EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION<br />
GENETICS<br />
P77 - Geographic distribution and multilocus analysis<br />
<strong>of</strong> Fusarium subglutinans and F. temperatum from<br />
maize worldwide<br />
A. Susca, A. Villani, G. Mulè, G. Stea, A.F. Logrieco, A. Moretti.<br />
Institute <strong>of</strong> Sciences <strong>of</strong> Food Production, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy<br />
E-mail: antonio.moretti@ispa.cnr.it<br />
Fusarium temperatum is a new described species occurring on maize in Belgium,<br />
closely related to F. subglutinans (Scauflaire et al., 2011). Both species are<br />
considered morphologically identical and associated to the Fusarium maize ear<br />
rot disease complex. Preliminary data indicate that F. temperatum and F.<br />
subglutinans correspond to the two cryptic species F. subglutinans group 1 and<br />
group 2, respectively. They have a different toxigenic pr<strong>of</strong>ile. While both species<br />
produce fusaproliferin and moniliformin, only F. temperatum produces beauvericin<br />
(Moretti et al., 2008). Geographical distribution and the correct identification <strong>of</strong><br />
these two species represent the baseline to evaluate the plant exposure to<br />
mycotoxins and possible toxigenic risk on maize. In this study, 130 strains<br />
isolated from maize worldwide and morphologically identified as F. subglutinans<br />
were studied by a multilocus sequence analysis <strong>of</strong> four independent gene regions<br />
(β-tubulin, calmodulin, RNA polymerase II and elongation factor 1α). The results<br />
obtained showed that 70 strains (54%) were identified as F. temperatum and were<br />
isolated from Australia, Germany, Italy, Netherland, Poland, Slovakia, South<br />
Africa and Turkey. On the other hand, 60 (46%) strains were identified as F.<br />
subglutinans and originated from Argentina, Germany, Italy, Poland, Serbia,<br />
South Africa, Turkey, and USA. In addition, the phylogenetic analyses showed for<br />
both species different levels <strong>of</strong> intra-specific variability, in relation to each gene,<br />
with higher level <strong>of</strong> variabillity due to the elongation factor 1α. Overall these data<br />
showed that F. temperatum and F. subglutinans are common in maize worldwide<br />
although further data are needed to confirm the absence <strong>of</strong> F. temperatum in<br />
American Continent. These results represents reason <strong>of</strong> further concern<br />
worldwide for the toxigenic risk related to consumption <strong>of</strong> maize kernel<br />
contaminated by this pathogen.<br />
Keywords: maize, phylogeny, F. subglutinans, F. temperatum<br />
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