EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
EFS12- Book of abstracts - Contact
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SESSION 2: SECONDARY METABOLITES – BIOCHEMISTRY,<br />
BIOSYNTHESIS, FEED AND FOOD SAFETY<br />
P17 - Semiochemical interactions between toxigenic<br />
Fusarium fungi and insects<br />
T. Y. Gagkaeva, O. P. Gavrilova, I. V. Shamshev, O. G. Selitskaya, E. I.<br />
Savelieva<br />
All-Russian Institute <strong>of</strong> Plant Protection (VIZR), Sh. Podbelskogo 3, 196608, St.-Petersburg – Pushkin,<br />
Russia<br />
E-mail: t.gagkaeva@yahoo.com<br />
The aim <strong>of</strong> the study was to evaluate chemical nature and functional abilities <strong>of</strong><br />
semiochemical interactions between toxigenic Fusarium fungi and insects. An<br />
analysis <strong>of</strong> variations <strong>of</strong> Fusarium fungi (F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F.<br />
cerealis, F. poae, F. sporotrichioides, F. langsethiae) in formation <strong>of</strong> olfactory<br />
responses <strong>of</strong> insects (rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae) was performed. The<br />
evaluation <strong>of</strong> olfactory stimulation with Fusarium fungi on test-insects was carried<br />
out after growing <strong>of</strong> the strains on two substrates: potato sucrose agar and<br />
autoclaved wheat grains. In the laboratory experiments F. langsethiae and F.<br />
poae strains have shown the clear attractive effect to the tested insects. The<br />
pathogenic to plants F. graminearum and F. culmorum strains have demonstrated<br />
the repellent effect. Generally beetles <strong>of</strong> rice weevil responded similar reaction to<br />
the cultures <strong>of</strong> fungal strains growing on both substrates.<br />
The method <strong>of</strong> solid-phase microextraction was used to clarify the spectra <strong>of</strong><br />
volatile organic compounds above the surface <strong>of</strong> living fungal cultures. Screeningportraits<br />
<strong>of</strong> metabolomic pr<strong>of</strong>iles <strong>of</strong> Fusarium strains after 7 days <strong>of</strong> cultivation<br />
were obtained. A characteristic pr<strong>of</strong>ile <strong>of</strong> sesquiterpenes, that are isomeric<br />
carbohydrates with molecular mass 204 and are genetically connected with<br />
trichodien, is richest in F. langsethiae in compare with another Fusarium spp. The<br />
culture <strong>of</strong> F. langsethiae produced maximal amount <strong>of</strong> trichodien also actively<br />
emitted volatile compounds. Under equilibrium condition <strong>of</strong> steam above surface<br />
<strong>of</strong> F. langsethiae, F. sporotrichioides и F. poae cultures were identified<br />
ethylacetate, isobutyl, isoamyl and amyl alcohols. Amylacetate and<br />
isoamylacetate, ethers <strong>of</strong> acetic acid and corresponding amyl alcohols were found<br />
only in the culture <strong>of</strong> F. poae. Most likely just these chemicals responsible for a<br />
sweet fruit smell that is typical for this fungus.<br />
The investigation was supported by the project No. 12-04-00927-а <strong>of</strong> the Russian<br />
Foundation for Basic Research.<br />
Keywords: Fusarium, insects, sesquiterpenes, olfactory stimulation<br />
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