EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION<br />
GENETICS<br />
P63 - Interspecific and intraspecific variability <strong>of</strong><br />
Fusarium fungi<br />
T. Kolomiets, L. Pankratova, E. Kovalenko<br />
All-Russian Research Institute <strong>of</strong> Phytopathology; Moscow region, Odintsovo district, str. Institute, b.5,<br />
VNIIF; Moscow Russia<br />
E-mail: lomi1@yandex.ru<br />
Pathogen fungi <strong>of</strong> genus Fusarium causing fusarium head blight, root rot and<br />
snow mold <strong>of</strong> wheat have the high genetic variability. Samples from infected<br />
plants consist <strong>of</strong> several species and special forms which are different by<br />
morphology and cultural traits, sporulation ability, pathogenicity and phytotoxicity.<br />
There were 2-7 morphotypes <strong>of</strong> each Fusarium species identified by the long-time<br />
observation <strong>of</strong> morphology and cultural traits. The correlation between<br />
sporulation ability and morphology <strong>of</strong> Fusarium isolates was not shown. The<br />
reliable differences were shown for pathogenicity and phytotoxicity between<br />
Fusarium spp. F. sporotrichioides and F. sambucinum(Gibberella pulicaris) have<br />
the high level <strong>of</strong> pathogenicity. The maximum <strong>of</strong> phytotoxicity was demonstrated<br />
for F. graminearum (G.zea) and F.nivalis (Monographella nivalis). The moderate<br />
level <strong>of</strong> pathogenicity and phytotoxicity was demonstrated for F. oxysporum and<br />
F. culmorum. Pathogenic and toxic fungi were presented during the whole <strong>of</strong><br />
vegetation <strong>of</strong> wheat cultivars. Fusarium fungi have the high intraspecific<br />
variability. A sample from 19 isolates <strong>of</strong> F. graminearum was composed from 10<br />
isolates with high phytotoxicity, from 8 without any phytotoxicity, and a single with<br />
moderate phytotoxicity. A sample from 13 isolates <strong>of</strong> F. oxysporum consisted <strong>of</strong> a<br />
single isolate with moderate phytotoxicity, 6 isolates with low phytotoxicity and 6<br />
isolates without any phytotoxicity. Isolates with high toxicity have not always high<br />
pathogenicity. There were 3 isolates <strong>of</strong> F. graminearum without any pathogenicity<br />
and 6 with moderate pathogenicity from the total sample <strong>of</strong> high toxigenic<br />
isolates. Two directly contrary isolates <strong>of</strong> F. сulmorum were selected by<br />
pathogenicity and phytotoxicity. They are pathogenic but they have low<br />
phytotoxicity up to nothing. No isolates with complex <strong>of</strong> high pathogenicity and<br />
phytotoxicity were identified through Fusarium fungi from wheat.<br />
Keywords: Fusarium, variability, pathogenicity, phytotoxicity<br />
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