California Preschool Learning Foundations - ECEZero2Three ...

caregiver. An adult with responsibility for
children in a family child care home,
or an adult who provides family, friend,
or neighbor care
contextualized language. Language used
to communicate about the “here and
now,” or immediate situation, with a person
who may share background knowledge
with the speaker and who is in the
same location as are the things, actions,
or events the speaker describes (Such
cues as intonation, gestures, and facial
expressions may support the meaning
that contextualized language conveys.)
decontextualized language. Language,
such as that in story narratives, used to
provide novel information to a listener
who may share limited background
knowledge with the speaker or who is
not in the same location where the things
or events described are located
early childhood setting. Any setting
outside the home in which preschool
children receive education and care
family caregiver. Mother, father, grandparent,
or other adult raising the child
at home
onset. The first consonant or consonant
cluster in a syllable (e.g., the h in the
one-syllable word hat, the m and k in the
two syllables in the word monkey)
orally blend. To combine sound elements
to make a word or syllable (e.g., combine
the phonemes “k” “a” “t” to make the
word cat)
phoneme. The individual unit of meaningful
sound in a word or syllable
phonemic awareness. A subtype of phonological
awareness (Phonological
awareness can refer to the detection or
manipulation of large and concrete units
of sounds, like words and syllables, or
smaller and abstract units of sound, like
onsets, rimes, and phonemes. Phonemic
awareness specifically refers to the ability
to manipulate or detect the smallest units
of sound in the words, the phonemes.)
Glossary
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phonological awareness. The ability to
detect or manipulate the sound structure
of spoken words, independent of meaning
(It is an increasingly sophisticated
capability that is highly predictive of, and
causally related to, children’s later ability
to read.)
pragmatics. The system of social rules for
using language in different communication
contexts or situations (Pragmatics
includes using language for different
purposes, such as greeting or requesting;
changing language according to the
needs of a listener or situation, such as
communicating differently to a baby than
to an adult; or following conversational
rules, such as taking turns, making eye
contact, or maintaining physical distance
during a conversation. These rules vary
among cultures.)
productive language. The process of
formulating and sending a message
(communicating) using language (Speech
is one form of productive or expressive
language. Other means to express
language include using sign language,
pointing to words and pictures on a communication
board, and producing written
messages on a computer screen.)
rime. Everything left in a syllable after the
onset is removed; the vowel and coda of a
syllable (e.g., the at in the single-syllable
word hat, the in in the single-syllable
word in)
receptive language. The process of receiving
and understanding communication
through language (Speech is one way
to receive messages through language.
Other means to receive language are sign
language, words and pictures on a communication
board, and written messages
on a computer screen.)
teacher. An adult with responsibility for
the education and care of children in a
preschool program
LANGUAGE AND LITERACY