2011 - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences ...

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Joost de Gouw Sources and Chemistry of Organic Carbon in the Atmosphere FUNDING: NOAA Atmospheric aerosols play an important role in air quality and climate: They scatter and potentially absorb radiation, and are damaging to human health when present in the air we breathe. A significant portion of aerosol consists of organic material, but the sources of this material are poorly understood. In polluted conditions, the dominant fraction of organics is not directly emitted from combustion sources, but is formed from the oxidation of gas-phase organic compounds from both anthropogenic and biogenic sources. Determining the relative importance Scientists used NOAA’s WP-3D aircraft to measure the effect of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill on air quality. 32 CIRES Annual Report 2011 of anthropogenic and biogenic sources is an important component of our current research. In 2010, we performed the CalNex (Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change) study in California. One of the goals was to study how emissions in the Los Angeles basin, where anthropogenic emissions are large, react to form organic aerosol. Toward that goal, we made measurements by mass spectrometry and gas chromatography of gas-phase organic compounds 1) from a research ship to characterize inflow conditions into the basin, 2) from a surface site in Pasadena to characterize emissions and the initial stages of photochemical formation and 3) from the NOAA WP-3D research aircraft to follow the urban air masses downwind. Analysis of this large and detailed data set, in conjunction with numerous measurements of organic aerosol, is currently ongoing. The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico occurred during CalNex, and the NOAA WP-3D aircraft made two flights over the spill to determine the atmospheric impact. It was found that a significant fraction of the oil evaporated and organic aerosol was formed efficiently from these vapors. Interestingly, the aerosol appeared to be primarily formed from less volatile compounds, as opposed to the more volatile compounds with fewer than 12 carbon atoms, which have traditionally been considered as precursors. Measurements in this extreme environment have, thus, given important insight into organic aerosol formation in other environments, such as urban atmospheres where these same less-volatile compounds are emitted. DAN LACK/CIRES
Lisa Dilling Climate Change, Decision Making and Managing Risks FUNDING: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION, NOAA Water-pumping station near Los Banos, Calif. While much attention has been focused on estimating future impacts from climate change, much remains to be understood about the barriers to successful adaptation from a societal perspective (Adger et al., 2007). My colleagues and I are working on several interrelated projects tackling the questions of what capacity is needed to respond to the risks posed by climate change and how policy processes can function as barriers or opportunities for incorporating risk into decision making. Capacity is understood broadly to include institutional flexibility in making decisions, the availability of usable knowledge, attitudes and perceptions, governance and legal frameworks, and financial and human resources. I have chosen to focus on decision making in two important resource areas: public lands and water supply. Management of these resources involves several complex agencies, legal institutions and public interests at a wide variety of scales. Managers demonstrate an increasing awareness of the vulnerability of these resources to a variety of hazards stemming from natural climate variability, climate change and increasing (and often conflicting) demands. Projects in my group include: 1) surveying how public lands managers are incorporating climate change in their decision making and identifying potential needs and barriers; 2) analyzing water management at the state level across five states to understand the capacity for adaptive behavior and the use of information; 3) examining how the response to short-term drought at the municipal level creates or diminishes vulnerability and adaptive capacity for future climate change; 4) identifying adaptive actions across a wide suite of municipalities across three states and illuminating the underlying factors that may explain why some communities respond to risk and others do not; and 5) creating a time-series analysis of stakeholder needs for climate information and other resources with respect to climate change and variability across three states. ISTOCK CIRES Annual Report 2011 33
Page 2 and 3: COOPERATIVE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH
Page 4 and 5: 2 CIRES Annual Report 2011 From the
Page 6 and 7: Executive Summary and Research High
Page 8 and 9: which is a learning community and m
Page 10 and 11: and community preparedness and disa
Page 12 and 13: 10 CIRES Annual Report 2011 Year in
Page 14 and 15: Council of Fellows n Waleed Abdalat
Page 16 and 17: Organization The Cooperative Instit
Page 18 and 19: CREATING A DYNAMIC RESEARCH ENVIRON
Page 20 and 21: DAVID OONK/CIRES CIRES Director Kon
Page 22 and 23: CIRES Communications It has long be
Page 24 and 25: 22 CIRES Annual Report 2011 People&
Page 26 and 27: Richard Armstrong The Glaciers and
Page 28 and 29: Roger Bilham Block Bounding Bookshe
Page 30 and 31: John Cassano Polar Climate and Mete
Page 32 and 33: Xinzhao Chu LIDAR Research Campaign
Page 36 and 37: Lang Farmer Development of a Microi
Page 38 and 39: Baylor Fox-Kemper Improving Subgrid
