Before Jerusalem Fell
by Kenneth L. Gentry by Kenneth L. Gentry
T/u Looming Jewish War 249 ity and iniquity of Jerusalem during these final days. The cruelty especially of the seditious leaders of the revolt (the sicarii, or zealots) increased rapidly as the final pall of doom settled over the exhausted, terrified, starving, dying, and doomed masses: The madness of the seditious did also increase together with their famine, and both those miseries were every day inflamed more and more. . . . 50 It is therefore impossible to go distinctly over every instance of these men’s iniquity. I shall therefore speak my mind here at once briefly: – That neither did any other city ever suffer such miseries, nor did any age ever breed a generation more fruitful in wickedness than this was from the beginning of the world. . . . 5 1 And here I cannot but speak my mind, and what the concern I am under dictates to me, and it is this: — I suppose that had the Remans made any longer delay in coming against those villains, the city would either have been swallowed up by the ground opening upon them, or been overflowed by water, or else been destroyed by such thunder as the country of Sodom perished by, for it had brought forth a generation of men much more atheistical than were those that suffered such punishments; for by their madness it was that all the people came to be destroyed .52 Surely such barbarous conduct against their own families and friends is evidence of the fulfillment of Jesus’ prophecy of covenantal curse in Matthew 12:40.53 Had not Jesus spoken to the leaders of the Jews and said they were of their father the devil (John 8:44)? Stier is not amiss in his summary of the condition of the Jews who set themselves “against the Lord and His anointed” (Acts 4:25ff.) in the first century: “In the period between the ascension of Christ and the destruction of Jerusalem, this nation shows itsel~ one might say, as if possessed by seven thousand devils. “5 4 This condition became even more dramatically evident in the final days of the defense of Jerusalem, as Henderson rightly obsemed: “Meanwhile that unhappy city during all this year of grace had been prey to the most bloody 50. Wan 5:10:2. 51. Wars 5:10:5. 52. Wars 5:13:6. 53. For other Josephianic references, see Wan 5:1 :1; 5:1 :4-5; 5: 12:4; 68:5. 54. In Reden Jew 2:187. Cited in Russell, Parwsia, p. 412n.
250 BEFORE JERUSALEM FELL anarchy and demoniacal fanaticism. “5 5 So here we have in Revelation a time period of five months that is of demonic character. The striking applicability of Revelation 9 to the five month siege of Jerusalem by Titus is surely confirmatory of the identi$ing of the Revelational prophecies with the events of the Jewish War. That being the case, this passage serves also as a subsidiary demonstration of the pre-A.D. 70 date of Revelation. Revelation 11:2 This verse has been dealt with rather extensively previously, nevertheless, we will now address the time-frame element contained within it. The verse reads: “And leave out the court which is outside the temple, and do not measure it, for it has been given to the nations; and they will tread under foot the holy city for forty-two months.” Here stands a specifically defined era during which the “holy city” (i.e., Jerusalem, the historical capital and geographical center of Israel) will be down-trodden. This periodic statement is followed up by its equivalent in the next verse, which speaks of 1260 days (42 months x 30 days each = 1260 days). If, indeed, the pre-A.D. 70 date is correct, then this time-frame must somehow comport with the Jewish War. Now a most interesting historical fact throws light upon this passage, if we hold the pre-A.D. 70 date. And that fact is that it took almost exactly forty-two months for Rome to get into a position to destroy the Temple in the Jewish War of A.D. 67-70. Now it is true that the Jewish Revolt, at least from the Jewish side, actually began with a series of events caused by the overbearing and careless Roman procurator Gessius Florus from May through November in the year 66. 56 Because of the procurator’s mismanagement, Neapolitanus, a Roman military tribune, was sent from Antioch by Cestius Gallus, the Roman governor of Syria, to urge restraint upon the Jews. 57 The effort was in vain, for by November, Cestius Gallus had to march 55. B. W. Henderson, 2% Lt~e and Pritipate of thz Empswr Nero (London: Methuen, 1903), p. 374. 56. Including scattered riots, the cessation of sacrifices for the emperor, and sporadic warfare. See Reicke, Nao Testarrwnt Era, pp. 254K. Bruce, Histmy, pp. 378K. Henderson, Lzfi and Prin@ak, pp. 368ff. W. H. C. Frend, The Rire of Christiaai~ (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1984)> pp. 12~. 57. Josephus, Wars 2:14-17.
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T/u Looming Jewish War 249<br />
ity and iniquity of <strong>Jerusalem</strong> during these final days. The cruelty<br />
especially of the seditious leaders of the revolt (the sicarii, or zealots)<br />
increased rapidly as the final pall of doom settled over the exhausted,<br />
terrified, starving, dying, and doomed masses:<br />
The madness of the seditious did also increase together with their<br />
famine, and both those miseries were every day inflamed more and<br />
more. . . . 50<br />
It is therefore impossible to go distinctly over every instance of these<br />
men’s iniquity. I shall therefore speak my mind here at once<br />
briefly: – That neither did any other city ever suffer such miseries,<br />
nor did any age ever breed a generation more fruitful in wickedness<br />
than this was from the beginning of the world. . . . 5<br />
1<br />
And here I cannot but speak my mind, and what the concern I am<br />
under dictates to me, and it is this: — I suppose that had the Remans<br />
made any longer delay in coming against those villains, the city would<br />
either have been swallowed up by the ground opening upon them, or<br />
been overflowed by water, or else been destroyed by such thunder as<br />
the country of Sodom perished by, for it had brought forth a generation<br />
of men much more atheistical than were those that suffered such<br />
punishments; for by their madness it was that all the people came to<br />
be destroyed .52<br />
Surely such barbarous conduct against their own families and<br />
friends is evidence of the fulfillment of Jesus’ prophecy of covenantal<br />
curse in Matthew 12:40.53 Had not Jesus spoken to the leaders of the<br />
Jews and said they were of their father the devil (John 8:44)? Stier is<br />
not amiss in his summary of the condition of the Jews who set<br />
themselves “against the Lord and His anointed” (Acts 4:25ff.) in the<br />
first century: “In the period between the ascension of Christ and the<br />
destruction of <strong>Jerusalem</strong>, this nation shows itsel~ one might say, as<br />
if possessed by seven thousand devils. “5 4<br />
This condition became even<br />
more dramatically evident in the final days of the defense of <strong>Jerusalem</strong>,<br />
as Henderson rightly obsemed: “Meanwhile that unhappy city<br />
during all this year of grace had been prey to the most bloody<br />
50. Wan 5:10:2.<br />
51. Wars 5:10:5.<br />
52. Wars 5:13:6.<br />
53. For other Josephianic references, see Wan 5:1 :1; 5:1 :4-5; 5: 12:4; 68:5.<br />
54. In Reden Jew 2:187. Cited in Russell, Parwsia, p. 412n.