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SESSION 4: GENETICS OF HOSTS – PLANT RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM, VARIETY DEVELOPMENT P106 - Genetic variation for ear rot resistance and mycotoxin content of Polish maize elite inbreed lines after inoculation with Fusarium graminearum and F. verticillioides E. Czembor 1 , A. Waśkiewicz 2 , Ł. Stępień 3 1 Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute – NRI, Radzikow, 05-870 Blonie, Poland; 2 Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland; 3 Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland E-mail: e.czembor@ihar.edu.pl Poland is the fifth European producing country of maize, with an increasing area. Ear rots caused by Fusarium are important diseases affecting yield and causing grain mycotoxin contamination. This country has variable weather conditions – with big differences between regions and years. It is influenced by a mild oceanic climate from the west and a dry continental climate from the east. Because of this Fusarium graminearum and F. verticillioides are two ear rotting species commonly connected with maize kernel samples and their prevalence depends on environmental conditions. Inbreed lines which are commonly used in Polish breeding programmes belong mostly to 2 distinct genetic categories: flint and dent. However, lines from Lancaster, IDT and SSS groups are also introduced. One hundred inbreed lines were evaluated across 2011 – 2012. Ear rot resistance was determined separately after inoculatation with F. graminearum and F. verticillioides using tooth-picks and under natural infection. Disease severity and selection pressure after inoculation with F. graminearum was higher than after inoculation with F. verticillioides. Lancaster, IDT, SSS and SSS/IDT groups were characterized as a most susceptible. Under natural infection differences between inbreeds were also significant. Based on the obtained results group of the most resistant and most susceptible genotypes were taken to determine mycotoxin content in the kernel samples and rachis fractions (DON, ZEA and FBs) using HPLC method. The correlation coefficients between toxin content and disease scores were highly significant. Additionally the presence of Fusarium species, which colonized kernels under natural infection was determined (based on the SCAR-PCR markers and the translation elongation factor (tef-1alpha) sequences analyses). F. verticillioides was the prevalent species (>75% of samples tested contained this pathogen). The ability of F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides to produce fumonisins was confirmed by the identifiaction of the FUM1 gene presence. Keywords: ear rot resistance, maize inbreed lines, toxin content, sources of resistance 199
SESSION 4: GENETICS OF HOSTS – PLANT RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM, VARIETY DEVELOPMENT P107 - Fusarium wilt and its implications on alfalfa perenniality E. Petrescu National Agricultural Research and Development Institute Fundulea E-mail: nuti_petrescu85@yahoo.com In alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) breeding the main objectives are improve yielding, increase forage quality and levels of disease resistance. Alfalfa diseases result from the interactions between susceptible alfalfa cultivars, pathogens, a conducive environment, and occasionally from improper crop management practices. Alfalfa diseases can reduce yields, reduce forage quality, destroy stands, decrease perenniality, increase susceptibility to winter kill and other biological and environmental stresses. Developing varieties resistent to different kind of diseases is the most important alfalfa breeding objective around the world, including Romania. Alfalfa crops may be affected by different groups of pathogens causing specific symptoms as it follows: crown and root rot diseses, wilts and foliar diseases. Above the second group, Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis is the most important one. This is a soilborne, necrophitic, plant pathogenic fungus with many species that cause serious plant crop losses in the world. The fungus can survive in the soil as mycelium or as spores in the absence of its host. If a host is present, mycelium from germinating spore penetrates the host roots, enters the vascular system (xylem) in which it moves and multiplies, and causes the host to develop wilting symptoms. This is often a chronic condition, causing the plant to slowly decline. The disease usually occurs in two or more years stands and the most favourable conditions are: wet soils for long periods, frequently cutting and susceptible cultivars. The present paper reports the etiology, pathogenicity, morphology and the culture media characteristics of Fusarium wilt pathogene. The paper also represents the first step of a future project regarding the development of screening methodology and identifying the resistance sources to Fusarium wilt in Romanian alfalfa breeding material. Keywords: Alfalfa, Fusarium wilt, perenniality 200
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Bordeaux EFS12 12 th European Fusar
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome from the
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4 SPONSORSHIP The 12 th European Fu
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8 13:00 - 14:00 Lunch 14:00 - 15:00
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10 Session 4: Genetics of Hosts - P
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12 Thursday, May 16 th Session 6: F
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Evidence for birth-and-death evolut
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Future challenges of Fusarium and m
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P35 - Screening deoxynivalenol in o
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P76 - Fusarium verticillioides and
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P113 - Agronomic practices and risk
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ORAL PRESENTATIONS 25
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 1: FUSARIUM
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SESSION 1: FUSARIUM - GENETICS, GEN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 2: SECONDAR
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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS - EPIDEMIOL
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 1 SESSION 4: GENETI
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SESSION 4: GENETICS OF HOSTS - PLAN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 2 SESSION 4: GENETI
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 5: DISEASE
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SESSION 5: DISEASE CONTROL AND FORE
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SESSION 6: FUTURE CHALLENGE FOR EUR
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SESSION 6: FUTURE CHALLENGE FOR EUR
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POSTER PRESENTATIONS 91
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Page 241 and 242: de Hoog G. S., 89, 114, 236 de Kler
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Page 247 and 248: BOKU-University of Natural Resource
Page 249 and 250: touatisihem03@yahoo.fr He Xinyao In
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Subramaniam Gopal Agriculture and A
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