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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION
GENETICS
Comparisons of Fusarium species obtained from
healthy and diseased wheat plants in three agroecological
regions of Turkey
B. Tunali, B. Kansu, D. Demir, F. Kılınç
Ondokuz Mayis University, Agricultural Faculty Department of Plant Protection, 55139 Atakum
Samsun, Turkey
E-mail: btunali@omu.edu.tr
This study was focused on Fusarium species in wheat plants were healthy (no
symptoms) and symptomatic with crown rot, or/and head blight (diseased) and
determine of frequency of these species on crowns and ears. In total 304 wheat
fields were surveyed in 2009, 2010 and 2012 years. Collected wheat plants were
healthy and diseased from 20 provinces of 3 agro-ecological regions in Turkey.
Fusarium species were isolated from crowns and ears of wheat and were
identified morphologically. As a result of this study, among Fusarium species, F.
oxysporum was the most frequently detected one in the endophytic species from
healthy plants; F. equiseti was the most frequently detected one from diseased
plants. There were significantly differences on number of Fusarium isolates and
distribution of Fusarium species between crowns and ears of wheat. While F.
acuminatum, F. verticillioides, F. semitectum were the most frequent species in
ears of healthy plants, F. oxysporum, F. solani and F. subglutinans were the most
frequent in crowns of healthy plants, respectively. While, F. poae, F. avenaceum
and F. graminearum were the most frequent species in ears of diseased plants, F.
equiseti, F. acuminatum, F. oxysporum and F. semitectum were most frequent in
crowns of diseased plants respectively. F. culmorum was found quite numbers in
crowns of diseased plants; but only one healthy plant was infected with F.
culmorum. After pathogenecity test none of endophytic Fusarium species shown
disease symptoms in greenhouse conditions. In 3 agro-ecologic regions of
Turkey, northwest and northern Anatolia regions have head blight disease
symptoms, but none of plants have had head blight symptoms in dryland plateau
of Central Anatolia region. We are also continuing to study on antibiosis effect on
Fusarium crown rot agents, enzyme activity and affection of plant growing ratio of
endophytic Fusarium isolates.
Key words: Endophyte, Fusarium, crown rot, head blight, agro-ecological
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