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SESSION 2: SECONDARY METABOLITES – BIOCHEMISTRY,
BIOSYNTHESIS, FEED AND FOOD SAFETY
P13 - Masked mycotoxins in durum wheat: a
greenhouse experiment
A. Dall’Erta 1 , A. Tonelli 1 , M. Cirlini 1 , P. Lancioni 2 , A. Massi 2 , C. Dall’Asta 1 , G.
Galaverna 1
1 Dept. of Food Science, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124 Parma, Italy;
2 Società Produttori Sementi Spa, Via Macero 1, 40050 Argelato (BO), Italy.
E-mail: gianni.galaverna@unipr.it
The incidence of Fusarium related diseases such as Fusarium Head Blight
(FHB), caused by filamentous fungi, is increasing in cereal crops, inducing
extensive production losses and severe toxicological problems due to
mycotoxin accumulation. Among several strategies to counteract the infection,
selection of plant genotypes resistant to Fusarium related disease is one of
the most promising approaches. Among cereals, soft wheat and barley have
been extensively studied, demonstrating that the in field resistance towards
FHB is related to the ability to convert deoxynivalenol (DON) and other
Fusarium toxins into masked forms (e.g. conjugates with glucose, glutathione
or sulphate), which may be stored within plant vacuoles or vegetal cell
membranes. Recently, occurrence of masked mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol-3glucoside)
have been proved also in durum wheat, a key crop in Italy, where
pasta production is totally based on this cereal (Dall’Asta et al. World
Mycotoxin Journal, 6(1), 83-91, 2013). In addition, durum wheat is used also
for the production of several high quality bakery products such as IGP/PDO
breads. In this study, we present results about the ability of four different
durum wheat lines to convert DON to deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside upon fungal
inoculation or DON contamination under greenhouse controlled conditions. In
particular, three groups have been considered: plants treated with F.
graminearum, plants treated with DON and control plants. Both inoculation
and contamination were made on the flowering ears and induced typical FHB
symptoms in the plant. Plant ears were sampled at different times from the
inoculation and analysed for DON and D3G occurrence. Data were statistically
analysed and compared to those obtained for control plants. Results
demonstrated that the ability to convert DON to its masked forms is genotyperelated
and may help breeding program aimed at identifying resistant
varieties.
Keywords: Fusarium Head Blight, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, durum wheat,
masked mycotoxins
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