2011 - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences ...

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CSD-01 083 CSD-02 093 CSD-03 108 CSD-04 114 CSD-05 130 CSD-07 123 CSD-08 128 CSD-09 130 CSD-10 132 CSD-11 085 CSD-12 110 CSD-13 111 CSD-14 125 GMD-02 101 GMD-03 106 GMD-04 113 82 CIRES Annual Report 2011 Theme Reports AMOS: Advanced Modeling and Observing Systems 83 CIRES researchers characterize and predict the state of the Earth system on a variety of scales using direct observations and mathematical techniques for projecting outcomes. CSV: Climate System Variability 106 Climate directly influences agriculture, water quantity and quality, ecosystems, and human health. CIRES research on this theme addresses climate change that occurs on time scales from seasons and decades to millennia. GEO: Geodynamics 123 CIRES geodynamics research focuses on the internal processes of the planet, including the properties of the core-mantle boundary, convection within the Earth’s mantle and the effects of convection on the surface of the planet. PM: Planetary Metabolism 123 Planetary metabolism encompasses the complex web of biochemical and ecological processes that occur within the biosphere and their interaction with the lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere. RP: Regional Processes 127 Climate variability and extreme weather events are influenced by topography, watersheds, vegetation and other geographical features that often impact very specific populations, economic systems and ecosystems. IA: Integrating Activities 132 CIRES is committed to working across conventional disciplinary boundaries to produce rigorous, cutting-edge science and technology and to share that knowledge with a broad audience. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research Earth System Research Laboratory Project Page Project Page Project Page Project Page GMD-05 116 GMD-06 127 GSD-01 095 GSD-02 129 GSD-03 096 GSD-04 105 GSD-05 096 GSD-06 097 GSD-07 092 GSD-08 137 PSD-01 112 PSD-02 112 PSD-03 117 PSD-04 106 PSD-05 120 PSD-06 117 PSD-07 122 PSD-08 084 PSD-10 102 PSD-11 102 PSD-12 127 PSD-13 127 PSD-15 118 PSD-16 095 PSD-17 095 DIR-01 133 WWA-01 134 WWA-02 135 WWA-03 135 WWA-04 136 National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service NGDC-01 086 NGDC-02 088 NGDC-03 099 NGDC-04 107 Project Page SWPC-01 100 SWPC-02 100 NSIDC-01 119 NSIDC-03 120 POLICY-01 132 Project Page NGDC-05 123 NGDC-07 125 NGDC-08 088 National Weather Service Space Weather Predication Center Other Projects Project Page SWPC-03 091 SWPC-04 091 Project Page Project Page POLICY-02 138 POLICY-03 138 CET-01 085
ADVANCED MODELING AND OBSERVING SYSTEMS AMOS-01 Instrumentation Design, Prototyping and Analysis n CSD-01 Instrumentation for Atmospheric Observations and Analysis n PSD-08 Sensor and Technique Development n CET-01 Remote Hydrology Sensing CSD-01InstrumentationforAtmospheric ObservationandAnalysis FEDERAL LEADS: MICHAEL HARDESTY, STEVEN BROWN AND DAN MURPHY CIRES LEAD: CHRISTINE ENNIS NOAA Goals 2 and 3: Climate and Weather and Water Project Goal: Design and evaluate new approaches and instrumentation to make atmospheric observations of hard-tomeasure species and parameters that are important players in the chemistry of the troposphere and stratosphere. Milestone 1. Develop and test a new, fully automated instrument to measure water vapor on board a high-altitude research aircraft. Impact: The new instrument will include inflight calibration to ensure that water vapor measurements made over a wide dynamic range (1–200 parts per million) have known, high accuracy. A new chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) technique was developed for the measurement of low mixing ratios of water vapor in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS). The instrument sample flow is passed through a radioactive alpha particle source, and the resulting ion-molecule reactions lead to the production of H3O+ ions that are used to quantify the water vapor mixing ratio. This ionization scheme required the design of a custom alpha particle source capable of efficient operation at low pressure. An existing CIMS instrument, designed for automated operation onboard research aircraft, was modified to use the new ion source and related flow system. To calibrate the instrument during flight, a new calibration system was constructed using catalytic oxidation of hydrogen to produce an accurate and adjustable source of water vapor on demand. The H2O CIMS instrument is currently the only UT/LS water vapor instrument that conducts in-flight calibration at low water vapor mixing ratios. The H2O CIMS instrument was flown on the NASA WB- 57 high-altitude research aircraft during the NASA Mid- Latitude Airborne Cirrus Properties Experiment (MAC- PEX) campaign in March and April 2011. The MACPEX campaign provided a rare opportunity to intercompare a number of different water vapor measurements in order to assess the community’s ability to accurately measure water vapor in the UT/LS region. Data reduction from the MACPEX flights is currently in progress, and analysis of the data will begin soon. Product: Rollins, AW, TD Thornberry, R-S Gao, BD Hall, and DW Fahey (2011), Catalytic oxidation of H2 on platinum: A method for in situ calibration of hygrometers, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., 4, 3083-3095, doi:10.5194/ amtd-4-3083-2011. Thornberry, TD, AW Rollins, R-S Gao, LA Watts, SJ Ciciora, RJ McLaughlin, and DW Fahey, A chemical ionization mass spectrometer for in situ measurement of water vapor in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, in preparation. Milestone 2. Construct and deploy a three-wavelength, photoacoustic/cavity ring-down combination to measure single scattering albedo. Impact: Single scattering albedo controls whether the direct radiative effect of aerosols is a warming or cooling. This instrumentation will make measurements of CIRES Annual Report 2011 83
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COOPERATIVE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH
