Juntara vol. 1.pdf

h"gtf/f
jif{ ! cª\s ! j}zfv–c;f/ @)^(
k|sfzs tyf
k|wfg ;Dkfbs
k|f=8f= ;'ifdf cfrfo{
;Dkfbs
/fds[i0f cfrfo{
cfj/0f
6]sjL/ d'lvof
snf
k|Hjn yfkfdu/
sDKo'6/
lht]g dxh{g
afn ;Nnfxsf/
k|1fg cfrfo{
7]ufgf
;'ifdf cfrfo{
kf]i6 aS; g+= !%$
nlntk'/, g]kfn
acharyasushama@gmail.com,
kmf]g g+= )!–%%@@()*
d"No ?= %).–
ljifo ;"rL
+
/fli6«o ufg – Jofs'n dfOnf !
rGb|dfdf v/fof] -syf_ – k|f=8f= ;'ifdf cfrfo{ @
/fd|f] g/fd|f] -uLt_ – Zofdk|;fb zdf{ $
k'tnLsf] 3/ -sljtf_ – k|f= /fds'df/ kfF8] %
k|fylds pkrf/ -8fS6/sf] ;Nnfx_
– 8f= ;ldtf cfrfo{ ^
sfun] lsg dfkmL dfUof] -syf_ – u+uf kf}8]n *
d]/f] duhdf sL/f k¥of]< -sljtf_ – e"tsf] legfh' !#
snd -sljtf_ – nlntf bf]ifL !$
wfjs a}s'07 dfgGw/ -hLjgL_ !%
s'zn wfjs s;/L aGg ;lsG5 < -v]ns'b_ !*
afnaflnsfnfO{ s'ntaf6 hf]ufcf}
-dgf]j}1flgssf] ;'emfj_ – 8f= glGbtf zdf{ !(
cfdf -sljtf_ – ljz]io @#
cfj/0fdf kmf]6f] ePsf] afnssf] kl/ro @$
jL/tfsf] uf}/j -sljtf_ – zlQmafa' ;dbzL{ @^
ufpFvfg] syf -k|ltof]lutf_ @&
/ª eg{ 'xf];\ @*
yf]Knfdf qmd};Fu /]vf tfg]/ lrq k"/f ug{ 'xf];\ @(
;fyLnfO{ cfO;lqmd vfg ;xof]u ug{ 'xf];\ @(
sf] 7"nf] < -;+jfb_ – /fds[i0f cfrfo{ #)
;]jf -sljtf_ – zfGtf nDh]n #@
;fdfGo 1fg ##
cdnf -k|aGw_ – k|f=8f= ;'ifdf cfrfo{ #$
g]kfn -sljtf_ – ofd'gf cf? #^
a'l4dfgL 5f]/L -syf_ #&
h"gtf/f 39
afnklqsf

;DkfbsLo
afns syf ;'Gg dfq xf]Og ;'gfpg rfxG5, v]n x]g{ dfq xf]Og v]Ng rfxG5 / uLt
;'Gg eGbf ufpg rfxG5 . t;y{ afnaflnsfsf lglDt k|sflzt kqklqsfdf s]jn
dgf]/~hg / k| ]/0ffbfoL ;fdu|L dfq g/xL Pp6f ;+;f/} lglxt ePsf] x'g'k5{ . ;flxTo, snf /
;+:s[lt;Fu ;DalGwt /rgfx¿sf] ;fy} afn ;'ne pbfQ u'0fx¿ h:tf] k| ]d, jfT;No,
;fx;, g}ltstf, pNnf;, ldqtf, s?0ff, bof cflbnfO{ k|:km'l6t u/fpg] /rgfx¿ ;/n /
;xh efifdf cleJoQm ePsf] x'g'k5{ . h;af6 afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ dxfg JolQm agfpg
;xof]u k'uf];\ .
k|:t't k|sflzt afnklqsf ‘h"gtf/f’ o;}sf] gd'gf xf] . cfhsf] PSsfO;f} +
ztfAbLdf ljB'tLo k|0ffnLsf] ljsl;t dfWod ;"rgf / ;~rf/sf] If]qn] bz jif{sf] afn
dgl:yltnfO{ klg xTof, lx+;f, anfTsf/, ljs[lt / lj;Íltx¿af6 rf]vf] g/fvL cfkm"leq
s}b ug{ ;kmn eO;s]sf] 5 . o; cj:yfaf6 afnaflnsfnfO{ hf]ufpg' xfdL ;a}sf]
st{Jo xf] . o;/L afnaflnsfnfO{ lbUe|ldt x'gaf6 hf]ufP/ ;flxTosf] dfWodn] afnssf]
zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s / ;+j]ufTds ljsf;sf] lglDt kf7\oqmd tyf kf7\ok':tsdf gePsf
?lrs/ ;fdu|Lx¿ /fvL afnklqsf k|sflzg ug{ ' cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] .
afnklqsf s]jn afnaflnsfx¿sf] nflu dfq eGg] g7fgL cleefjs, lzIfs
tyf afn dgf]j}1flgsx¿n] rf;f] lnO{ k|sflzt ;fdu|L cfÇgf] j+zh, ljBfyL{ / cfd
afnssf lglDt pkof]uL eP gePsf] x]/L ljZn]if0f u/L ;Nnfx, ;'emfj lbg'x'g xflb{s
cg'/f]w ub{5' . x/]s cËdf tf/f¿kL afnsx¿nfO{ k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng nufpg'xf];\ .
/rgfx¿ k7fpg k|f]T;fxg ug{ 'xf];\ . pTs[i6 afnsnfO{ h"g agfO{ k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug{ ;xof]u
ug{ 'xf];\ .
h"gtf/f 40
afnklqsf

fli6«o ufg
;of} + y'ª\uf km"nsf xfdL, Pp6} dfnf g]kfnL
;fj{ef}d eO{ km}lnPsf, d]rL dxfsfnL .
k|s[ltsf sf]6Lsf]6L ;Dkbfsf] cfFrn
jL/x¿sf /utn], :jtGq / c6n .
1fge"ld, zflGte"ld t/fO{, kxf8, lxdfn
cv08 of] Kof/f] xfd|f] dft[e"ld g]kfn .
ax'n hflt, efiff, wd{, ;+:s[lt 5g\ ljzfn
cu|ufdL /fi6« xfd|f], ho ho g]kfn .
Jofs'n dfOnf
h"gtf/f 1
afnklqsf

syf
rGb|dfdf v/fof]
k|f=8f= ;'ifdf cfrfo{
Pslbg Pp6f a"9f] dfG5]n] rGb|nf]saf6 tn k[YjLnf]sdf x]¥of] . Pp6f hª\undf
hgfj/x¿ v'a ldn]/ a;]sf] b]Vof] . tL hgfj/x¿ lyP– Pp6f afFb/, Pp6f Çofp/f] /
Pp6f v/fof] . Tof] b]v]kl5 p;sf]
dgdf tL tLg ;fyLx¿df ;a}eGbf
bofn' sf] xf]nf eg]/ hfGg] OR5f
eof] . To;kl5 Tof] a"9f] dfG5]
rGb|nf]saf6 Pp6f dfUg]sf] ¿k
lnP/ tL tLg hgfj/x¿ ePsf]
7fpFdf cfof] . ltgLx¿sf] cufl8
uP/ dnfO{ ;fx| } ef]s nfu]sf] 5
vfgb]pm eg]/ af/Daf/ eGg yfNof] .
h"gtf/f 2
afnklqsf

