Logical Decisions - Classweb

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Figure 8-49. Dialog box for Preferences::Sort option for one direction sort. The buttons on the left indicate the key to sort on, while the buttons on the right indicate whether the sort should be ascending or descending. The sort options should be self explanatory, except for the "Nominal" order option, which sorts the objects in the order they were entered. If both the rows and columns for a window can be sorted, LDW displays the dialog box shown in Figure 8-50. 8-56 Section 8 -- Using LDW 3: Reviewing Results
Figure 8-50. Dialog box for Preferences::Sort option for two direction sort. This dialog box provides the same options as the one direction sort dialog, but allows you to apply them in two directions. Adding a Text Label. You can add a text label to a graphic window by selecting the Edit::Graphic Selection::Add Label... option. When you select this option, LDW asks you to enter the text you want in a text entry dialog box. When you have finished, the text you have entered will appear in the currently active graphics display. You will probably need to move the new label to a new position by dragging it as described in the next section. Note that any text labels you add are temporary and will be deleted when you close the active window. Changing the Size of an Image. You can change the size of a graphics image by selecting the Window::Zoom option. This option lets you set a "zoom percentage" that causes LDW to redraw the active window's image in a different size. The zoom percentage changes the area of the image in relation to its original area. A zoom percentage of 100 percent will cause LDW to display the image in its original size. A zoom percentage of less than 100 percent causes the image to be displayed smaller Section 8 -- Using LDW 3: Reviewing Results 8-57
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Logical Decisions Decision Support
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Table of Contents Table of Contents
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Assessing Weights with Weight Ratio
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Assessing Interactions Between Meas
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Introduction Real decisions aren't
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S E C T I O N Requirements and Inst
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"Logical Decisions". This program g
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Quick Start Introduction This secti
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Defining goals and measures. In LDW
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Figure 3-1. The SUF for "Years of E
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weights of the measures. All of the
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S E C T I O N Basic Tutorial 4
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Figure 4-1. Tutorial overview. 4-2
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Now lets make sure the alternatives
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Assume you have decided that you wi
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Next we will enter the measures for
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Defining Preferences The alternativ
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1. Select the Assess::Common Units
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almost equally unacceptable, while
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1. Select the Assess::Common Units
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When you do this, the tradeoff grap
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1. Select "Performance" and "Price"
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8. Click on the "Equal" button to t
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Figure 4-11. Display generated by R
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Figure 4-13. Overall ranking for tr
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Figure 4-15. Graph showing sensitiv
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You can see the completed introduct
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Advanced Tutorial This tutorial sec
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Probabilities There is a problem wi
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This information indicates that the
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A uniform distribution is defined b
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On the left is a list of the possib
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Figure 5-2. Example of Results::Unc
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screen a large database for the alt
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9. LDW will ask if you want to appe
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commit to buying their truck before
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see that the rankings for all the a
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S E C T I O N Using LDW 1: Structur
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The Edit::Insert option. The Insert
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! Summary -- view a dialog box that
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structure like an organization char
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If you check the Show Assessment St
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saves it for later pasting. When yo
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You can create a new Matrix view by
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The quick entry view shows the alte
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Structuring Goals The goals in an L
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these two fields to describe each m
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the hierarchy. In the Matrix view,
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! Point Estimate -- use a single nu
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Figure 6-12. Example of a measure l
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Figure 6-14. Example of a measure l
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pass, LDW replaces each probabilist
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Figure 6-17. Dialog box for definin
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Figure 6-18. Measure Category Dialo
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S E C T I O N Using LDW 2: Assessin
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measure utility functions for the g
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information as possible when you ch
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measures with categories require mu
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The "Reset" button deletes any asse
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You can change the shape of the cur
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Figure 7-4. Utility Assessment Scre
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very different from the average of
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Figure 7-6. Assessment matrix for A
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You can, however, leave the assessm
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properties dialog box can be select
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the same level. LDW provides a grap
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options in the Hierarchy menu to ad
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The check box labeled "Allow Repres
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Next you will see a tradeoff assess
