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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION
GENETICS
P55 - Occurrence of Fusarium species isolated from
Barley and Bread wheat grain and detection of
Deoxynivalenol in Northern Tunisia
L. Gargouri Kammoun 1,2 , M. Mnari-Hattab 1 , M. Ghanmi 1 , M. Rabeh Hajlaoui 1
1 Laboratory of biotechnology applied to agriculture, the National Institute for Agricultural Research,
INRA Tunisia, Rue Hedi Karray, 2049 Ariana, University of Carthage Tunisia; 2 Higher school of
Agriculture of Kef, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
E-mail: lobna_kammoun@yahoo.fr
Cereals contaminated by Fusarium sp. and their mycotoxins, e.g. deoxynivalenol
(DON) cause a variety of toxic effects on humans and animal health throughout
the world. This study examines the occurrence and the influence of Fusarium
infection levels of barley and bread wheat grain on its quality. This study was
carried in Northern Tunisia in 2011 and 2012 crop year. Five regions including
Beja, Jendouba, Bizerte, Zaghouan, and Tunis were prospected. Twenty fields
were visited and morphological identification showed that 85% were identified as
Fusarium culmorum, 10% as F. pseudograminearum, and 5% as F. avenaceum
from Barley. However, only 30% were identified as F. culmorum from bread
wheat. The amounts of trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON) in harvested grains
collected from these fields were determined by RIDASCREEN DON Enzyme
Immunoassay kit (ELISA). Results indicated that the level of DON contamination
in the positive samples was low, with a range of 0.2-1 ppm (mean 0.256 ppm) in
60% of barley samples, and range of 0.5-1 ppm (mean 0.3 ppm) in 30% of bread
wheat samples. This is the first study with indicate the occurrence of Fusarium
species on barley and bred wheat. Through our analysis we confirm the
increasing importance of F. culmorum on cereals in Tunisia.
Keywords: Fusarium, Barley, bread, wheat, DON
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