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ω electric field pattern - mode A 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 open waveguide dispersion curve Dispersion relation for the disc-loaded waveguide mode B electric field pattern - mode B mode A 0 40 k=2π/λ Wavelengths with λp/2~ l will be most affected by the discs discs. On the contrary contrary, for λ λp=0 =0 and λ λp=∞ =∞ the wave does not see the discs → the dispersion curve remains that of the empty pipe. At λ λp/2= /2= l , the wave will be confined between the discs, and present 2 “polarizations” (mode A and B in the figure), 2 modes with same wavelength but different frequencies → the dispersion curve splits into 2 branches, separated by a stop band. In the disc-loaded waveguide, the lower branch of the dispersion curve is now “distorted” in such a way that h we can find f d a range of f ffrequencies with h vph = c → we can use it to accelerate a particle beam! WWe have h built a linac lin c for f v~c c → a TRAVELING WAVE (TW) ELECTRON LINAC 10
eam Traveling wave linac structures → Disc-loaded waveguide designed for v ph=c at a given frequency, equipped with an input and an output coupler. → RF power is introduced via the input coupler. Part of RF power is dissipated in the structure, part is taken by the beam (beam loading) and the rest is absorbed in a matched load at the end of the structure. Usually, structure length is such that ~30% of power goes to the load. load → The “traveling wave” structure is the standard linac for electrons from β~1. → Can not be used for ions at v
Page 1 and 2: Introduction to RF Linear Accelerat
Page 3 and 4: (v/c)^2 ( 1 Proton and Electron Vel
Page 5 and 6: Example: Superconducting Proton Lin
Page 7 and 8: RF input λ p TM01 field configurat
Page 9: Slowing down waves: the disc- loade
Page 13 and 14: mode 0 mode π/2 mode 2π/3 mode π
Page 15 and 16: Comparing traveling and standing wa
Page 17 and 18: Disc-loaded structures operating in
Page 19 and 20: Examples p of DTL Top; CERN Linac2
Page 21 and 22: eam Multigap linac structures: the
Page 23 and 24: Proton linac architecture - cell le
Page 25 and 26: Multi-gap Superconducting linac str
Page 27 and 28: Quarter Wave Resonators Simple 2-ga
Page 29 and 30: Focusing solenoids Examples: p an e
Page 31 and 32: Electron linac architecture EXAMPLE
Page 33 and 34: Heavy y Ion Linac Architecture EXAM
Page 35 and 36: Longitudinal g dynamics y → Ions
Page 37 and 38: Transverse dynamics - Space charge
Page 39 and 40: Transverse equilibrium in ion and e
Page 41 and 42: x_rms beaam size [m] High-intensity
Page 43 and 44: 55. DDouble bl periodic i di accele
Page 45 and 46: Mechanical errors differences in f
Page 47 and 48: The Side Coupled p Linac To operate
Page 49 and 50: The Cell-Coupled Drift Tube Linac W
Page 51 and 52: The Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ
Page 53 and 54: RFQ Qpproperties p - 2 3. The dista
Page 55 and 56: How to create a quadrupole RF mode
Page 57 and 58: Electron sources: give energy to th
Page 59 and 60: Accelerating structure: the choice
Page 61 and 62:
Mains Transforms mains power into D
Page 63:
Bibliography g p y 1. Reference Boo
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