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The Tradeoff::Use Alternatives to S
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Figure 7-13. Example of Direct Entr
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You can think of the importance num
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Figure 7-15. Assessment Screen for
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When you have selected two members
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("importance strength") that best d
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clicking on the "Initialize" button
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Set a Small k. The Enter Small k op
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select the tradeoff you would like
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Figure 7-18. Effects of consistency
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Using LDW 3: Reviewing Results Intr
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The curve shows how the utility fun
Page 173 and 174: The tradeoff graph has one measure
Page 175 and 176: When you select the option, you are
Page 177 and 178: the relative weights of the "Price"
Page 179 and 180: epresents a computer alternative wi
Page 181 and 182: Figure 8-11. Example of Review::Ass
Page 183 and 184: e true even if the measure has a ve
Page 185 and 186: an analysis are included in exactly
Page 187 and 188: Graph Weights The Graph Weights dis
Page 189 and 190: Figure 8-16. Results::Rank Alternat
Page 191 and 192: Figure 8-18. Dialog box for Results
Page 193 and 194: You can use the measure equivalents
Page 195 and 196: simulation for each alternative usi
Page 197 and 198: Sensitivity Graphs Sensitivity grap
Page 199 and 200: You can view a sensitivity table by
Page 201 and 202: Figure 8-28. Example of Results::Sc
Page 203 and 204: Figure 8-30. Example of Results::Sc
Page 205 and 206: In the dialog box, you are asked to
Page 207 and 208: Figure 8-34. Dialog box for Results
Page 209 and 210: Graph an Alternative The graph an a
Page 211 and 212: Figure 8-38. Example of Results::Gr
Page 213 and 214: Finally, the two radio buttons on t
Page 215 and 216: Figure 8-43. Example of Results::Co
Page 217 and 218: Printing and Saving Windows You can
Page 219 and 220: The dialog box will show you the fi
Page 221 and 222: Figure 8-45. Dialog box for Edit::C
Page 223: Changing the range for utility. You
Page 227 and 228: the current color for that type of
Page 229 and 230: copies the selected objects to the
Page 231 and 232: analysis with the skeleton analysis
Page 233 and 234: Figure 8-55. Dialog box for File::I
Page 235 and 236: the other measures. The measure nam
Page 237 and 238: The idea of the Import Structure op
Page 239 and 240: Next, LDW asks you if it should app
Page 241 and 242: Other Options utility function for
Page 243: In addition, the Window menu contai
Page 247 and 248: In Depth Introduction This section
Page 249 and 250: A third example is a portfolio deci
Page 251 and 252: Each alternative has a raw score (c
Page 253 and 254: into more specific goals continues
Page 255 and 256: Measures in LDW You define measures
Page 257 and 258: computed measure levels to common u
Page 259 and 260: Converting the Measures to Common U
Page 261 and 262: Figure 9-2. Example of linear (stra
Page 263 and 264: For an example of the mid-level spl
Page 265 and 266: Since U(L0) = U(80) = 0 and U(L1) =
Page 267 and 268: Figure 9-5. Summary of SUF assessme
Page 269 and 270: describe two alternatives: A, which
Page 271 and 272: with equal chances of 40 and 70 per
Page 273 and 274: In the original formulation of the
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1 Equal Importance Two activities c
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You begin the process by selecting
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Figure 9-7. Effects of goals with a
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0.5. Then the weight assigned to "P
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! You can use the "Smarter Method"
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allocates this weight before comput
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nth root of the product of the rati
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Figure 9-8. Summary of estimating t
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on the decision maker's response, L
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Figure 9-10. MUF assessment figure
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Now think of adjusting P so that th
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Another approach is to use the rang
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Figure 9-12. Quantitative range vs.
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If a measure’s range changes, LDW
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Figure 9-14 is an example of the ov
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Similarly, a single member can have
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chance having 160 hp (the most pref
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A probability of less than 0.5 for
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Interpreting the Ranking Results LD
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S E C T I O N Examples 10
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the idea that other manufactures an
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The completed goals hierarchy is sh
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Buying a House The ranking results
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Figure 10-5. Goals hierarchy for bu
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Overall goal Quality goal Costs goa
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The preference assessments were don
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Figure 10-9. Goals hierarchy for re
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! Noise, ! Agricultural Impacts, an
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S E C T I O N Commands Summary 11
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Assess Menu Edit Menu The Assess me
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File Menu Edit::Insert Lets you add
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utility function” if the active g
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Matrix Menu ! Hierarchy -- options
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Results::Dynamic Sensitivity See th
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Review::Compute Utilities Compute t
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Tradeoff Menu View Menu LDW display
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S E C T I O N Glossary 12
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Common Units Certainty Equivalent C
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LDW File Level Lottery Measure assi
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MUF MUF Formula See also: Alternati
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Preference Set Probabilistic Level
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Tradeoff Trial program decides whic
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Bibliography B
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The classic reference on multiple m
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Appendix This appendix describes th
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= .125 Thus the weight for cost is
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Index adjusted AHP ................
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computing ................8 - 3 int
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