afFb/, Çofp/f] / v/fof]nfO{ ;fx| } kL/ k¥of] .
o:tf] a"9f] dfUg]nfO{ s]xL t vfg lbg'k5{ eGg]
ljrf/ tLg} hgfj/n] u/] . ;j{k|yd afFb/
uP/ ?vaf6 s]xL kmnkm"n, l6k]/ NofP/
lbof] . o;} u/L Çofp/fn] vf]nfaf6 df5f
df/]/ NofOlbof] s]xL klg Nofpg g;Sbf
v/fof] ;fx| } lrlGtt eof] .
Psl5gkl5 p;sf] dgdf Pp6f
ljrf/ cfof] . v/fof]n] cfÇgf] Pp6f ;fyL
afFb/nfO{ ?vaf6 s]xL bfp/f a6'Ng nufof] /
csf{ ] ;fyL Çofp/f]nfO{ a6'n]sf] bfp/fdf
cfuf] ;Nsfpg nufof] . cfuf] a];/L aNg
yfn]kl5 clg v/fof]n] dfUg]nfO{ eGof]– æd}n] ltdLnfO{ s]xL klg lbg ;lsg To;}n] d
cfkm} + cfuf]df k:5' . ha d kfS5'
clg ltdLn] d]/f] df;' vfg' x}
eGof] .Æ olt eGg] lalQs} v/fof]
pk|m]/ cfuf]df xfd kmfNg nfu]sf]
lyof], ToxL g} a]nf dfUg]n] cfÇgf]
¿k abn]/ rGb|nf]ssf] a"9f]dfG5]
aGof] / v/fof]nfO{ eGof]– æv/fof],
ltdL w]/} g} bofn' /x]5f} . d]/f] nflu
ltdLn] cfkm"nfO{ dfg{ cfuf]df xfd gkmfn, a? d ltdLnfO{ cfkm";Fu} rGb|nf]sdf nfG5' .Æ
olt eg]/ rGb|nf]saf6 cfPsf] a"9f] dfG5]n] v/fof]nfO{ cFufnf] xfn]/ rGb|nf]sdf g} lnP/
uof] . To;}n] cfh klg h"g /fd|/L nfu]sf] a]nfdf rGb|dfdf x]g{ ] xf] eg] Pp6f a"9f]dfG5] /
v/fof] ;Fu} a;]sf] b]Vg]5f} + .
h"gtf/f 3
afnklqsf

uLt
rf8} F ;'Tg] rf8} F p7\g]
afgL w]/} /fd|f]
ca]/ ;'Tg] ca]/ p7\g]
cfgLafgL g/fd|f] .
s v u 3 P aL ;L 8L
n]Vg] afgL /fd|f]
ghfg]sf s'/f l;Sg]
afgL ;f/} /fd|f] .
/fd|f] g/fd|f]
dfof ug{ ] afgL /fd|f]
srsr ug{ ] g/fd|f]
s]6fs]6LnfO{ s'6\g]
emg\ w]/} g/fd|f] .
v]Ng] s'/f n'sfOlbg]
kmfln lbg] g/fd|f]
/fd|f v]n l;sfpg]
afgL eg] /fd|f] .
Zofdk|;fb zdf{
h"gtf/f 4
afnklqsf

sljtf
p7 gfgL p7 afa'
cl3 cl3 ;/
k'tnLnfO{ ;'tfpg]
agfO{ lbpFnf 3/ .
kvf{n nufO{ ;]nsf]
3/af/L 3]g{ ],
ds} km"n 5/]/
au} +rf agfO{ x]g{ ] .
k]8f 5fKg] e"OFdf
Njfªsf] lsnf 7f]s]/
;]t} kfg{ ] leQf hlt
v'jf, dxL kf]t]/ .
nfndf]gsf] aQL afnL
vh'/Lsf] 5tdf
n8\8'sf] v'§f xfnL
lgDsLsf] vf6df
k'tnLsf] 3/
s;f/sf] hudf
dgef]u df6f]
aDj};gsf] uf/f]
O{6sf] ;f6f] .
k'/L 5fgf c8fpg
ltnf}/Lsf] ;Q/L
‰ofn xfNg] h'NkmLsf]
9f]sf vfkf h]/L
k|f= /fds'df/ kfF8]
kfp/f]6L 8:gf dfly
tlsof xfNg] b"wj/L
af/fsf] rs6L lbpFnf
cf]9\g] rflxF :jf/L .
p7 afa' p7 gfgL
dfly dfly ;/
k'tnLnfO{ ;'tfpg]
agfO{ lbpFnf 3/ .
h"gtf/f 5
afnklqsf

8fS6/sf] ;Nnfx
k|fylds pkrf/
8f= ;ldtf cfrfo{
kf6g c:ktfn
efOalxgLx¿, d cfh tkfO{ +x¿nfO{ ljleGg sf/0fj; x'g] b'3{6gfaf6 nfUg]
rf]6k6ssf] 3/df g} ug{ ;lsg] k|fylds pkrf/sf] af/]df atfpFb}5' . x'g t /f]usf] pkrf/
ug{ 'eGbf /f]u nfUg glbg' g} j]z xf], t/ xfdL ;a}n] grfxFbf grfxFb} klg ljleGg k|sf/sf
rf]6k6s nfUg ;Sb5g\, To;}n] o:tf ;fdfGo s'/fx¿sf] k|fylds pkrf/ hfgL /fVg' /fd|f]
xf] . d km]l/ klg efOalxgLx¿nfO{ ;fjwfg u/fpg rfxG5' . xfdLn] ;s];Dd rf]6k6s
nfUg glbg' g} 7Ls xf] . t;y{ ltdLx¿sf] rsrs ug{ ] afgL 5 eg] 1fgL x'g' g} ;a}eGbf
/fd|f] pkrf/ xf] . ca xfdL ;fwf/0ftof x'g] s]xL rf]6k6ssf] af/]df rrf{ u/f} + M
-!_ gfsaf6 /ut aUg' M ;fdfGo rf]6 nfu]/ cyjf
clws ugf{sf] sf/0faf6 gfsaf6 /ut au]df
cufl8 em's]/ gfssf] km]bdf /ut aUg g/f]lsP;Dd
RofKk ;dfpg' kb{5 . o;f] ugf{n] gfsaf6 /ut aUg
/f]lsG5 .
-@_ kf]n]sf] 3fp M ljleGg sf/0fj; cfuf],
cfuf]sf] lemNsf, tftf]kfgL jf tftf] t]nn] kf]n]sf]
v08df lr;f] kfgLsf] wf/fn] 3fpnfO{ kvfNg' k5{ .
o;f] u/]df kf]n]sf] sf/0fn] cfpg] kfgLsf kmf]sf
cfpg sd x'G5g\ . kf]n]sf] 7fpFdf 5fnf hfg] u/L 3fp
ePsf] 5 eg] lr;f] kfgLsf] wf/fn] kvfln;s]kl5
kf]n]sf] 7fpFdf nufpg] dnd nufpg' k5{ .
h"gtf/f 6
afnklqsf

