EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION<br />
GENETICS<br />
P61 - Fusarium head blight <strong>of</strong> wheat in Algeria:<br />
Preliminary investigations into the relationship with<br />
some isolates and cultivars resistance<br />
S. Hattab–Touati 1 , C. Barreau 2 , Z. Bouznad 3<br />
1 Université Tlijène Laghouat, Algeria; 2 INRA UR MycSA, 71 avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883<br />
Villenave d’Ornon, France; 3 Laboratoire de Phytopathologie et Biologie moléculaire, ENSA El Harrach,<br />
Alger<br />
E-mail: z.bouznad@ensa.dz<br />
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an important fungal disease <strong>of</strong> wheat, where it may<br />
contribute to a significant reduction in crop and are therefore <strong>of</strong> great economic<br />
importance. These Fusarium spp have also a potential to produce mycotoxins that<br />
cause a potential health risk when contaminated grain. Also there are numerous<br />
reports on how species differentially respond to different isolates and cultivars. In<br />
Algeria there are two species which are frequently isolated from infected ear and<br />
seeds: F. graminearum and F. culmorum, with a higher frequence for the later<br />
species. During two last years, several experiments were carried out with four<br />
isolates <strong>of</strong> F. culmorum inoculated in field on common cultivated varieties, to<br />
determine their potential chemotype to produce toxins and to investigate into the<br />
relationship with their aggressiveness and cultivars resistance.<br />
The results obtained by PCR Taq Man using a specific probe both " chemotype "<br />
known for F. culmorum suggest that isolates T52006 and T72007 have the<br />
capacity to produce Nivalenol and Fusarenone X toxins (chemotype NIV / FX) and<br />
isolate BD2011 and BT2011 produces Deoxynivalenol and deoxynivalenol 3-<br />
Acetyl (chemotype DON / 3-ADON). The toxinogenic potential was also looked for<br />
in vitro on sterile grains <strong>of</strong> rice; the analyses <strong>of</strong> the TCTB by HPLC / DAD allowed<br />
to confirm the chemotypes <strong>of</strong> 4 isolates and to determine their toxinogenic<br />
potential. It is shown that 2 isolates <strong>of</strong> chemotype DON/ 3-ADON produce levels<br />
<strong>of</strong> toxin much superior to those NIV / FX isolates.<br />
A quantification <strong>of</strong> Trichothecens B ( TCTB) by HPLC / DAD on 104 samples <strong>of</strong><br />
grains obtained from ears <strong>of</strong> 8 varieties inoculated in field, showed well and<br />
confirmed that isolates T52006 and T72007 produces NIV and FX toxins, while<br />
isolates BD2011 and BT2011 produce DON and 3-ADON toxins. The levels <strong>of</strong><br />
NIV / FX are clearly lower than the levels <strong>of</strong> DON / ADON. The 8 varieties <strong>of</strong><br />
wheat showed a significant variation in the level <strong>of</strong> accumulation, otherwise these<br />
first results show that there is a correlation between the level <strong>of</strong> invasion <strong>of</strong> the<br />
grain and the quantity <strong>of</strong> accumulated toxin.<br />
Keywords: Wheat, Fusarium head blight, F. culmorum, Trichothecenes B (TCTB)<br />
154