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2 CIRES Annual Report 2011 From the
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Executive Summary and Research High
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which is a learning community and m
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and community preparedness and disa
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10 CIRES Annual Report 2011 Year in
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Council of Fellows n Waleed Abdalat
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Organization The Cooperative Instit
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CREATING A DYNAMIC RESEARCH ENVIRON
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DAVID OONK/CIRES CIRES Director Kon
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CIRES Communications It has long be
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22 CIRES Annual Report 2011 People&
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Richard Armstrong The Glaciers and
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Roger Bilham Block Bounding Bookshe
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John Cassano Polar Climate and Mete
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Xinzhao Chu LIDAR Research Campaign
Page 34 and 35: Joost de Gouw Sources and Chemistry
Page 36 and 37: Lang Farmer Development of a Microi
Page 38 and 39: Baylor Fox-Kemper Improving Subgrid
Page 40 and 41: Craig Jones Understanding the Origi
Page 42 and 43: Peter Molnar Tibet and the Asian Mo
Page 44 and 45: David Noone A Modern Approach to Pa
Page 46 and 47: Judith Perlwitz Exploring Mechanism
Page 48 and 49: Balaji Rajagopalan with graduate st
Page 50 and 51: Mark C. Serreze Rapid Arctic Change
Page 52 and 53: Robert Sievers Innovative Vaccine D
Page 54 and 55: Margaret Tolbert Laboratory Studies
Page 56 and 57: Greg Tucker Is Climate Change Etche
Page 58 and 59: Rainer Volkamer Simulation Chamber
Page 60 and 61: Carol Wessman with graduate student
Page 62 and 63: SCIENTIFIC CENTERS n Center for Lim
Page 64 and 65: Center for Science and Technology P
Page 66 and 67: Climate Diagnostics Center The miss
Page 68 and 69: Earth Science and Observation Cente
Page 70 and 71: National Snow and Ice Data Center T
Page 72 and 73: WESTERN WATER ASSESSMENT n Impacts
Page 74 and 75: EDUCATION AND OUTREACH n Climate Sc
Page 76 and 77: VISITING FELLOWS With partial spons
Page 78 and 79: Faezeh Nick Sabbatical Ph.D., Insti
Page 80 and 81: INNOVATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM The CIR
Page 82 and 83: GRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS CIRES
Page 86 and 87: Figure 1: Simplified schematic show
Page 88 and 89: Pichugina, YL, RM Banta, WA Brewer,
Page 90 and 91: NGDC-02MarineGeophysicsDataStewards
Page 92 and 93: statistical measurements such as th
Page 94 and 95: The SEAESRT (Space, Environmental E
Page 96 and 97: 1. The spatial Figure distribution
Page 98 and 99: Figure 1: Sea surface height (SSH)
Page 100 and 101: unning at NWS and a backup at the G
Page 102 and 103: workflows that make use of SPIDR’
Page 104 and 105: PSD-10CloudandAerosolProcesses FEDE
Page 106 and 107: Milestone 3. Apply a CloudSat metho
Page 108 and 109: CLIMATESYSTEMVARIABILITY CSV-01 Det
Page 110 and 111: We greatly expanded the holdings in
Page 112 and 113: CSD-12EmissionsandAtmosphericCompos
Page 114 and 115: tolysis) and global warming potenti
Page 116 and 117: Milestone 4. Analyze balloon-borne
Page 118 and 119: GMD-05OzoneDepletion FEDERAL LEADS:
Page 120 and 121: feedbacks, on the SSTs in the model
Page 122 and 123: Milestone 1. Add additional glacier
Page 124 and 125: Several climate-monitoring products
Page 126 and 127: atmospheric removal of methylglyoxa
Page 128 and 129: Figure 1: Global image of the Radia
Page 130 and 131: profiling radars with radio acousti
Page 132 and 133: RP-04 Intercontinental Transport an
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ates can be understood by productio
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Milestone 3. Maintain a constituent
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stakeholders and decision makers as
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Milestone 3. Explore the expanding
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140 CIRES Annual Report 2011 Measur
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Refereed Publications, 2010 Abdalat
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Brunt, KM, HA Fricker, L Padman, TA
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Phys., 10(10), 4795-4807, doi: 10.5
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of Arapaho Glacier, Front Range, Co
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to nutrients in streams and rivers
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Moritz, MA, TJ Moody, MA Krawchuk,
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with a first-guess approach, J. Geo
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stable water isotopes in climate mo
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G Keppel-Aleks, EA Kort, R Macatang
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Non-Refereed Publications, 2010 Ale
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and DZ Friday (2010), Digital eleva
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Refereed Journals in which CIRES Sc
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Honors and Awards, 2010 Abdalati, W
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Conferences, Workshops, Events, Pre
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170 CIRES Annual Report 2011 Append
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Acronyms 20CR Twentieth Century Rea
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ESRL Earth System Research Laborato
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MERRA Modern Era Retrospective-Anal
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SXI Solar X-ray Imager TES Total Em
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