-#_ l5Ns]sf]÷lkN;]sf] 3fp M v]Nbf, s'b\bf n8]/
cyjf sfd ubf{ b'3{6gj; rf]6 nfUg uO{ ePsf]
3fpnfO{ ;j{k|yd ;kmf;Fu ;fa'g kfgLn] w'g'kb{5 .
wf]O{;s]kl5 s'g} antiseptic 8]6n jf ;+dng
nufpg' kb{5 . ;fgf] 3fp 5 eg] 3fpdf nufpg] 6]k
nufpg ;lsG5 / 7"nf] 3fp 5 eg] uhn] 5f]Kg
;lsG5 .
-$_ /Qm>fj M s'g} wfl/nf] a:t'n] sf6]/ /ut
alx/x]sf] 5 eg] To:tf] 3fpdf ;kmf sk8f /fv]/
hf]8n] lyRg' kb{5 . o;f] ubf{ klg /ut axg /f]lsPg
eg] glhssf] :jf:Yo s]Gb|df ;Dks{ ug{ ' kb{5 .
-%_ d8\s]sf]÷;8\s]sf] jf x8\8L efFlrPsf] M d8\s]sf],
;8\s]sf] jf x8\8L efFlrPsf] zª\sf ePdf To:tf]
efunfO{ dfln; ug{ 'sf] ;f6f] s'g} bx|f] j:t'sf] k|of]u u/]/
grNg] u/L afFWg' kb{5 / l56f] :jf:Yo s]Gb|df ;Dks{
ug{ 'kb{5 .
h"gtf/f 7
afnklqsf

syf
sfun] lsg dfkmL dfUof]
u+uf kf}8]n
dfsdfs 3'/ dfsdfs 3'/ egL k/]jfn], 9's'/s'/ 9's'/s'/ egL s'n{ +b} 9's'/n],
lr/\lr/\r'/\r'/\ egL km's{ +b} eFu]/fn] cfÇgf ar]/fx¿ hGd]sf] va/ ;'gfP . ;Gtfg nfe
ePsf]df tL r/fx¿ v';Ln] bª\u k/] .
k/]jf, 9's'/, eFu]/fdf ulx/f] ldqtf x'g'sf ;fy} ltgLx¿ c;n l5d]sL klg x'g\ .
Pp6} 3/sf] sDkfp08leq 9f]sf cufl8 /hgLuGwfsf] ‰ofª\leq 9's'/sf], aflx/L
e¥ofªd'gL s'gfdf k/]jfsf], leQfsf] v6\Kjfndf eFu]/fsf] u'F8
5 .
;dosf] cGt/fn;Fu} ar]/fx¿ a9\g yfn] . lhpdf dl;gf KjfFvx¿ pd| ] . u'F8df
y'k'Ss ga;]/ rsrs ub{ } aflx/ lg:sg vf]h] . klxnf kf]yLn] ar]/f ?FUyL efn]n] rf/f]
cf];fYof{ ] . ca Pp6fn] cf];f/]sf] rf/f]n] k'u]g . To;}n] k/]jfn] ldqx¿;Fu eGof]– æxfdL
h"gtf/f 8
afnklqsf

kfnf] u/f} F . tkfO{ +x¿ aflx/ uPsf] a]nf xfdL u'F8
?FlulbG5f} F, xfdL uPsf] a]nf tkfO{ +x¿
?Flulbg'xf];\ .Æ
Pp6} ;d:of ePsf 9's'/ / eFu]/fn] k/]jfsf] s'/fdf ;xdlt hgfP . To;/L lbglbg}
cfnf] kfnf] ldnfpFbf ar]/fx¿ ;'/lIft eP .
s]xL lbgb]lv Tot} glhs u'F8
ePsf] Pp6f sfun] r/fx¿sf] lrof] ul//x]sf]
lyof] . p;n] dgdg} ;f]Rof]– ætL ar]/f ;dfTg kfP lzsf/ vf]Hg 6f9f hfg} kb{ }g, t/ s;/L
;dfTg' < Pp6f g Pp6fn] u'F8
5f]8]s} x'Fb}g
.Æ p;n] km]l/ ;f]Rof]– æca ltgLx¿sf] ldqtfdf
kmf6f] kf5{ 'Æ .
sfun] k/]jfnfO{ PSn} e]6]/ eGof]– æx]g{ ';\ 9's'/, eFu]/fnfO{ ldq 7fg]/ ar]/f
5f]8\g'x'G5 . pgLx¿ tkfO{sf] u'F8
x]b{ }gg\ . ltgLx¿sf] ljZjf; gug{ 'xf];\ . lxhf] d}n] b]v] F / kf]
gq ar]/f u'F8af6
v;]/ dy{ ] .Æ
sfusf s'/f ;'g]/ k/]jfsf] lhp l;l/ª\u} eof] . pm ;fyLx¿;Fu leqleq} l/;fof] .
To;}u/L sfun] 9's'/nfO{ klg PSn} e]6]/ eGof]– ætkfO{n] k/]jf, eFu]/fnfO{ ldq g7fg] x'G5 .
ltgLx¿ :jfyL{ 5g\ . cfÇgf] ar]/fx¿ dfq x]5{g\ . tkfO{sf x]b{ }gg\ . lxhf] d}n] gb]v]sf] eP
tL slnnf ar]/f e"OFdf v;]/ vQd} x'Gy] .Æ
h"gtf/f 9
afnklqsf

sfusf] s'/f ;'g]/ 9's'/ 5fFufaf6 v;]em} + eof] . p;sf] ;ª\nf] dg cfÇgf
ldqx¿k|lt wldnf] x'g yfNof] . pm leqleq} s'Fl8of]
.
p;n] eFu]/fnfO{ klg PSn} e]6]/ eGof]– æk/]jf, 9's'/ tkfO{sf ldq x'g} ;St}gg\ . tL
cfkm"nfO{ 7"nf 5f} F eg]/ 3d08 u5{g\ . tkfO{nfO{ /lQ klg uGb}gg\ . ar]/fsf] x]/ ljrf/ emg\
s] uy{ ] . lxhf] d ToxL af6f] uPsf] lyPF, tkfO{sf ar]/f u'F8sf]
l8naf6 v:g} cfF6]sf] b]v] F .
em6k6 ltgLx¿nfO{ leq /flvlbPF gq e'OFdf v;]/ tL ar]/fsf] k|f0fkv]? g} p8\Yof] .Æ
sfusf s'/f ;'g]/ eFu]/fsf] cf]7 d'v ;'Sof] . pm e'?? p8]/ u'F8df
k'Uof] . ar]/fnfO{
DjfO{ vfof] . pm klg dgdg} ldqx¿b]lv l/;fof] .
k/]jf, 9's'/, eFu]/f klxn]h:tf] af]nrfn ug{ 5f]8] . Pscsf{sf] u'F8df
cfpghfg
;d]t aGb u/] . Tof] b]v]/ sfu cfÇgf] clei6 k"/f ePsf]df v';L eof] .
9's'/sf] hf]8L rf/f] vf]Hg uPsf] df}sf 5f]kL p;n] Pp6f ar]/fnfO{ 6kSs l6k]/
gª\u|fn] RofkL cfÇgf] u'F8lt/
p8fP/ nUof] . k/]jf / eFu]/fn] b]v] . ar]/f lrFlrFlrF u/]/
afaf ¤ cfdf ¤ eGb} lrRofP/ /f]of] . klxnf cln jf:tf gu/] klg kl5 k/]jfsf] dgn]
dfg]g . a]un] p8]/ sfunfO{ k5\ofof] . kf]yL klg efn]sf] kl5kl5 p8L . Tof] b]v]/ eFu]/f]
klg p8\of] .
h"gtf/f 10
afnklqsf

