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SESSION 2: SECONDARY METABOLITES – BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOSYNTHESIS, FEED AND FOOD SAFETY P21 - Correlation between Fusarium DNA and mycotoxin levels in Finnish oats samples T. Yli-Mattila 1 , T. Hussien 1,3 , A. L. Carlobos-Lopez 1,4 , S. Rämö 2 , V. Hietaniemi 2 1 Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; 2 MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Laboratories, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland; 3 Mycotoxins Lab, Department of Food Toxicology and Contaminant, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt; 4 University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines E-mail: tymat@utu.fi The highest levels of deoxynivalenol (DON) were found in Finnish oats in 2012, when about 12-24 % of oats samples contained >1750 ppb of DON. In our samples of the years 2011 and 2012 DON and T-2/HT-2 levels varied from 0- 10000 ppb of DON and 0-3000 ppb of T-2/HT-2 toxins. The DNA levels were also compared to DON values obtained by using the RIDA®QUICK SCAN kit. In these samples DON levels were between 530->5500 ppb. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ) between F. graminearum DNA and DON levels was 0.95*** in the 25 oats samples of the year 2011 and 0.73*** in the 38 oats samples of the year 2012 obtained from MTT, while the R 2 value from the 20 oats samples from a food company was only 0.22*. In the latter case the DON level was estimated by using the RIDA®QUICK SCAN, while in MTT the mycotoxin levels were measured by using ROMER MycoSep-GC-MS and the grain flour was sieved through the 1 mm sieve in order to homogenize it before the analysis. The sieved flour was also used for DNA measurements, while for the samples from the food company the flour was not homogenized by sieving. No correlation was found between F. culmorum DNA and DON levels. F. graminearum DNA levels were in all cases in agreement with DON levels, when DON was measured by GC-MS. When compared to RIDA®QUICK SCAN kit results (DON) the variation in DNA levels was much higher. There was also a significant correlation between the combined T-2 and HT-2 and combined F. langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides DNA levels (0.33 * in 2011 and 0.89*** in 2012). According to our results F. graminearum is clearly the main DON producer in Finnish oats, while F. langsethiae is probably the main T-2/HT-2 producer. Keywords: F. graminearum, F. langsethiae, TaqMan qPCR, DON 113
SESSION 2: SECONDARY METABOLITES – BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOSYNTHESIS, FEED AND FOOD SAFETY P22 - Geographic differences in trichothecene chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum in the Northwest and North of Iran A. D. van Diepeningen 1 , M. Davari 1,2,3 , S. H. Wei 4,5 , A. Babay-Ahari 2 , M. Arzanlou 2 , C. Waalwijk 4 , T. A. J. van der Lee 4 , R. Zare 6 , A. H. G. Gerrits van den Ende 1 , G. S. de Hoog 1,7,8,9 1 CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, 3584CT Utrecht, the Netherlands; 2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; 3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran; 4 Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, the Netherlands; 5 College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China; 6 Department of Zotany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran; 7 Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam; 8 Peking University Health Science Centre, Research Center for Medical Mycology, Beijing, China; 9 SunYat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China E-mail: a.diepeningen@cbs.knaw.nl The diversity and prevalence of Fusarium species and their chemotypes on wheat in the North-West and North of Iran was determined. Wheat in these areas is severely affected by Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), with Fusarium graminearum as prevalent species causing 96% of the infections in the North-West and 50% in the Northern provinces. Fungal isolates were identified based on morphological characters and sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and parts of translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) and RNA polymerase subunit II (RPB2) sequences. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses show little haplotype variation between the F. graminearum strains collected from the different locations, but the isolates differ significantly in their trichothecene chemotypes as determined with a Luminex-Multilocus genotyping assay. Fusarium graminearum strains producing 15-ADON were abundant in Ardabil (NW of Iran), while in Golestan province (N of Iran) at the other side of the Caspian Sea especially nivalenol-producing strains and a variety of other Fusarium species were observed. Strains producing 3-ADON were rarely found in both areas. This is the first detailed study on Fusarium infections in Iranian wheat, showing large differences in prevalent etiological agents and in mycotoxin chemotypes geographically. Keywords: Fusarium graminearum Species Complex (FGSC), Fusarium 114
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Bordeaux EFS12 12 th European Fusar
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome from the
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4 SPONSORSHIP The 12 th European Fu
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8 13:00 - 14:00 Lunch 14:00 - 15:00
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10 Session 4: Genetics of Hosts - P
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12 Thursday, May 16 th Session 6: F
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Evidence for birth-and-death evolut
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Future challenges of Fusarium and m
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P35 - Screening deoxynivalenol in o
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P76 - Fusarium verticillioides and
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P113 - Agronomic practices and risk
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ORAL PRESENTATIONS 25
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 1: FUSARIUM
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SESSION 1: FUSARIUM - GENETICS, GEN
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KEYNOTE LECTURE SESSION 2: SECONDAR
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KEYNOTE LECTURE 1 SESSION 4: GENETI
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SESSION 6: FUTURE CHALLENGE FOR EUR
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de Hoog G. S., 89, 114, 236 de Kler
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Ponts N., 33, 36, 82, 94, 104, 106,
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BOKU-University of Natural Resource
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touatisihem03@yahoo.fr He Xinyao In
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steve.oliver@bioc.cam.ac. uk Ortega
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Subramaniam Gopal Agriculture and A
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