Contents - Faperta

56 Biotechnological Approaches for Pest Management and Ecological Sustainability
TABLE 3.4
Use of Excised Plant Parts to Evaluate Genotypic Resistance to Insect Pests
Crop Insect Species Remarks References
Cotton Cotton bollworm,
Helicoverpa armigera
Whitefl y, Bemisia
tabaci (Genn.)
Rice Striped stem borer,
Chilo suppressalis
Pigeonpea Pod borer,
Helicoverpa armigera
Chickpea Pod borer,
Helicoverpa armigera
Groundnut Pod borer,
Helicoverpa armigera
Peas Pea weevil, Bruchus
pisorum L.
Soybean Twospotted spider
mite, Tetranychus
urticae Koch
Brachiaria spp. Spittle bug,
Aeneolamia varia
(Dist.)
Lettuce Banded cucumber
beetle, Diabrotica
balteata Le conte
Brassicas Mustard aphid,
Lipaphis erysimi
Strawberry Two-spotted mite,
Tetranychus urticae
A 48 h technique using VI instar larvae
proved as reliable as the standard technique,
but was faster and more energy effi cient.
Detached leaf petiole embedded in 3% agar
in 250 mL cup, and infested with 10 to 20
neonate larvae can be used to evaluate for
resistance to insects.
First fully expanded leaf with petiole
placed in water and infested with 10 white
fl y females can be used to screen for
resistance.
Orientation and settling responses of the
third and fourth instars on the stem pieces
differed signifi cantly, and were correlated
with feeding ratio.
Detached trifoliate petiole embedded in
3% agar in a 250 mL cup, and infested with
20 neonate larvae can be used to screen for
resistance.
Detached 5 to 7 cm terminal branch
embedded in 3% agar in a 250 mL cup, and
infested with 10 neonate larvae can be used
to screen for resistance.
Detached leaf petiole embedded in 3% agar
in a 250 mL cup, and infested with
20 neonate larvae.
Flat and swollen pods (20 mm long) can be
used to evaluate peas for resistance to pea
weevil. Dual-choice and no-choice tests
can be used to identify genotypes resistant
to B. pisorum.
Excised leaf and intact whole plant bioassays
did not differ for the variables measured.
Excised leaf bioassay was easier to set up
and monitor, and took 75% less space in the
growth chamber.
A small plant growth unit supporting a single
stem cutting (vegetative propagule) infested
with 6 adults or 10 nymphs can be used to
screen for resistance to A. varia.
Whole plants were more useful to evaluate
lettuce cultivars for resistance to D. balteata
than excised plant parts.
Placing leaves in Hoagland’s solution was
better for screening of Brassica germplasm
for aphid resistance.
Detached leaf in water supported by a
fl oating polystyrene raft, with the lower
side of the leaf facing downwards
maintained the leaves in turgid condition
for 4 weeks.
McColl and Noble
(1992)
Olsen and Daly (2000);
Sharma et al. (2005b)
Ranjith and
Mohansundram
(1992)
Saeb, Nouri
Ghonbalani, and
Rajabi (2001)
Sharma et al. (2005b)
Sharma et al. (2005b)
Sharma et al. (2005b)
Hardie and Clement
(2001)
Elden (1999)
Cardona, Miles, and
Sotelo (1999)
Huang et al. (2003)
H. Singh, Rohilla, and
Singh (2001)
Sonneveld,
Wainwright, and
Labuschagne (1997)