sfu u'F8df
k'u]sf] dfq lyof] k/]jfsf efn]kf]yL / eFu]/fnfO{ Ps};fy b]v]/ eml:sof] .
efn] k/]jfn] /ftf/ft cfFvf kf/]/ emkfb{ } eGof]– æTof] ar]/fnfO{ 5f]8, ab\df; .Æ kf]yLn] egL–
æcsf{sf] aRrf rf]g{ ] y'OSs kfkL .Æ
eFu]/fn] yKof] – æof] sfu t d'v} sfnf], k]6} sfnf] ePsf] ckx/0fsf/L xf] . o;n]
gfgfefFtL s'/f nufP/ xfd|f] ldqtfdf efFhf] xfnL ar]/f vfg] bfp vf]h]sf] /x]5 . o:tf
ck/fwLnfO{ To;} 5f]8\g'x'Gg .Æ
gª\u|fn] Roflk/x]sf] 9's'/sf] ar]/f] lrFlrFlrFlrF ub{ } /f]O/x]sf] lyof] . pmlt/ PskN6
sfun] x]¥of] . 3'6'Ss y's lgNof] . dgdg} eGof]– æd'vdf cfPsf] cfxf/f klg sf] d"v{n]
5f]8\5 < dHhfn] rf]S6f n'l5n'l5 :jfb lnP/ vfg'k5{ .Æ
sfun] c6]/ u/L ar]/f g5f]8]sf] b]v]/ efn] k/]jf km]l/ hª\luFb} eGof]– æ5f]8\5;\ ls
t]/f] ar]/f n}hfpF

sfusf] k~hfaf6 km'Ts]sf] km'Rr] 9's'/ 8/n] y/y/ sfDb} k/]jfsL kf]yLsf]
kFv]6fleq n'Sg uof] . k/]jLn] dfof u/]/ p;nfO{ RofkL . k/]jfsf hf]8L / eFu]/f 9's'/sf]
ar]/fnfO{ lnP/} kms{ ] .
cfÇgf ar]/f NofOlbPsf]df u'F8df
/f]O/x]sf 9's'/sf hf]8Ln] k/]jf / eFu]/fnfO{
wGojfb lbP . k/]jfn] eGof]– æxfdL sfusf] hfndf k/]/ ldqtfdf zª\sf u¥of} F . ga'emL
;DaGw lauf¥of} F, cab]lv c¿sf s'/f g;'gf} F s;f] ldqx¿

sljtf
/u/u ;s;s /u/u ;s;s
u/L/xG5, u/L/xG5
wfdL cfof] 9\ofª\u|f] 76fof]
b]a| ] xftn] gfs ;dfof],
s'n Bf}tfsf] efsn esfof]
emfFqmL cfof] emfFqmf lkmhfof] .
6'kLsf] 6'Kkf] 6Kk ;dfof]
jfo'b]jsf] bf]if atfof]
Hof]ltlif cfof] lrgf dufof],
;f9];ftsf] cGTo hgfof]
xft x]g{ ]n] v8\uf] b]Vof]
zflGt ug{ ] ;bf{d n]Vof]
k'/]thLn] d'v ld7\ofP
kfo;–ldl>t xf]d agfP,
‘d]/f] duhdf sL/f k¥of]

sljtf
snd ;fgf] eP klg
u5{ 7"nf] sfd
;fyL d]/f] sndn]
rDsfpF5 gfd
cIf/ kq n]V5 snd
lrq klg sf]5{
sljtf / syf n]Vg
;w} F cl3 ;5{ .
ljåfg aG5g\ dfG5]x¿
sndn] n]vL
hlt u'0f eP klg
ub{ }g pm ;]vL
snd
sfnf], gLnf], xl/of], ;]tf]
;a} x'G5 /ª\u
hf]hf];Fu a:bf klg
snd k5{ bª\u .
nlntf bf]ifL
h"gtf/f 14
afnklqsf

hLjgL
wfjs a}s'07 dfgGw/
/fli6«o v]nf8L a}s'07 dfgGw/ lktf
s]bf/ dfgGw/ / dftf dª\unb]jL dfgGw/sf]
sf]vaf6 lj=;+= @))( ;fn sflt{s k"l0f{dfsf
lbg sflndf6L sf7df8f} +df hlGdg'eof] .
pxfFnfO{ OGb|nfn u'?jfrfo{n] cIf/
lrgfpg'eof] . k|yd u'? OGb|nfn u'?jfrfo{n] g}
gfFRg, ufpg / bf}l8g klg l;sfpg'eof] . u'?n]
l;sfpFb} hfFbf cfkm"nfO{ yfx} geO{ dfgGw/n]
bf}l8g / v]Ng yfNg'eof] . u'?jfrfo{ a}s'07nfO{
cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/Lh:t} dfof ug{ 'x'GYof] . w]/}
s]6fs]6LnfO{ lgMz'Ns k9fOlbg'x'GYof] . To;}df
a}s'07 klg ;xefuL eP/ k9\g'x'GYof] .
u'?jfrfo{af6 w]/} hgfn] lzIff k|fKt ug{ 'eof] . pxfF hfteftsf] cfwf/df e]befj ug{ 'x'GgYof] .
;dfh;]jL u'?jfrfo{sf v'§f rGb}gy], lxF8\8'n ug{ ;Sg'x'GgYof] . cfkm"n] s]xL ug{ g;s]
klg c¿nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ ] pxfFsf] afgL lyof] . pxfFn] uLt ufpg, afhf ahfpg l;sfpg]
ePsfn] ufos gf/fo0f uf]kfn, k| ]dWjh cflbn] klg e]6\g] ug{ 'x'GYof] .
a}s'07 dfgGw/ zflGt lgs'~h lzIffnodf sIff rf/df egf{ eP/ k9\g yfNg'eof] .
pxfF k9fOdf dWod :t/sf] ljBfyL{ x'g'x'GYof] . sIff ^ df k9\bfb]lv g} 6'Fl8v]ndf
bf}l8g
yfNg'eof] . pxfF cltl/Qm lqmofsnfkdf efu lng'x'GYof] . Tolta]nf;Dd s;/L bf}8 ;'?jft
ug{ 'k5{ eGg] af/] pxfFnfO{ yfxf lyPg . s'g nfOgdf bf}l8g'k5{ eGg] klg yfxf lyPg .
k|ltof]lutfdf efu lnP klg /fd|f] :yfg k|fKt ug{ ;Sg'ePsf] lyPg . sIff b;df k'u]kl5
h"gtf/f 15
afnklqsf