Page 40 and 41: Craig Jones Understanding the Origi
Page 42 and 43: Peter Molnar Tibet and the Asian Mo
Page 44 and 45: David Noone A Modern Approach to Pa
Page 46 and 47: Judith Perlwitz Exploring Mechanism
Page 48 and 49: Balaji Rajagopalan with graduate st
Page 50 and 51: Mark C. Serreze Rapid Arctic Change
Page 52 and 53: Robert Sievers Innovative Vaccine D
Page 54 and 55: Margaret Tolbert Laboratory Studies
Page 56 and 57: Greg Tucker Is Climate Change Etche
Page 58 and 59: Rainer Volkamer Simulation Chamber
Page 60 and 61: Carol Wessman with graduate student
Page 62 and 63: SCIENTIFIC CENTERS n Center for Lim
Page 64 and 65: Center for Science and Technology P
Page 66 and 67: Climate Diagnostics Center The miss
Page 68 and 69: Earth Science and Observation Cente
Page 70 and 71: National Snow and Ice Data Center T
Page 72 and 73: WESTERN WATER ASSESSMENT n Impacts
Page 74 and 75: EDUCATION AND OUTREACH n Climate Sc
Page 76 and 77: VISITING FELLOWS With partial spons
Page 78 and 79: Faezeh Nick Sabbatical Ph.D., Insti
Page 80 and 81: INNOVATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM The CIR
Page 82 and 83: GRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS CIRES
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CSD-01 083 CSD-02 093 CSD-03 108 CS
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Figure 1: Simplified schematic show
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Pichugina, YL, RM Banta, WA Brewer,
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NGDC-02MarineGeophysicsDataStewards
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statistical measurements such as th
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The SEAESRT (Space, Environmental E
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1. The spatial Figure distribution
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Figure 1: Sea surface height (SSH)
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unning at NWS and a backup at the G
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workflows that make use of SPIDR’
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PSD-10CloudandAerosolProcesses FEDE
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Milestone 3. Apply a CloudSat metho
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CLIMATESYSTEMVARIABILITY CSV-01 Det
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We greatly expanded the holdings in
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CSD-12EmissionsandAtmosphericCompos
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tolysis) and global warming potenti
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Milestone 4. Analyze balloon-borne
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GMD-05OzoneDepletion FEDERAL LEADS:
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feedbacks, on the SSTs in the model
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Milestone 1. Add additional glacier
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Several climate-monitoring products
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atmospheric removal of methylglyoxa
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Figure 1: Global image of the Radia
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profiling radars with radio acousti
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RP-04 Intercontinental Transport an
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ates can be understood by productio
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Milestone 3. Maintain a constituent
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stakeholders and decision makers as
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Milestone 3. Explore the expanding
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140 CIRES Annual Report 2011 Measur
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Refereed Publications, 2010 Abdalat
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Brunt, KM, HA Fricker, L Padman, TA
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Phys., 10(10), 4795-4807, doi: 10.5
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of Arapaho Glacier, Front Range, Co
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to nutrients in streams and rivers
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Moritz, MA, TJ Moody, MA Krawchuk,
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with a first-guess approach, J. Geo
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stable water isotopes in climate mo
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G Keppel-Aleks, EA Kort, R Macatang
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Non-Refereed Publications, 2010 Ale
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and DZ Friday (2010), Digital eleva
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Refereed Journals in which CIRES Sc
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Honors and Awards, 2010 Abdalati, W
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Conferences, Workshops, Events, Pre
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170 CIRES Annual Report 2011 Append
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Acronyms 20CR Twentieth Century Rea
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ESRL Earth System Research Laborato
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MERRA Modern Era Retrospective-Anal
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SXI Solar X-ray Imager TES Total Em
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2011 - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences ...

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