
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32 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Heinrich B
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34 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Hermann Ge
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36 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL James M. M
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38 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Moses Stua
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3 INTRODUCTION TO THE EXTERNAL EVID
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Introduction to the External Eviden
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4 IRENAEUS, BISHOP OF LYONS As we b
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Irenaas, Btihop of Lyons 47 nounced
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Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyn.s 49 (i.e.,
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Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyons 51 have b
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along the lines of Chase’s: Irena
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Irenaeu.s, Bishop ofLpns 55 accept
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Irenaeu-s, Bishop of Lyons 57 tian
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Irenaeus, Bishop of Lpn.s 59 rule.
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Irenaew, Bishop of Lyon.s 61 narrat
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Irenaeus, Bishop of Lpns 63 accept
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Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyons 65 upon t
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Ireruzeus, Bishop of Lpns 67 John c
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Clement of Alexandria 69 ~17E161j y
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Clement of Alexandria 71 In the Syr
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Clement of Alexandria 73 which lay
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Clement of Alexandria 75 Another pa
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Clcm.ent of Alexandria 77 Book 8 of
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Clement of Alexandria 79 that he wa
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Clement of Alexandria 81 now as the
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Clement of Alexandria 83 of Christ,
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Clemwn.t of Alexandria 85 here at M
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Additional Extend Witnases 87 he ac
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Additional External Witnases 89 Wit
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Additional External Witnesses 91 mo
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Additional External Witnesses 93 Wi
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Additional Ext+mal Witnesses 95 als
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Additional External Witnesses 97 vi
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Additional External Witnesses 99 St
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Additional External Witnesses 101 I
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Additional Ex.%mnal Witnesses 103 p
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Additional External Witwsses 105 It
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Additional External Witnesses 107 R
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Additional External Witnesses 109 a
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7 THE ROLE OF INTERNAL EVIDENCE We
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The Role of Intemtal Euiderwe 115 l
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Tb Role of Internal Euidence 117 an
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The Role of Internal Evio%nce 119 t
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8 THE THEME OF REVELATION Although
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Tb Theme of Revelation 123 import i
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The Theme ofl?evelation 125 you als
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Tb Th of Revelation 127 Clearly, th
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Tb Thm of Rmelatwn 129 And in this
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The Thaw of Revelation 131 substanc
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9 THE TEMPORAL EXPECTATION OF THE A
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Inadequate Views Tb Tmporal Expecta
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The Tm.oral Expectation of the Auth
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The Temporal Expectation of the Aut
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Tb Temporal Expectation of the Auth
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Th Tmporal Expectation of tlu Autho
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Th Tmporal Expectation of the Autho
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Th ldenti~ of th Sixth King 147 in
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Th Identi~ of th Sixth King 149 req
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Th Identi@ of th Sixth King 151 he
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The Identip of th Sixth King 153 Ga
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The Idh.tip of the Sixth King 155 t
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The Identip of the Sixth King 157 T
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Th Identip of the Sixth King 159 by
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The ldenti~ of tb Sixth King 161 to
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The Zci2n.ti~ of t/w Sixth King 163
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11 THE CONTEMPOIURY INTEGRITY OF TH
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Th Contempora~ Integrity of th Temp
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The Conte-mPora~ lntegri~ of the Te
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The Contemporary Integtip of the Te
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Th ContemPora~ Integrip of the Temp
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The Con.temporay lntegri~ of the Te
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The Contempora~ Integri~ of the Tem
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T4.e Contempora~ Integrigv of the T
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Tb Contempora~ Integrip of tb Templ
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The Contemporap Integrip of the Tmp
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The Contemporary Integrip of tfw Tm
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Tb Contempora~ Integtip of the Temp
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The ContemPora~ Integtip of the Tem
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Tb Contanpora~ Integrip of the Tmpl
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12 THE ROLE OF NERO CAESAR In an ea
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The Role of Nero Caesar 195 In Suet
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The Role of Nero Caesar 197 051 all
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The Role of Nero Caesar 199 666. An
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T/w Role of Nero Caesar 201 them co
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Th Role of Nero Caesar 203 the Beas
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The Early Fathers The Role of Nero
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I’%e Role ofNero Caesar 207 ‘Ti
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Th Role of Nero Caesar 209 represen
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Tb Role of Nero Caaar 211 between l
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The Role of Nero Caaar 213 Hellenis
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Th Role of Nero Caesar 215 family.
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The Beast’s Red Color The Role of
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Tb Role of Nero Caesar 219 Surely N
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Th Role ofJmish Chri@izni~ 221 focu
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Tb Role ofJewtih Christiani~ 223 ci
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Tb Role ofJiwish Christianip 225 wi
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The Role ofJewish Christiani~ 227 w
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A Catena of Scholars Th Role ofJewt
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The Role ofJ2wish Christianity 231
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The Looming Jewtih War 233 ofJudaea
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Trk Looming Jewish War 235 prophesi
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Th Looming Jmish War 237 Mariamne,
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Tb Looming Jmtih War 239 Here then,
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Th Looming Jewish War 241 to histor
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Th Looming Jewish War 243 way diffe
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Tb Looming Jwish War 245 Perhaps on
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The Looming Jewish War 247 Such sho
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T/u Looming Jewish War 249 ity and
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The Looming Jewish War 251 against
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Th Looming Jewi.rh War 253 Now from
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Tb Looming Jmish War 255 With frets
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PART N ALLEGED DOMITIANIC EVIDENCES
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260 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL tions tha
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262 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Christian
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264 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL The Pre-N
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Page 304 and 305: 290 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL The Suita
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Page 314 and 315: 18 THE NERO REDIVZVUS MYTH Morris
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Page 318 and 319: 304 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL does not
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Page 332 and 333: 19 THE CONDITION OF THE SEVEN CHURC
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Page 336 and 337: 322 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL necessari
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Page 346 and 347: 20 CONCLUDING REMARKS In the field
Page 348 and 349: Concluding Remarks 335 their statem
Page 350 and 351: Concluding Remarks 337 men” to Ch
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Page 366 and 367: SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY I: MODERN WRITI
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Page 376 and 377: Select Bibliography Z: Modern Wi-it
Page 378 and 379: Select Bibliography Z: Modem Writin
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Select Bibliography 1: Modem Wi-iti
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Select Bibliography I: Modern Writi
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Select Bibliography I: Modern Writi
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ANCIENT SOURCES Agbar th King and A
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Philostratus. Li@ of Apollonius of
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380 11:6-9 11:9 19:1 34:11 46:6 48:
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382 2:40 2:41 243 2:46 3:1 3:13 3:1
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1:17 1:19 2 2:3 2:3, 13 2:4,5 2:5,
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386 226,7, 133 12,20 22:6,10, 164 1
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388 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Brown, Da
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390 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Harrison,
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392 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL 66n, 286n
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394 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Volter, 1
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396 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Papias (S
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398 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL identity,
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400 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Rome - em
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402 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL James the
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Music, 273. Mystery, 11, 105, 146,
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406 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Province(
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408 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL Snake(s)
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Before Jerusalem Fell

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