wfjs aGg'k5{ eGg] nfUof] / cfkm} bf}8sf] cEof; ug{ yfNg'eof] . ;w} F nueu Ps dfOn
bf}l8g] ug{ 'eof] . o;sf] kmn:j¿k ;a} eGbf a9L bf}l8g ;Sg] pkTosfsf] ln8/ aGg'eof] .
pxfF ljBfyL{ hLjgdf /]8qm;, :sfp6df ;+nUg x'g'eof] . :sfp6af6 g} cg'zfl;t
aGg, dflg;sf] ;]jf ug{ l;Sg'eof] . Tolta]nf nId0f ljqmd zfx / dw' zdz]/ :yflkt
v]nf8L x'g'x'GYof] . a}s'07 dfgGw/ eljiodf /fd|f] v]nf8L aGg ;Sg] b]v]/ pxfFx¿n]
k|lzIf0f lbg yfNg'eof] . zfx / zdz]/n] ef/tdf uP/ v]n;DaGwL 1fg k|fKt ug{ 'ePsf]
lyof] . pxfFx¿n] dfgGw/nfO{ bz/y /Ízfnfdf bf}l8g l;sfpg'eof] . kl/jf/sf] ;b:o,
efO 5f]/fsf] Jojxf/ ug{ 'eof] . To;kl5, a}s'07n] /fli6«o v]ndf efu lnO{ lah]tf aGg'eof] .
lah]tf ePkl5, klqsfdf kmf]6f] k|sflzt ePsf] ;fyLx¿af6 yfxf kfpg'eof] . bf}8sf]
lah]tf eP klqsfdf kmf]6f] cfpF5 eGg] yfxf gkfPsf dfgGw/ klqsfdf kmf]6f] b]v]/ Psbd
v';L x'g'eof] . To;kl5 pxfFnfO{ ;fyLx¿ eGy], æ8fS6/sf] gfd / kmf]6f] klqsfdf gcfpg]
t/ ltd|f] gfd / kmf]6f] klqsfdf cfpg] .Æ
klxn]sf lbg ;Demb} a}s'07 dfgGw/n] eGg'eof], æu'? dw' zdz]/n] a]:;/L bf}8g
nufpg'x'GYof] . bf}8bf v'§f b'Vy], z/L/ b'VYof] . o:tf] x'Fbf
lk;fa nfUof] eg]/ efUg] uy{ ] .
l9nf];Dd x/fOlbGy] . u'? vf]Hb} hfg'x'GYof], ltdLnfO{ slt nfdf] lk;fj nfu]sf] eGg'x'GYof] .
u'?n] c;fWo} dfof ug{ 'x'GYof] . vfg]s'/f v'jfpg'x'GYof] . d]/f] v]n hLjgdf pxfFsf] 7"nf]
of]ubfg 5 . u'?n] g} :jfledfgL aGg / b]znfO{ k| ]d ug{ l;sfpg'eof] . d d]/f u'? dw'
zdz]/nfO{ slxNo} lal;{g ;lSbg .Æ
lj=;+= @)#) ;fndf lhtaxfb'/ s]=;L=, eQmaxfb'/ ;fksf]6f / a}s'07 dfgGw/
lkmlnlkG;df bf}8g hfg'eof] . ToxfF hfklgh, sf]l/og cflbn] efu lnPsf lyP .
To;a]nfsf s'/f a}s'07nfO{ cem} F tfh} /x]5g\ . pxfFn] eGg'eof], æpgLx¿ xfd|f] efiff, xfdL
pgLx¿sf] efiff a'em\b}gYof} + . dnfO{ clncln cª\u| ]hL af]Ng cfpYof] . u'?s} cufl8
klxnf] rf]6L gldn] klg cª\u| ]hL af]n] . d]/f] 8] «; b]v]/ ljb]zL v]nf8Lx¿ k|Zg ul//xGy] .
d]/f h'Qf RofltPsf lyP . pgLx¿ t]/f] h'Qfsf] sk8f s] ePsf] < eg]/ ;f]Wy] . dfp06
Pe/]i6sf] b]zaf6 cfPsf]n] h'Qf RofltPsf x'g\ egL hjfkm lbGy] .Æ
cfkm" ;Ddflgt x'Fbfsf]
If0fnfO{ :d/0f ub{ } a}s'07 dfgGw/n] eGg'eof], æd]/f]
;Ddfgdf Pp6f sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . l6=eL= n] nfOe b]vfPsf] lyof] . cfkm"
h"gtf/f 16
afnklqsf

