EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION<br />
GENETICS<br />
New emerging trichothecene-producing Fusarium<br />
species in northern Europe and Asia<br />
T. Yli-Mattila 1 , T. Hussien 1,3 , T. Gagkaeva 2<br />
1 Molecular Plant Biology, Department <strong>of</strong> Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University <strong>of</strong> Turku, FI-<br />
20014 Turku, Finland, 2<br />
Laboratory <strong>of</strong> Mycology and Phytopathology, All-Russian Institute <strong>of</strong> Plant<br />
Protection (VIZR), Podbelskogo 3, St. Petersburg-Pushkin, 196608, Pushkin, Russia; 3 Mycotoxins<br />
Lab, Department <strong>of</strong> Food Toxicology and Contaminant, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt<br />
E-mail: tymat@utu.fi<br />
The trichothecene-producing species can be divided into type A (e.g. T-2 and HT-<br />
2) and type B trichothecene (e.g. DON and NIV)-producers. Lineage 7 <strong>of</strong><br />
Fusarium graminearum (= F. graminearum sensu stricto) dominates in northern<br />
Europe and has been replacing the closely related F. culmorum. The 3ADON<br />
chemotype <strong>of</strong> F. graminearum is prevalent in Scandinavia, Finland and northwestern<br />
Russia, while the 15ADON chemotype <strong>of</strong> F. graminearum is more<br />
common in the more southern areas in Europe and China. Both chemotypes <strong>of</strong> F.<br />
graminearum are common in the Russian Far East together with the 3ADON<br />
chemotype <strong>of</strong> F. ussurianum and the 15ADON chemotype <strong>of</strong> F. vorosii. F. poae<br />
and F. sporotrichioides belong to type A trichothecene producers, but only a few<br />
F. poae isolates can produce small amounts <strong>of</strong> T-2 and HT-2. NIV is the main<br />
mycotoxin produced by F. poae. F. langsethiae is a new European species <strong>of</strong> type<br />
A trichothecene producer. F. langsethiae can be divided into two lineages based<br />
on molecular markers. T-2-producing F. sibiricum isolates, which are<br />
morphologically like F. poae, have a unique long TG repeat in ribosomal IGS<br />
region. F. sibiricum is distributed in Siberia and Russian Far East with two single<br />
isolates from Norway and Iran. So, it is probable that the actual distribution <strong>of</strong> F.<br />
sibiricum will be much larger than the present known distribution.<br />
The partial IGS sequence <strong>of</strong> the Iranian F. sibiricum strain is identical with other F.<br />
sibiricum strains on both sides <strong>of</strong> the long TG repeat. In F. sporotrichioides and F.<br />
langsethiae the TG repeat is 8-20 bp long, while in F. sibiricum isolates including<br />
the Norwegian and Iranian isolates it is at least 30 nucleotides long. The sizes <strong>of</strong><br />
the PCR products obtained by using primers CNL12 and IGSpulvr can be used for<br />
identification <strong>of</strong> F. sibiricum isolates.<br />
Keywords: Fusarium ussurianum, F. vorosii, F. sibiricum, ribosomal IGS<br />
sequences<br />
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