Contents - Faperta

Physico-Chemical and Molecular Markers for Resistance to Insect Pests 161
FIGURE 6.5 Trichomes on the under surface of sorghum leaf associated with resistance to sorghum shoot fl y,
Atherigona soccata.
against Myzus persicae Sulzer (Lapointe and Tingey, 1984). Cotton white fl y, B. tabaci, adults
are trapped by the trichome exudates in tomato (Kisha, 1984). Presence of trichomes is also
associated with oviposition nonpreference in wheat to Hessian fl y, Mayetiola destructor
(Say) (Roberts et al., 1979) and to the cereal leaf beetle, O. melanoplus (Lampert et al., 1983),
to the spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in maize (Kumar, 1992), and shoot fl y
A. soccata in sorghum (Sharma and Nwanze, 1997) (Figure 6.5).
Glandular trichomes in pigeonpea are linked to susceptibility to H. armigera (Peter,
Shanower, and Romeis, 1995; Romeis, Shanower, and Peter, 1999; Sharma et al., 2001).
Trichomes and their exudates in chickpea infl uence the movement and feeding of neonate
larvae of H. armigera (Stevenson et al., 2005), and infl uence the feeding by larvae of the
spotted pod borer, M. vitrata in cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. (Jackai and Oghiakhe,
1989), and cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner), in soybean (Khan, Ward, and Norris,
1986). Trichomes on the pods of Vigna vexillata (L.), a wild relative of cowpea, are partly
responsible for resistance to the pod sucking bug, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal (Chiang
and Singh, 1988). Removal of glandular trichomes in wild potato, Solanum berthaulti Hawkes,
results in increased mortality of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)
(Neal, Steffens, and Tingey, 1989), and decreases the feeding by green peach potato aphid,
M. persicae (Lapointe and Tingey, 1984). Glandular trichomes in tomato and its wild relative,
L. hirsutum f glabratum L. confer resistance to H. zea (Farrar and Kennedy, 1987) and the
aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Musetti and Neal, 1997). Trichomes obstruct the
feeding by black wine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Fab.) in strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis
(L.) Duch. (Doss et al., 1987), and Epilachna verivestis (Mulsant) in soybean (Gannon and
Beach, 1996).
Plant Growth Responses
Hypersensitive growth responses of plants, such as rapidly growing tissues of cotton bolls,
may kill larvae of the bollworm, H. armigera. Rapidly growing tissue of cotton bolls also
kill the larvae of boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis (Boheman) (Hinds, 1906) and spotted
bollworm, E. vittella (Sharma and Agarwal, 1983b). Wild accession of Pisum sativum L. ssp.