d~rdf x'Fbf
u'? k5fl8 a;]sf] b]v] F . dnfO{ ;fx| } cK7]/f] nfUof] . nlHht ePsf] dxz'; u/] F .
To;kl5 u'?nfO{ d~rdf af]nfP/ pkxf/ lbPF . cfb/0fLo u'? dw' zdz]/ gePsf] eP d
cfh /fli6«o v]nf8Lsf] of] :yfgdf cfpg ;Sg] lyPg . d kmflnPsf] dfG5]nfO{ lx/f, df]tL,
;'g agfpg] 7"nf] sfd pxfFn] g} ug{ 'eof] . lxnf]df wl;Psf] dfG5]nfO{ /fli6«o v]nf8L
agfpg'eof] . d]/f u'?nfO{ ;w} + ;Ddfg u5'{
. u'?sf] nflu s]xL ug{ g;s] klg u'? k"l0f{dfsf]
lbgdf km"nsf] dfnf nufOlbG5' . u'? eGbf r]nf cl3 x'Fbf
gdHhf nfU5 . clxn] klg u'?n]
;Nnfx, ;'emfjx¿ lbg'x'G5 . u'?n] l;sfpFbf g} pkTosfsf] ;dy/ 7fpFdf bf}8g] dfG5]
lxdfn, kxf8sf] cK7]/f] af6f]df klg bf}8g ;Sg] ePF . u'?sf] eLid k|lt1f, k| ]/0ff / cfÇgf]
d]xgt, cg'zf;gsf] sf/0fn] dnfO{ ;kmntf k|fKt eof] .Æ
a}s'07 dfgGw/sf] 3/sf] cfly{s cj:yf sdhf]/ lyof] . kl/jf/df cf7 hgf
bfh'efO / tLg hgf lbbLalxgL x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFsL cfdfn] w]/} b'Mv u/]/ 5f]/f5f]/L
x'sf{pg'eof] . dfgGw/ 3/fo;L sfddf cfdfnfO{ ;3fpg'x'GYof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] æcfdfn]
b'Mv gu/]sf] eP d of] 7fpFdf k'Ug] lyPg . d]/f] hLjgdf cfdfsf] of]ubfg ;a}eGbf a9L 5 .
d}n] k9\bf efOx¿ ;a}n] k9] + .Æ
lj=;+= @)#& ;fndf a}s'07 dfgGw/sf] ;'eb|f dfgGw/;Fu dfuL ljjfx ;DkGg eof] .
pxfFsf b'O{ 5f]/f / b'O{ 5f]/L 5g\ . 5f]/f5f]/L v]n If]qdf cfa4 5}gg\ . dfgGw/sf cg';f/
pTs[i6 aGg w]/} tk:of ug{ 'k5{ . ;a}n] tk:of ug{ ;Sb}gg\ .
g]kfnL v]n If]qsf ;kmn wfjs a}s'07 dfgGw/n] ljleGg k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug{ 'ePsf]
5 . pxfFn] z'e/fHoleif]s ljz]if kbs, uf]/vf blIf0f afx' rf}yf, ;'ljVoft lqzlQm k§,
o'jf k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug{ 'ePsf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o cf]nlDks sld6Låf/f ;Ddflgt x'g'ePsf] 5 .
pxfFnfO{ ljleGg 7fpFdf clegGbg ul/Psf] 5 . l;+xfk'/, lkmlnlkG;, ef/taf6 gub k'/:sf/
klg k|fKt ug{ 'ePsf] 5 . pxfFnfO{ v]nf8Ldf ‘jif{s} pTs[i6 v]nf8L’ (Best player of the
year) 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 .
a}s'07 dfgGw/n] ljBfyL{ efOalxgLnfO{ eGg'eof], æljBfyL{ efOalxgL cg'zfl;t
aGg'k5{ . x/]s kfOnf kfOnfdf cg'zf;gdf Wofg lbg'k5{ . u'?n] eg]sf] dfGbf cfÇgf]
uGtJodf cjZo k'luG5 . uGtJodf k'Ubf ;a}n] cfb/ ;Ddfg k|fKt ub{5g\ . d tNnf]
:t/af6 cfPsf] dfG5] eP klg cfÇgf] v]n hLjgaf6 ;Gt'i6 5' .Æ
h"gtf/f 17
afnklqsf

v]ns'b
s'zn wfjs s;/L aGg ;lsG5 <
æc:ktfn agfpg'eGbf :j:y vfg]s'/f / v]ns'bdf Wofg lbg'k5{ .Æ
:s'ndf v]ns'b ;DaGwL vf;}
rf;f] lbOPsf] kfOFb}g . ;'?b]lv g}
afnaflnsfnfO{ v]n v]Ng l;sfpg'k5{ .
cfdfa'jf / lzIfsn] v]ndf ljz]if hf]8
lbg'k5{ . v]nn] cg'zfl;t, c;n, OdfGbf/
/ :j:y gful/s tof/ kf5{ . c:ktfn
agfpg'eGbf :j:y vfg]s'/f / v]ns'bdf
Wofg lbg'k5{ .
cg'zf;gdf /x]/ lgoldt bf}8g]
afnaflnsf eljiosf s'zn wfjs aGg
;S5g\ . afnaflnsfn] lgDglnlvt s'/fdf
Wofg lbP/ bf}l8g'k5{ M
-s_ 3/df cfdfa'jfn], :s'ndf lzIfsn]
afnaflnsfnfO{ bf}8g pTk| ]l/t
ug{ 'k5{ .
-v_ afnaflnsfn] lgoldt ¿kdf
bf}l8g'k5{ .
-u_ afnaflnsf cg'zfl;t aGg'k5{ .
-3_ cf–cfÇgf] nfOgdf dfq bf}8g'k5{ .
-ª_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ afwf k'¥ofpg' x'Fb}g
.
-r_ afnaflnsfn] bf}8sf] qmddf x/]; vfg' x'Fb}g
.
-5_ !)), @)), $)), *)) ld6/sf] /]vfdf bf}8g] ug{ 'k5{ .
~ wfjs a}s'07 dfgGw/
h"gtf/f 18
afnklqsf

dgf]j}1flgssf] ;'emfj
afnaflnsfnfO{ s'ntaf6 hf]ufcf} F
8f= glGbtf zdf{
dgf]lj1fg s]Gb|Lo ljefu
sLlt{k'/
afnaflnsfnfO{ c;n agfpg / s'ntaf6 hf]ufpg Wofg lbg'kg{ ] s]xL s'/fx¿
o;k|sf/ 5g\ M
afnaflnsfsf] l;sfO hGdg] lalQs} b]lv ;'? x'G5 . To;}n] pgLx¿nfO{ ;fg}b]lv
/fd|f] sfd ug{ vf]Hbf k|f]T;fxg ug{ 'k5{ . h;n] ubf{ pgLx¿ leq cfTdljZjf; a9\b}
hfG5 . ;fgf] aRrf lxF8\g vf]Hbf cleefjsn] k|f]T;fxg ug{ 'k5{ .
afnaflnsfn] s]xL sfd laufg{ klg ;S5g\ . To:tf] a]nfdf ufnL ug{ 'eGbf
;Demfpg'k5{ km]l/ sf]lz; u/ eGg'k5{ .
afnaflnsfdf Hofb} g} pT;'stf x'G5 . x/]s rLhsf af/]df hfGg vf]H5g\ . k|of]u
ug{ vf]H5g\ . s] xf] < lsg xf] < s;/L xf] < eGg] k|Zg u5{g\ . o:tf k|Zgsf] emsf{ ]
gdfgL hjfkm lbg'k5{ .
h"gtf/f 19
afnklqsf

;a} afnaflnsf Ps} lsl;dsf x'Fb}gg\
. pgLx¿sf] JolQmTj, Ifdtf, ?lr, k|s[lt,
:jefj, km/s x'G5 . To;}n] Pp6f aRrfnfO{ csf{ ] aRrf;Fu cleefjsn] efjgfdf
rf]6 k'Ug] u/L t'ngf ug{ ' x'Fb}g
.
cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/L;Fu s'/f ubf{ ;f]em} s'/f ug{ 'k5{, clg dfq 5f]/f5f]/L klg cfkm";Fu,
;f]em} s'/f u5{g\ . sf]xL t];|f] JolQmnfO{ dfWod agfof] eg] afnaflnsfn] klg ToxL
l;S5g\ .
cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ hlxn] klg ljZjf; ug{ 'k5{ . dfof lbg'k5{ . pgLx¿n] u/]sf]
s'/fdf cleefjsn] ljZjf; u/]g eg] pgLx¿n] klg cleefjsnfO{ ljZjf;
ub{ }gg\ .
3/sf ;–;fgf ;/;Nnfxdf klg 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] ;xeflutf u/fOof] eg] kl5 uP/
pgLx¿n] klg cfÇgf] x/]s s'/fdf cleefjs;Fu 5nkmn u5{g\ .
cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ cfkm"n] g;Sg] s'/f lbG5' eg]/ em'7f] cfZjf;g lbg' x'Fb}g
.
lszf]/fj:yf hLjgsf] ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ cj:yf xf] . o; cj:yfdf
afnaflnsfn] w]/} lsl;dsf zf/Ll/s / dgf]j}1flgs kl/jt{gsf] ;fdgf ug{ 'k5{ .
of] cj:yfdf pgLx¿n] cfÇgf s'/f ;a} ;xL x'G5g\ / cfkm" eGbf hfGg] sf]xL 5}g
eGg] h:tf ;f]rfO /fV5g\ . To;}n] pgLx¿ cfÇgf] cl:tTjsf] ;Ddfg xf];\ eGg]
h"gtf/f 20
afnklqsf

