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SESSION 2: SECONDARY METABOLITES – BIOCHEMISTRY,
BIOSYNTHESIS, FEED AND FOOD SAFETY
P32 - Chemotype diversity and pathogenicity of
Fusarium graminearum species complex originating
from Serbian cereals grain
S. Stanković 1 , A. Obradović 1 , J. Lević 1 , G. Vuković 2 , V. Krnjaja 3
1 Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade-Zemun, S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, Republic of
Serbia; 2 Institute of Public Health, Boulevard of Despot Stefan 54a, 11000 Belgrade, Republic of
Serbia 3 Institute for Animal Husbandry, Autoput 16, 11080, Belgrade-Zemun, Republic of Serbia
E-mail: sstojkov@mrizp.rs
Members of the Fusarium graminearum species complex are important plant
pathogens and belong to one of at least thirteen phylogenetically distinct species.
These species cause Fusarium head blight or scab of wheat, barley and rice, and
ear rot of maize. In addition to quantitative yield losses, harvested grain sustains
qualitative problems of contamination with mycotoxins such as nivalenol (NIV),
deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetylated forms (3AcDON and 15AcDON). In this
study, pathogenicity, trichothecene chemotype and toxin potential of fifty F.
graminearum sensu lato isolates collected from wheat, maize and barley kernels
in 47 localities in Serbia was examined. Chemotyping of investigated isolates was
done by LC-MS analyses of extracts from cultures inoculated onto maize and
wheat kernels. Mycotoxin production potential of isolates was analyzed by ELISA
(enzyme–linked immunosorbent assays). The assays were carried out according
to the manufacturer’s instructions. (Tecna S.r.l., Italy). Pathogenicity of the
investigated isolates was tested in vivo (field conditions) and in vitro (laboratory
conditions). In the field test, pathogenicity was assessed after silk channel
inoculation with a conidial suspension of each investigated isolates prepared with
siglespored cultures. The primary ears of the ten plants per replication were
inoculated at 5 days post-silk emergence with inoculum prepared as previously
described Raid et al. (1992). In vitro, detached leaf assays involving artificial
inoculation of wounded wheat leaves of 2-week-old seedlings (Imathiu et al,
2009). Three isolate out of fifty belonged to 3AcDON chemotype, and all the
others to 15AcDON chemotype. On average, 3AcDON isolates produced the
highest, but statistically no significant, concentration of trichothecene. No
significant positive correlation was found between the isolates pathogenicity and
toxin production in both, in vivo (r = 0.22 ns ) and in vitro (r = 0,32 ns ) test.
Keywords: Fusarium, deoxynivalenol, chemotype, pathogenicity
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