Logical Decisions - Classweb
Logical Decisions - Classweb Logical Decisions - Classweb
Figure 5-3. Example of Results::Alternative Uncertainty Graph option. In the figure, the bars represent the number of simulation trials that fell within the bar’s range. The bars use the scale at the right of the graph. The line in the figure represents the cumulative probability distribution, as estimated by the simulation results. Each point on the line represents the probability (the scale at the left of the graph) that the utility will be less than the utility on the x-axis of the graph. Note that this graph combines the effects of the uncertainties for the "Mountain Lion" truck on both the "Resale Value" and "Styling" measures on the "Mountain Lion's" overall utility. Importing and Exporting Data LDW provides powerful features for importing and exporting data from external databases. These features can let you quickly 5-12 Section 5 -- Advanced Tutorial
screen a large database for the alternatives that are most likely to meet your needs. We will show how you could use a data file to update the truck example we have been developing. If you have skipped any steps in the tutorial, you should use the File::Open option to load in the file TUTOR2.LDW now. We will update the analysis from the file TUTOR.TAB. The contents of this file are shown in Figure 5-4. ALTERNATIVES NAME NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER LABEL NAME Price Power Fuel Economy City Highway Resale Value Styling Crocodile 21000 140 16.5 15 18 45 Laughable Mountain Lion 19000 109 21.25 16.5 26 65 Mediocre Tiger 18000 125 21 18 24 75 Mediocre Falcon 27000 160 17.5 16 19 66.3 Attractive Coyote 22000 109 23 19 27 55 Muscular Wolf 17500 175 15.5 14 17 65 Nondescript Figure 5-4. Data file for updating tutorial example. The tab delimited file in the figure has some special clues that help LDW interpret it. The word "ALTERNATIVES" in the upper left tells LDW that this is a file it knows how to interpret. The next line (with NAME, NUMBER, etc.) tells LDW the type of data to expect in each column. The next row has the names of the data columns. Notice that the names can correspond to either measures or measure categories. The names of the alternatives are on the left of the matrix. The easiest way to create a file that LDW can read is to first use the File::Export option to create a file of the type you want, and then modify it to include the data you want to import. Setting Cutoffs. Notice also in the figure that the current alternatives ("Coyote", "Mountain Lion" and "Wolf") have their current levels (but with no uncertainties). Note also that the "Falcon" has a price ($27,000) that is above the least preferred level, and that the "Crocodile" has a label for "Styling" -- "Laughable" -- that is not on the list. Lets assume that these alternatives are unacceptable and we don't want to add them to the analysis. For measures with labels, LDW assumes that any label not on the list fails the cutoff for the measure. for other measures, we must explicitly assign an upper and lower cutoff. To set a cutoff for "Price:" Section 5 -- Advanced Tutorial 5-13
- Page 21 and 22: Defining goals and measures. In LDW
- Page 23 and 24: Figure 3-1. The SUF for "Years of E
- Page 25 and 26: weights of the measures. All of the
- Page 27: S E C T I O N Basic Tutorial 4
- Page 30 and 31: Figure 4-1. Tutorial overview. 4-2
- Page 32 and 33: Now lets make sure the alternatives
- Page 34 and 35: Assume you have decided that you wi
- Page 36 and 37: Next we will enter the measures for
- Page 38 and 39: Defining Preferences The alternativ
- Page 40 and 41: 1. Select the Assess::Common Units
- Page 42 and 43: almost equally unacceptable, while
- Page 44 and 45: 1. Select the Assess::Common Units
- Page 46 and 47: When you do this, the tradeoff grap
- Page 48 and 49: 1. Select "Performance" and "Price"
- Page 50 and 51: 8. Click on the "Equal" button to t
- Page 52 and 53: Figure 4-11. Display generated by R
- Page 54 and 55: Figure 4-13. Overall ranking for tr
- Page 56 and 57: Figure 4-15. Graph showing sensitiv