fxgf kl/jf/df, ljBfnodf / ;fyLx¿df vf]H5g\ . olb 3/df pgLx¿n]
;f]r]h:tf] Jojxf/ kfPgg\ eg] hxfF cfÇgf] cl:tTjsf] ;Ddfg x'G5 Tot} a9L ;do
latfpF5g\ . To;}n] cleefjs ;r]t aGg'k5{ . cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] s] ;f]r]sf 5g\
eGg] s'/fdf Wofg lbg' k5{ . cfÇgf d"No, dfGotfdf wSsf k'u]sf] lszf]/ lszf]/Ln]
;xb}gg\ . s] ;xL < s] unt< /fd|f];Fu d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;Sb}gg\ / unt af6f]lt/
nfUg ;S5g\ . h'g /S;L ;]jg ug{ ], nfu'kbfy{ / r'/f]6s]f k|of]usf ¿kdf b]lvg
;S5 . To;}n] cleefjsn] cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf s:tf ;fyLefO 5g\ < Tof] s'/fdf
klg Wofg lbg'k5{ .
afnaflnsf 3/af6 aflx/ lg:s]kl5 w]/} lsl;dsf w]/} ;fyLefO;Fu ldNg' k5{ /
;dfof]hg x'g'k5{ To;}n] cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ st} klg k7fpFlbg n'sfP/ /fV5' eGg'
eGbf To:tf kl/l:ylt h'g aflx/L jftfj/0fdf e]l6G5g\ ltgLx¿;Fu h'Wg ;Sg]
agfpg' k5{ . o;f] eGg'sf] cy{ ;fyL efOn] r'/f]6 vfg, /S;L vfg jf nfu'kbfy{
vfg lbFbf d vfGg, o;n] v/fa u5{ eg]/ cfÇgf] s'/fdf cl8u x'g ;Sg]
cfTdljZjf;sf] ljsf; u/fOlbg'k5{ .
h"gtf/f 21
afnklqsf

x/]s cleefjsn] hfGg'kg{ ] / lszf]/ lszf]/Ln] a'‰g'kg{ ] s'/f s] 5 eg] s;}af6
/fd|f] Jojxf/sf] ck]Iff ul/G5 eg] klxnf cfkm"n] /fd|f] Jojxf/ u/]/ b]vfpg'k5{ .
olb cleefjs /S;L, r'/f]6 vfg] t/ 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ vfg x'Fb}g
eGg' plrt x'G5 <
x'Fb}g,
Tof] t ;Dej g} x'Fb}g
lsgeg] 5f]/f5f]/Ln] Jojxf/ cfdfafa'af6} l;Sg] xf] .
cfdf afa'n] eg]sf] u/]sf] s'/f g} pgLx¿nfO{ /fd|f] / ;xL x'G5 . To;}n] xfd|f
cfhsf afnaflnsf nfu'kbfy{, /S;L / r'/f]6sf] s'ntdf gkm;'g\ eGg] OR5f 5 eg]
xfdL cfkm}af6 klxn] kxn ug{ 'k5{ . cleefjsn] cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/L;Fu v'n]/ s'/f
u/f} + nfu'kbfy{sf v/faLsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbpFm .
zª\sf gu/f} + 5f]/f5f]/L dfly . Ps lbg 5f]/f5f]/Ln] r'/f]6 vfP jf /S;L vfP eg]
ToxL s'/fnfO{ x/]s lbg gbf]xf]¥ofpFm .
ljBfnodf lzIfs lzlIfsfn] klg cleefjs h:t} ag]/ cfÇgf ljBfyL{nfO{ dfof,
;Ddfg / ljZjf; lbpFm . Pp6f uNtL eof] eg] To;nfO{ 7"nf] agfP/ k|:t't gu/f} + .
ef]h et]/ ug{ ' kbf{ /S;L r'/f]6n] dfq} OHht x'G5 eGg] efjgf lj:tf/} cleefjsn]
sd ub{ } n}hfg] xf] eg] ef]lnsf lk+9Ln] /S;L, r'/f]6 k"/} aGb ug{ ;S5g\ .
h"gtf/f 22
afnklqsf

sljtf
b'Mv si6 ;xb}
afns hGd lbg],
dfof ddtf lbO{
To;nfO{ x'sf{pg] .
hlt /f]P klg
xfF;]/ kmsfpg],
cfkm"n] gvfO{–gvfO{
5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ v'jfpg] .
cfdf
;+;f/sf] ;[li6 ug{ ]
cfdf g} x'g\ xfd|L,
dfgjsf] hLjg lbg]
logL slt /fd|L .
afnsnfO{ lzIff lbO{
agfpg] 1fgL,
xF;fpFb} b]vfpg]
;'gf}nf] laxfgL .
ljz]io
h"gtf/f 23
afnklqsf

cfj/0fdf kmf]6f] ePsf] afnssf] kl/ro
gfd M k|1fg cfrfo{
hGd M lj=;+= @)%*.)@.)^
hGd:yfg M dfgejg, hfjnfv]n, nlntk'/
lktf M 8f= kf/;s'df/ cfrfo{
dftf M 8f= ;ldtf cfrfo{
sIff M ^
ljBfno M /ftf] aª\unf pRr df=lj=, kf6g9f]sf, nlntk'/
?lr M km'6an v]Ng], g]kfnL / cª\u| ]hL ;flxTo cWoog ug{ ]
p2]Zo M 8fS6/ aGg]
dgkg{ ] v]n M km'6an / Aof8ldG6g
pxfFn] h]D; :s'naf6 d]l/6 sf8{ (Merit card) / gub k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug{ 'ePsf] 5 .
xfn;fn} o';Ldf; (UCMAS) n]en bzdf k|yd :yfg k|fKt ug{ ' eof] . pxfFn] o';Ldf;df
u|fofh'P;g (Graduation) klg k|fKt ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . /ftf] aª\unf :s'ndf Math
Quiz df l56f] pQ/ lb+bf ;fyLx¿ pxfFnfO{ SofNs'n]6/ klg eGg] u5{g\ .
pxfF syf, sljtf /rgf ug{ 'x'G5 . pxfFn] /rgf ug{ 'ePsf] sljtf tn k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 M
h"gtf/f 24
afnklqsf

