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SESSION 5: DISEASE CONTROL AND FORECASTING MODELS
Influence of agricultural practices on Fusarium spp.
and mycotoxin contamination of Norwegian cereals
I. S. Hofgaard, T. Seehusen, H. U. Aamot, U. Abrahamsen, J. Razzaghian, V.
Hong Le, H. Riley, E. Strand, B. Holen, E. Gauslaa, T. K. Sundgren, M.
Åssveen, B. Nordskog, H. S. Steen, G. Brodal
Bioforsk, Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, NORWAY
E-mail: ingerd.hofgaard@bioforsk.no
Fusarium diseases in cereals and associated mycotoxin contamination of grains
are causing increasing problems for growers, livestock producers and the food
and feed industries in Norway. Besides weather factors, such as rainfall and
temperature in the critical periods around flowering and preharvest, inoculum
production and disease development are also influenced by agricultural practices.
From 2011, all oat grain lots in Norway have been analysed for deoxynivalenol
(DON) at delivery. Within one season, median values of DON content in oat grain
lots differed between municipalities from less than 750 µg/kg, to above 3000
µg/kg (year 2011 and 2012).
Bioforsk and the Norwegian Agricultural Extension Service are performing several
field trials to study the effects of tillage practice, crop rotation, and chemical and
biological control treatments on the development of Fusarium spp. and mycotoxin
in cereals. In addition, mycotoxin contents (DON and HT2/T2) have been
analysed for oats, wheat and barley from current official cultivar trials. In a three
year study (2010-2012), various types of soil management have been compared
to determine whether the amount of crop debris and tillage practice influences the
survival of Fusarium spp. in residues. High incidence of F. avenaceum has been
registered in crop debris collected from these fields. F. graminearum is also
commonly observed. Results on Fusarium incidence in plant debris and
mycotoxin contamination of the subsequent crops of oats and spring wheat will be
presented. Field trials with integrated pest management in spring wheat were
established at five locations in 2010. Oilseed rape, peas and field beans are
included in the rotations. Fungicide treatments have been performed according to
the disease risks forecasted by the VIPS expert system (http://www.vipslandbruk.no/).
Results will be presented on the mycotoxin contamination of
cereals harvested from plots receiving different management practices.
Keywords: HT-2, T-2, DON, IPM
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