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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION
GENETICS
P60 - Fusarium mycotoxin contamination and
Fusarium species in Polish wheat in 2010-2012
P. Ochodzki, T. Góral, I. Grzeszczak
Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute NRI, Radzików, 05-870
Blonie, Poland;
E-mail: p.ochodzki@ihar.edu.pl
Monitoring of cereals contamination by mycotoxins and fungi play an important
role in food safety control system in Poland. In three consecutive years 2010-
2012 grain of two winter wheat varieties: Bogatka (resistant) and Muszelka
(susceptible) and one winter durum wheat cv. Komnata (very susceptible) from
the Research Centre for Cultivar Testing experimental stations (26, 32 and 23
respectively) were collected and analyzed. Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK %),
Fusarium species profile and content of main mycotoxins in grain were analyzed.
Trichothecenes B content in 2010 was relatively low and reached 0,132 ppm
(0,099-0,345 ppm) for Bogatka and 0,171 (0,105-651ppm) for Muszelka. Among
Fusarium species dominated trichothecenes B and zearalenone-producing F.
graminearum. Other species (F. culmorum, F. poae, F. langsethiae, F.
avenaceum) occurred in a lower extent. In 2011 trichothecenes B content was
higher and reached 0,171 (0,014-0,793) 0,533 (0,036-2,304) and 1,994 ( 0,065-
4,670) for Bogatka, Muszelka and Komnata, respectively, with similar distribution
of Fusarium species.
Year 2012 was most favourable for Trich B production, with an average content
Trich B 0,264 ppm (0,015-1,370), 0,736 ppm (0,021-2,669) and 3,344 (1,259-
9,229) ppm in Bogatka, Muszelka and Komnata, respectively. Most prevalent
mycotoxin detected in grain was DON, while DON- derivaties and NIV were
detected in much lower concentration In some of samples, mainly cv. Komnata
in T-2 toxin was detected in appreciable amount in 2011 and 2012.
Results clearly showed high variability of all of traits in years, but also strong
differences between varieties and localizations. Most resistant variety in terms of
mycotoxin contamination and FDK scores was Bogatka, while both Muszelka nad
Komnata revealed high susceptibility to Fusarium.
Results shows need for further improvement of wheat resistance, especially in a
case of durum wheat.
Project was financially supported by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural
Development
Keywords: Fusarium, mycotoxins, trichothecenes, resistance, wheat, durum
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