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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION GENETICS P56 - Fusarium species associated to durum wheat during 2011-2012 L. Gargouri Kammoun 1,2 , K. Ferchichi 3 , M. Rabeh Hajlaoui 2 1 Higher school of Agriculture of Kef, University of Jendouba, Tunisia; 2 Laboratory of biotechnology applied to agriculture, the National Institute for Agricultural Research, INRA Tunisia, Rue Hedi Karray, 2049 Ariana, University of Carthage Tunisia; 3 Higher school of Agriculture of Mograne, University of Carthage, Tunisia E-mail: lobna_kammoun@yahoo.fr Fusarium head blight is a divesting disease spread throughout the world, and it occurred previously in Northern Tunisia. Environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation, air humidity are mainly responsible for the occurrence of Fusarium species. In 2011 and 2012, the rainy and warm weather was very favorable for the occurrence and development of Fusarium Head Blight in durum wheat particularly in the region of Bizerte situated at the North of Tunisia. The aim of this study is: to evaluate the development of the disease during this crowing season, to identify the fungi associated with this disease, to study the pathogenesis of seed germination and scaling ears. Analysis of Deoxynivalenol accumulation by ELISA test was also made for harvested grains, and after ear’s artificial inoculation. Morphological identification of fungi from grain revealed the presence of Fusarium culmorum (80%), F. pseudograminearum (18%), and Microdochium nivale var. (2%). After that, F. culmorum which is the mostly isolated was tested at different spore suspensions on seed germination, and on artificially inoculation of ears under controlled conditions. Results showed the impact of this fungus on yield. In fact its presence in wheat causes a decrease of germination and grain’s weight. Detection of deoxynivalenol by the ELISA test using the Kit Readascreen DON revealed the presence of low levels DON ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 ppm. Keywords: Fusarium head blight, wheat, ELISA 149
SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION GENETICS P57 - Analysis of the Fusarium graminearum species complex in Brazil shows high diversity and changes in species prevalence affected by host and geographic region E. M. Del Ponte 1 , T. J. Ward 2 , D. J. Tessmann 3 P. R. Kuhnem 1 , C. N. Silva 3 , L. B. Gomes 1 , P. Spolti 1 , C. P. Nicoli 1 1 UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 7712, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil; 2 USDA-ARS 1815 N. University St., 61604, Peoria, IL, USA; 3 UEM, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil E-mail: emerson.delponte@ufrgs.br A deeper understanding of F. graminearum species complex (FGSC) diversity in central and southern Brazil based on the analysis of a large number (n=1050) of isolates distributed in four new populations that were obtained between 2009 and 2011 from: 1) diseased heads from >150 wheat fields (n= 663 strains); 2) maize kernels from fields at both central and southern regions (n=104); 3) maize stubble showing perithecia obtained from 20 cultivated and non-cultivated fields (n=271); and 4) rice kernels from fields in the southern growing-region (n=12). Multilocus genotyping (MLGT) was used to determine species identity and trichothecene genotypes for most isolates. For those from maize kernels, partial gene sequences of TEF, tri3 and tri12 were used. For the wheat population, it was found that F. graminearum with a 15-ADON genotype was dominant (83%), followed by F. meridionale with a NIV genotype (12.8%), F. cortaderiae with mostly NIV and a few 3-acetyl deoxynivalenol (3-ADON) (2.6%), F. austroamericanum with mostly 3-ADON and a few NIV (1.2%) and F. asiaticum with the NIV genotype (0.4%). Frequency of F. meridionale in wheat increased with the decrease of latitudes. For the maize kernel population, F. meridionale was dominant (72%), followed by F. graminearum with the 15-ADON genotype (14.5%) and F. cortaderiae with the 3-ADON and NIV genotypes (13.5%). For the maize stubble population, F. meridionale was dominant (50%), followed by F. graminearum with the 15-ADON genotype (30%) and F. cortaderiae with the NIV and 3-ADON genotypes (20%). For both maize populations, higher diversity was found at higher latitude and elevation. Finally, F. asiaticum with the NIV genotype was the sole species found in rice kernels. These results show that several species coexist in the subtropical to tropical agricultural regions of Brazil where host and geographic (climatic) region shape species composition. Keywords: Gibberella zeae, multilocus genotype, trichothecenes 150
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Bordeaux EFS12 12 th European Fusar
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome from the
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4 SPONSORSHIP The 12 th European Fu
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8 13:00 - 14:00 Lunch 14:00 - 15:00
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10 Session 4: Genetics of Hosts - P
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12 Thursday, May 16 th Session 6: F
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Evidence for birth-and-death evolut
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Future challenges of Fusarium and m
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P35 - Screening deoxynivalenol in o
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P76 - Fusarium verticillioides and
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P113 - Agronomic practices and risk
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ORAL PRESENTATIONS 25
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 1: FUSARIUM
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SESSION 1: FUSARIUM - GENETICS, GEN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 2: SECONDAR
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SESSION 2: SECONDARY METABOLITES -
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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS - EPIDEMIOL
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 1 SESSION 4: GENETI
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SESSION 4: GENETICS OF HOSTS - PLAN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 2 SESSION 4: GENETI
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 5: DISEASE
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SESSION 5: DISEASE CONTROL AND FORE
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SESSION 6: FUTURE CHALLENGE FOR EUR
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POSTER PRESENTATIONS 91
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de Hoog G. S., 89, 114, 236 de Kler
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Ponts N., 33, 36, 82, 94, 104, 106,
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BOKU-University of Natural Resource
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touatisihem03@yahoo.fr He Xinyao In
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steve.oliver@bioc.cam.ac. uk Ortega
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Subramaniam Gopal Agriculture and A
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