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SESSION 4: GENETICS OF HOSTS – PLANT RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM, VARIETY DEVELOPMENT P92 - Forthcoming development of diverse FHB and DON resistant wheat in South Africa S. Sydenham, C. De Villiers ARC-Small Grain Institute, Bethlehem, Free State Province, South Africa, Private Bag X29, 9701 E-mail: sydenhams@arc.agric.za In South Africa (SA) Fusarium head blight (FHB) has the potential to become an epidemic on spring irrigation wheat under favourable conditions. Furthermore, there are no moderate to highly tolerable FHB wheat varieties commercially available in SA yet. Additionally, no fungicide is officially registered for the control of FHB on wheat. Of major concern is the fact that deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin levels in wheat grain are not officially monitored as there is no legislation or guidance level in place. To avoid continual dependence on Sumai-3 based resistance, FHB nurseries and novel resistant wheat sources are imported annually, diversifying the available FHB resistance gene pool. Imported resistant donors/nurseries are screened by the point inoculation method in the glasshouse and are further characterised with targeted FHB resistance linked SSR markers. Only novel verified FHB resistant donor sources are selected to be used further in variety development. Targeted directional crosses for two focused programmes (one backcross focused and other gene stacking focused) are carried out in the glasshouse based on phenotypic and molecular data. Field trials of parental resistant donors and developed material will be planted in a honey-comb design and artificially inoculated (grain and liquid inoculum) under irrigation. Superior performing FHB resistant entries will be selected based on glasshouse data, field trial performance and molecular marker data. Objective of this study is to develop diverse Fusarium head blight and DON resistant adapted wheat germplasm by using a combined approach of phenotypic screening and marker-assisted selection. The ultimate goal is to successfully pyramid or stack a number of FHB QTL/genes from diverse donor sources into top performing wheat cultivars that are well adapted to South African irrigation areas, with increased FHB resistance, reduced DON accumulation, reduced kernel damage and reduced yield loss. Intended outcomes include both the successful commercial release of FHB resistant cultivars as well as a series of FHB resistant germplasm registrations. Keywords: Fusarium Head Blight, gene pyramiding, SSR markers, resistance QTL/gene 185
SESSION 4: GENETICS OF HOSTS – PLANT RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM, VARIETY DEVELOPMENT P93 - Identification and characterization of wheat genes contributing in plant resistance to the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol A. Perochon, C. Arunachalam, K. Heinrich, A. Kahla, S. Walter, G. Erard, F. Doohan Molecular Plant Microbe Interactions Group, School of Biology and environmental Science, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland E-mail: alexandre.perochon@ucd.ie We focus on identifying biochemical pathways involved in the wheat response to the Fusarium virulence factor deoxynivalenol (DON). Using functional genomics techniques, DON-responsive transcripts were identified: these included transcripts encoding a basic leucine zipper transcription factor, a multidrug resistance protein ABC transporter, cytochrome P450s and novel proteins. Based on the results, candidate genes were silenced in wheat heads using virusinduced gene silencing (VIGS). We found that heads with reduced transcript levels developed more DON-induced bleaching as compared to control treatment. These studies have also highlighted a novel, evolutionary divergent protein involved in the wheat response to DON. Transient expression and microscopy studies showed this protein fused to a fluorescent tag localised within punctate areas of the nucleus of wheat cells. Yeast two hybrid experiments suggest that this protein interacts with SnRK1 (SNF1-Related Kinase 1) and NAC transcription factors. Thus, it is likely that this novel protein is involved in genes expression regulation. We are currently characterizing these interactions and the role of this protein in plant stress responses. Keywords: mycotoxin, wheat, VIGS, protein-protein interaction 186
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Bordeaux EFS12 12 th European Fusar
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome from the
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4 SPONSORSHIP The 12 th European Fu
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8 13:00 - 14:00 Lunch 14:00 - 15:00
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10 Session 4: Genetics of Hosts - P
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12 Thursday, May 16 th Session 6: F
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Evidence for birth-and-death evolut
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Future challenges of Fusarium and m
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P35 - Screening deoxynivalenol in o
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P76 - Fusarium verticillioides and
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P113 - Agronomic practices and risk
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ORAL PRESENTATIONS 25
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 1: FUSARIUM
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SESSION 1: FUSARIUM - GENETICS, GEN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 2: SECONDAR
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SESSION 2: SECONDARY METABOLITES -
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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS - EPIDEMIOL
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 1 SESSION 4: GENETI
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SESSION 4: GENETICS OF HOSTS - PLAN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 2 SESSION 4: GENETI
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 5: DISEASE
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SESSION 5: DISEASE CONTROL AND FORE
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SESSION 6: FUTURE CHALLENGE FOR EUR
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POSTER PRESENTATIONS 91
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de Hoog G. S., 89, 114, 236 de Kler
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Ponts N., 33, 36, 82, 94, 104, 106,
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BOKU-University of Natural Resource
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touatisihem03@yahoo.fr He Xinyao In
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steve.oliver@bioc.cam.ac. uk Ortega
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Subramaniam Gopal Agriculture and A
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