EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION<br />
GENETICS<br />
P69 - The French Fusarium Collection: a living<br />
resource for mycotoxin research<br />
L. Pinson-Gadais, M. Foulongne-Oriol, N. Ponts, C. Barreau, F. Richard-<br />
Forget<br />
INRA UR1264 MycSA, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, CS20032, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France<br />
E-mail: lpinson@bordeaux.inra.fr<br />
Fusaria are responsible for prejudicial diseases on cereal crops worldwide, such<br />
as crown rot and Fusarium head blight. Beyond economic losses due to infection<br />
symptoms, these pathogens can produce several types <strong>of</strong> mycotoxins that are<br />
harmful to livestock and humans. They are extremely diverse at the intra-specific<br />
levels in terms <strong>of</strong> types as well as quantities <strong>of</strong> toxins that a strain can produce.<br />
Developing appropriate strategies to limit contamination with Fusarium<br />
mycotoxins requires a greater knowledge about this variability. We have collected<br />
a large number <strong>of</strong> toxinogenic Fusarium strains. Our assortment now includes<br />
about 800 strains, mostly from the species graminearum, culmorum, verticilloides,<br />
proliferatum, and temperatum. Species were identified based on morphology and<br />
real-time PCR. More than half <strong>of</strong> our strains were further characterized for toxin<br />
production using biochemical and/or real-time PCR-based tools. We isolated<br />
about 70 F. graminearum strains from either wheat or maize grains originating<br />
from different French cereal production areas. Our results show a high<br />
representation <strong>of</strong> 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol-producing strains in our French<br />
samples. Within the same chemotype, we observe a large variability in toxin<br />
production levels. The F. graminearum strains were characterized with<br />
microsatellite markers and show a large genetic diversity. Two groups were<br />
delineated according to their genetic background, roughly corresponding to<br />
strains isolated from European one hand and America in the other hand. Our<br />
results are also in agreement with the fact that only F.graminearum sensu stricto<br />
strains seem to be detected in France so far. The demonstrated genetic and<br />
phenotypic diversity provides a sound ground for countless downstream studies<br />
such as genetic association and quantitative genetics to understand the<br />
determinism <strong>of</strong> toxin production. Such information should be doubtlessly<br />
considered in plant breeding efforts and other disease management strategies<br />
aimed at reducing the mycotoxin risk in food and feeds. Our collection is a<br />
valuable tool to improve our understanding <strong>of</strong> toxigenic diversity in Fusarium<br />
species. It is managed through a database gathering all information collected on<br />
each strain, already available upon request and soon publically available as a<br />
web-based interface.<br />
Keywords: Fusarium, mycotoxin, database, diversity<br />
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