EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION<br />
GENETICS<br />
P66 - PCR validation and chemotyping <strong>of</strong> causal<br />
Fusarium species <strong>of</strong> Fusarium head blight on south<br />
african wheat<br />
N. Baloyi 1 , S. L. Sydenham 1 , C. I. P. De Villiers 1 , M. Gryzenhout 2<br />
1 ARC-Small Grain Institute, Bethlehem, Free State Province, South Africa, Private Bag X29, 9701;<br />
2 Department <strong>of</strong> Plant Sciences, University <strong>of</strong> the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State Province, South<br />
Africa, P.O. Box 339, 9300<br />
E-Mail: sydenhams@arc.agric.za<br />
Species identification and chemotyping <strong>of</strong> 203 single spore isolates collected from<br />
Fusarium head blight (FHB) symptomatic wheat spikes from four widespread and<br />
representative localities (Dundee, Groblersdal, Frankfort and Vaalharts) were<br />
validated using molecular assays. Single spore isolates were plated on potato<br />
dextrose agar (PDA). DNA was extracted with the modified<br />
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method (Saghai-Maro<strong>of</strong> et al. 1984).<br />
Species-specific primers were used for PCR analysis (Obanor et al. 2012). The<br />
presence <strong>of</strong> mycotoxins, NIV, 3-ADON and 15-ADON, was determined using tri12<br />
and tri13 PCR primers. PCR products were run on 2% agarose gels stained with<br />
GR-green and sizes were determined with a 100bp DNA ladder.<br />
Three Fusarium species were identified: F. graminearum, F. boothii and F.<br />
pseudograminearum. In Frankfort both F. graminearum and F.<br />
pseudograminearum where found. F.graminearum and F.boothii were both found<br />
in Groblesdal. Dundee and Vaalharts only had F.graminearum present. F.<br />
graminearum was the predominant causal species <strong>of</strong> FHB on wheat in all four<br />
localities. Two trichothecene types, 15-ADON and NIV, were detected among the<br />
isolates, with the 15-ADON type predominating in all the localities. No 3-ADON<br />
producing isolates were found. These results identifying F. graminearum as the<br />
predominant casual species <strong>of</strong> Fusarium head blight on wheat in South Africa<br />
correlate well with findings published by Boutigny et al. (2011). This information<br />
will help breeders and pathologists safeguard wheat, enabling them to target<br />
useful/appropriate resistance against the specific causal Fusarium species.<br />
Additionally, it will help with the establishment <strong>of</strong> a Fusarium isolate collection to<br />
be kept at the ARC-SGI for future reference.<br />
Keywords: chemotype, F. graminearum, species-specific primers, trichothecenes<br />
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