- Page 58 and 59: You can see the completed introduct
- Page 61 and 62: Advanced Tutorial This tutorial sec
- Page 63 and 64: Probabilities There is a problem wi
- Page 65 and 66: This information indicates that the
- Page 67 and 68: A uniform distribution is defined b
- Page 69 and 70: On the left is a list of the possib
- Page 71: Figure 5-2. Example of Results::Unc
- Page 75 and 76: 9. LDW will ask if you want to appe
- Page 77 and 78: commit to buying their truck before
- Page 79 and 80: see that the rankings for all the a
- Page 81: S E C T I O N Using LDW 1: Structur
- Page 84 and 85: The Edit::Insert option. The Insert
- Page 86 and 87: ! Summary -- view a dialog box that
- Page 88 and 89: structure like an organization char
- Page 90 and 91: If you check the Show Assessment St
- Page 92 and 93: saves it for later pasting. When yo
- Page 94 and 95: You can create a new Matrix view by
- Page 96 and 97: The quick entry view shows the alte
- Page 98 and 99: Structuring Goals The goals in an L
- Page 100 and 101: these two fields to describe each m
- Page 102 and 103: the hierarchy. In the Matrix view,
- Page 104 and 105: ! Point Estimate -- use a single nu
- Page 106 and 107: Figure 6-12. Example of a measure l
- Page 108 and 109: Figure 6-14. Example of a measure l
- Page 110 and 111: pass, LDW replaces each probabilist
- Page 112 and 113: Figure 6-17. Dialog box for definin
- Page 114 and 115: Figure 6-18. Measure Category Dialo
- Page 117: S E C T I O N Using LDW 2: Assessin
- Page 120 and 121: measure utility functions for the g
screen a large database for the alternatives that are most likely to<br />
meet your needs.<br />
We will show how you could use a data file to update the truck<br />
example we have been developing. If you have skipped any steps<br />
in the tutorial, you should use the File::Open option to load in the<br />
file TUTOR2.LDW now.<br />
We will update the analysis from the file TUTOR.TAB. The<br />
contents of this file are shown in Figure 5-4.<br />
ALTERNATIVES<br />
NAME NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER LABEL<br />
NAME Price Power Fuel Economy City Highway Resale Value Styling<br />
Crocodile 21000 140 16.5 15 18 45 Laughable<br />
Mountain Lion 19000 109 21.25 16.5 26 65 Mediocre<br />
Tiger 18000 125 21 18 24 75 Mediocre<br />
Falcon 27000 160 17.5 16 19 66.3 Attractive<br />
Coyote 22000 109 23 19 27 55 Muscular<br />
Wolf 17500 175 15.5 14 17 65 Nondescript<br />
Figure 5-4. Data file for updating tutorial example.<br />
The tab delimited file in the figure has some special clues that<br />
help LDW interpret it. The word "ALTERNATIVES" in the upper<br />
left tells LDW that this is a file it knows how to interpret. The<br />
next line (with NAME, NUMBER, etc.) tells LDW the type of data<br />
to expect in each column. The next row has the names of the data<br />
columns. Notice that the names can correspond to either<br />
measures or measure categories. The names of the alternatives<br />
are on the left of the matrix.<br />
The easiest way to create a file that LDW can read is to first use<br />
the File::Export option to create a file of the type you want, and<br />
then modify it to include the data you want to import.<br />
Setting Cutoffs. Notice also in the figure that the current<br />
alternatives ("Coyote", "Mountain Lion" and "Wolf") have their<br />
current levels (but with no uncertainties). Note also that the<br />
"Falcon" has a price ($27,000) that is above the least preferred<br />
level, and that the "Crocodile" has a label for "Styling" --<br />
"Laughable" -- that is not on the list. Lets assume that these<br />
alternatives are unacceptable and we don't want to add them to<br />
the analysis.<br />
For measures with labels, LDW assumes that any label not on the<br />
list fails the cutoff for the measure. for other measures, we must<br />
explicitly assign an upper and lower cutoff. To set a cutoff for<br />
"Price:"<br />
Section 5 -- Advanced Tutorial 5-13
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