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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION GENETICS P48 - Study of in vitro growth and pathogenicity of some isolates of Fusarium spp. causal agent of Fusarium head scab (FBH) of wheat in Algeria R. Renane Département of botanique Institut national Agronomique (INA), El Harrach, Algiers, Algeria, E-mail: rracha8@yahoo.fr The study of the effect of temperature on in vitro growth of Fusarium spp. isolates obtained from wheat spike exhibiting typical symptoms of head scab (ear blight) showed that the optimum growth was at 25°C for all isolates belonging to the four species of the Fusarium genus. The species were F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. moniliforme and F. solani; with a lack of growth of all isolates at 35°C. Among the species studied, the F. culmorum isolates showed the highest rates of growth at all temperatures tested (15, 20, 25 and 30°C). It was also noticed that the growth rate of the four species studied increased between 20 and 25°C, and decreased between 25 and 30°C. Pathogenicity tests of Fusarium spp. isolates were carried out in vitro and in planta. The pathogenicity test in vitro was assessed by examining the coleoptile growth rate of wheat seedlings. The results obtained showed that all Fusarium spp. isolates were pathogenic. These induced retardation in coleoptile growth compared to the control at 20, 25 and 30°C. The most pathogenic of the four species was F. moniliforme isolates which conferred a complete reduction in coleoptile growth (100 %) at 25°C and 30°C. For the other isolates the highest rate of reduction in coleoptile growth was (95.92 %) for F. culmorum and 95.26% for F. avenaceum at 25°C, while the highest rate of reduction 95.28% for F. solani was obtained at 30°C. Pathogenicity carried out by soil inoculation and evaluated by the severity attack at the collar level estimated by a disease scale from 0 to 3 showed that the highest disease index (2.58) was conferred by F. avenaceum isolates, followed by F. moniliforme (1.28), F. solani (1) and least by F. culmorum (0.53). Results obtained in this study showed that there is no correlation between in vitro growth and agressiveness of Fusarium isolates used in this study and also between agressiveness assessed by the reduction in coleoptile growth and the attack at the collar level. Furthermore it was shown that Fusarium isolates which induced head scab of wheat was also aggressive on root and collar of wheat. Keywords: wheat, Fusarium, Trichoderma , biological control 141
SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS – EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION GENETICS P49 - Pathogenicity of Fusarium temperatum and Fusarium subglutinans on maize stalk and ear under artificial inoculation under field conditions J. Lević 1 , F. Munaut 2 , J. Scauflaire 2 , S. Stanković 1 , D. Ivanović 1 , V. Krnjaja 3 1 Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade-Zemun, S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia; 2 Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Laboratory of Mycology, Mycothèque de l’Université catholique de Louvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2, L7.05.06, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; 3 Institute for Animal Husbandry, Autoput 16, 11080, Belgrade-Zemun, Republic of Serbia E-mail: jlevic@mrizp.rs Pathogenicity of Fusarium temperatum, a new species morphologically similar and phylogenetically closely related to F. subglutinans, was observed on stalk and ear of maize (Zea mays L.). In 2010, this species was established in the culture collection of the Maize Research Institute, stored since 2004. Based on interspecies mating compatibility analyses and confirmed with AFLP fingerprint profiles (done by Munaut), two of 20 tested F. subglutinans isolates belonged to the species F. temperatum. These isolates originated from sorghum (Sorghum bicolour (L.) Moench.) grain. In 2011 and 2012, pathogenicity of 20 (2 F. temperatum and 18 F. subglutinans, respectively) and 4 isolates (2 of each F. temperatum F. and F. subglutinans), respectively, was tested on stalk and ear of two maize hybrids. The artificial inoculation of stalk was done by insertion of a Fusarium-inoculated toothpick into the second internode 7 days after silking. Control plants were inoculated with a sterile toothpick. After 6 weeks, disease intensity was evaluated on the stalk longitudinal section by the 0-6 scale (0 - necrosis localised at the inoculation spot; 6 - necrosis spreads to other internodes). Ear inoculation was done with 2-ml spore suspension in silk channels 3-5 days after silking. Control plants were treated with 2 ml sterile water. The disease intensity was assessed on ears immediately prior to harvest, according to the 1-7 scale (1 - no symptoms; 7 - 76-100% infected kernels). There were not statistically significant differences in pathogenicity between isolates of F. temperatum and F. subglutinans, either on stalk or ear. Differences in hybrids responses and symptoms that isolates of fungal species caused on stalks and ears were poorly visible. According to our knowledge, the F. temperaturm occurrence on sorghum seed as well as its pathogenicity on maize ear and stalk are detected for the first time in the world. Keywords: F. temperatum, F. subglutinans, maize, sorghum 142
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Bordeaux EFS12 12 th European Fusar
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome from the
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4 SPONSORSHIP The 12 th European Fu
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8 13:00 - 14:00 Lunch 14:00 - 15:00
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10 Session 4: Genetics of Hosts - P
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12 Thursday, May 16 th Session 6: F
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Evidence for birth-and-death evolut
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Future challenges of Fusarium and m
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P35 - Screening deoxynivalenol in o
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P76 - Fusarium verticillioides and
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P113 - Agronomic practices and risk
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ORAL PRESENTATIONS 25
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 1: FUSARIUM
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SESSION 1: FUSARIUM - GENETICS, GEN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 2: SECONDAR
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SESSION 2: SECONDARY METABOLITES -
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SESSION 3: PATHOGENESIS - EPIDEMIOL
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 1 SESSION 4: GENETI
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SESSION 4: GENETICS OF HOSTS - PLAN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 2 SESSION 4: GENETI
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 5: DISEASE
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SESSION 5: DISEASE CONTROL AND FORE
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SESSION 6: FUTURE CHALLENGE FOR EUR
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de Hoog G. S., 89, 114, 236 de Kler
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Ponts N., 33, 36, 82, 94, 104, 106,
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BOKU-University of Natural Resource
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touatisihem03@yahoo.fr He Xinyao In
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steve.oliver@bioc.cam.ac. uk Ortega
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Subramaniam Gopal Agriculture and A
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