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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION GENETICS P76 - Fusarium verticillioides and F. subglutinans mating types – distribution and molecular structure E. Jabłońska, M. Wit, W. Wakuliński Department of Plant Pathology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences; 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland E-mail: emilia.jablonska@gmail.com Fusarium genus comprises several toxigenic species associated with maize, including F. verticillioides and F. subglutinans. Both species are the members of Liseola section and causative agents of the ear rot of maize, while F. verticillioides is also considered to be the most prolific producer of fumonisins. The teleomorphs of F. verticillioides and F. subglutinans belong to the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex. Both species are heterothallic fungi with a dimictic mating system typical for numerous Ascomycota and governed by two idiomorphic alleles, MAT1-1 and MAT1-2. High genetic diversity observed in these species and the coexistence of the two mating types in fungal populations at the same geographical scale may suggest the occurrence of the so-called cryptic sex. As the proportion of the two complementary thalli of opposite mating types is an important factor for the occurrence of the sexual process in heterothallic Fusarium species, the aim of the study was to determine the frequency of both idiomorphs (MAT1-1 and MAT1-2) and to describe the MAT locus structure. For this purpose a total of ninety-nine Fusarium isolates collected from infected corn kernels were examined. On the basis of classical mycological methods of morphological identification, 47 isolates were identified as F. verticillioides, and 52 – as F. subglutinans. Subsequently, morphological identification was verified molecularly using SCAR markers. The mating type identification revealed frequency proportions different from an expected result of 1:1 distribution of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2, according to the chisquare test. In the F. subglutinans population the MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs occurred with frequency 35% and 65% respectively, while F. verticillioides mating type proportion was unexpectedly highly segregated with the ratio of 15% MAT1-1 and 85% MAT1-2. The analysis of the MAT locus structure of F. verticillioides revealed the presence of substitutions, most of them being transitions, and deletions occasionally. Keywords: Fusarium, maize, idiomorphs, mating types 169
SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION GENETICS P77 - Geographic distribution and multilocus analysis of Fusarium subglutinans and F. temperatum from maize worldwide A. Susca, A. Villani, G. Mulè, G. Stea, A.F. Logrieco, A. Moretti. Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy E-mail: antonio.moretti@ispa.cnr.it Fusarium temperatum is a new described species occurring on maize in Belgium, closely related to F. subglutinans (Scauflaire et al., 2011). Both species are considered morphologically identical and associated to the Fusarium maize ear rot disease complex. Preliminary data indicate that F. temperatum and F. subglutinans correspond to the two cryptic species F. subglutinans group 1 and group 2, respectively. They have a different toxigenic profile. While both species produce fusaproliferin and moniliformin, only F. temperatum produces beauvericin (Moretti et al., 2008). Geographical distribution and the correct identification of these two species represent the baseline to evaluate the plant exposure to mycotoxins and possible toxigenic risk on maize. In this study, 130 strains isolated from maize worldwide and morphologically identified as F. subglutinans were studied by a multilocus sequence analysis of four independent gene regions (β-tubulin, calmodulin, RNA polymerase II and elongation factor 1α). The results obtained showed that 70 strains (54%) were identified as F. temperatum and were isolated from Australia, Germany, Italy, Netherland, Poland, Slovakia, South Africa and Turkey. On the other hand, 60 (46%) strains were identified as F. subglutinans and originated from Argentina, Germany, Italy, Poland, Serbia, South Africa, Turkey, and USA. In addition, the phylogenetic analyses showed for both species different levels of intra-specific variability, in relation to each gene, with higher level of variabillity due to the elongation factor 1α. Overall these data showed that F. temperatum and F. subglutinans are common in maize worldwide although further data are needed to confirm the absence of F. temperatum in American Continent. These results represents reason of further concern worldwide for the toxigenic risk related to consumption of maize kernel contaminated by this pathogen. Keywords: maize, phylogeny, F. subglutinans, F. temperatum 170
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Bordeaux EFS12 12 th European Fusar
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome from the
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4 SPONSORSHIP The 12 th European Fu
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8 13:00 - 14:00 Lunch 14:00 - 15:00
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10 Session 4: Genetics of Hosts - P
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12 Thursday, May 16 th Session 6: F
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Evidence for birth-and-death evolut
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Future challenges of Fusarium and m
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P35 - Screening deoxynivalenol in o
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P76 - Fusarium verticillioides and
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P113 - Agronomic practices and risk
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ORAL PRESENTATIONS 25
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 1: FUSARIUM
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SESSION 1: FUSARIUM - GENETICS, GEN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 2: SECONDAR
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SESSION 2: SECONDARY METABOLITES -
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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS - EPIDEMIOL
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 1 SESSION 4: GENETI
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SESSION 4: GENETICS OF HOSTS - PLAN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 2 SESSION 4: GENETI
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 5: DISEASE
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SESSION 5: DISEASE CONTROL AND FORE
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SESSION 6: FUTURE CHALLENGE FOR EUR
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POSTER PRESENTATIONS 91
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de Hoog G. S., 89, 114, 236 de Kler
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Ponts N., 33, 36, 82, 94, 104, 106,
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BOKU-University of Natural Resource
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touatisihem03@yahoo.fr He Xinyao In
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steve.oliver@bioc.cam.ac. uk Ortega
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Subramaniam Gopal Agriculture and A
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