sljtf
vfg', v]Ng', ;'Tg' dfq sfd xf]Og
ljBfyL{sf] sfd
?g', rNg', xfF:g', gfFRg', ufpg' dfq klg sfd xf]Og .
emu8f ug{ ', l/;fpg', s/fpg' klg sfd xf]Og
em'7f] af]Ng', cN5L ug{ ' xfd|f] sfd xf]Og .
1fgL eO{ cfb/ ug{ ', k9\g' xfd|f] sfd xf]
;fgf]nfO{ dfof ug{ ' xfd|f] d'Vo sfd xf] .
/fd|f] k9L ;kmn eO{ gfd /fVg' sfd xf] .
7"nf] eO{ c;n agL b]z agfpg' sfd xf] .
h"gtf/f 25
afnklqsf

sljtf
jL/tfsf] uf}/j
zlQmafa' ;dbzL{
y'S5f} eg] gvfpm afa',
vfG5f} eg] y'Sb} gy's ¤
em'Sb}g /] ;u/dfyf
ltdL klg em'Sb} gem's ¤¤
ltd|f] ;fydf :jfledfgL
jL/tfsf] uf}/j ufyf ¤
lsg v'DrLg g]kfn cfdf
Psl5g l;df;Dd k'u ¤¤
:jflwgtf s'NrL/bf,
g]kfn cfdf ?lG5g eg] ¤
afFRg] xf]Og 3'F8f
6]sL,
nf5L alg n'Sb} gn's ¤¤
k'vf{sf] Tof] /ut xf] /] ¤
d]rLsfnL aUg] gbL ¤
lk7f];Fu rfdn ;f6\g]
;Demf}tfdf r'St} gr's ¤¤
-lzIfs M ljhof pRr df=lj=, b'Nn', b}n]v_
h"gtf/f 26
afnklqsf

k|ltof]lutf
ufpFvfg] syf
-1_ cfkm" 5 sfut 7"nf] /fV5 tfut s] xf] <
=================================================
-2_ Ps v'§] ufO{ b}nf]df gc6fO{ s] xf] <
=================================================
-3_ uQL g kQL k'R5/df aQL s] xf] <
=================================================
-4_ cfuf] g kfgL /f]6L ksfpg] gfgL s] xf] <
=================================================
-5_ hlt xfGof] plt /dfpg] s] xf] <
=================================================
-6_ x]?F x]g{ g;lsg] 5f]pmF 5'g g;lsg] s] xf] <
=================================================
-7_ ;u/dfyfsf] 6'Kkf]df rf/sf];] emf8L s] xf] <
=================================================
-8_ n'uf g kmf6f] bu'5{ nf6f] s] xf] <
=================================================
-9_ nx/] afa'sf] 3g6fps] 5f]/f] s] xf] <
=================================================
-10_ km'Nbf rfFbL kfSbf ;'g s] xf] <
=================================================
-11_ ;w} F df;' vfG5 t/ b'AnfpFb} hfG5 s] xf] <
=================================================
kq k7fpg] 7]ufgf
;'ifdf cfrfo{
kf]i6 aS; g+= !%$
nlntk'/, g]kfn
acharyasushama@gmail.com, kmf]g g+= )!–%%@@()*
-k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng] ljBfyL{n] k|Zg ;f]lwPsf] klqsfsf] ;Ssn k|lt df g} pQ/ n]vL k7fpg'kg{ ]5 . kmf]6f]skL u/]/
k7fOPsf pQ/nfO{ dfGotf lbOg] 5}g . x/]s cª\ssf] k|ltof]lutfdf efu lnO{ pTs[i6 x'g] Pp6f ljBfyL{nfO{ ‘h"gtf/f’
klqsfn] k'/:s[t ug{ ]5 . w]/}sf] ;xL pQ/ cfPdf uf]nfk|yfaf6 lah]tf 5gf]6 ul/g]5 . o; k|ltof]lutfdf sIff b;;Ddsf
ljBfyL{x¿n] efu lng kfpg]5g\ . k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng] ljBfyL{n] Psk|lt kmf]6f] klg k7fpg'kg{ ]5 ._
h"gtf/f 27
afnklqsf

ª eg{ 'xf];\ .
h"gtf/f 28
afnklqsf

yf]Knfdf qmd};Fu /]vf tfg]/ lrq k"/f ug{ 'xf];\ M
;fyLnfO{ cfO;lqmd vfg ;xof]u ug{ 'xf];\ M
h"gtf/f 29
afnklqsf

;+jfb
sf] 7"nf] <
/fds[i0f cfrfo{
Ûs/];faf/Ldf cfn', ;fukft, uf]ne] +8f, v';f{gL, km;L{, sfpnL cflb 5g\ . pgLx¿
cfkm"nfO{ c¿eGbf 7"nf] 7fG5g\ . sf] 7"nf] < d 7"nf] eGb} s'/fsfgL ub{ }5g\ .Ü
cfn' M d t/sf/Lsf] /fhf x'F
. dnfO{ ;a}n] dg
k/fpF5g\ . d lxdfn, kxf8, t/fO{ ;a}lt/ kfOG5' .
df6f]leq kmN5' . d ;a} t/sf/L;Fu ldNg ;S5' . dnfO{
vfPkl5 dfG5]n] k|z:t dfqfdf zlQm kfpF5g\ . To;}n], d
g} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] pTs[i6 t/sf/L x'F
.
;fukft M P cfn', wfs gnufpm x} . ltdLn] xfdLnfO{
sd 7fg]sf] < xfdL klg ltdLeGbf s]xL s'/fdf sd 5}gf}
a'‰of} + < xfdL ;fukft ljleGg hftsf 5f} F . h:t}M /fof],
kfn'ª\uf], rD;'/, d]yL, tf]/L, wlgofF cflb . xfdL ;fukft
kf]if0fsf e08f/ xf} F . xfdLnfO{ vfP dfG5]n] le6fldg,
vlgh cflb kfpF5g\ . dfG5]sf cfFvfnfO{ kmfObf u5f{ } + .
/tGwf] /f]uaf6 arfpF5f} + . lxtsf/L ePsfn] ;a} dfG5]n]
xfdLnfO{ dg k/fpF5g\ . To;sf/0f, cfn' ltdLeGbf t xfdL
kf] 7"nf xf} F .
h"gtf/f 30
afnklqsf

uf]ne] +8f M x]/ cfn' / ;fukft ltdLx¿n] w]/} km'tL{
nufof} + . ltdLx¿eGbf d lgs} pkof]uL 5' . ltdLx¿ eGbf
d 7"nf] x'F
. dnfO{ t/sf/Ldf ld;fPgf} eg] t/sf/L g} dL7f]
x'Fb}g
. h;/L eP klg dnfO{ t/sf/Ldf ld;fpg} k5{ .
gld;fO{ ;'v} kfpFb}gf} . d sfFrf]df xl/of] x'G5' . kfs]kl5
/ftf] x'G5' . d sfFrf] eP klg kfs]sf] eP klg t/sf/Ldf
ldl;P/ t/sf/L dL7f] kfg{ ;S5' . sfFrf] cj:yfdf klg
crf/ aGg ;S5' . kfs]sf] cj:yfdf klg crf/ aGg ;S5' . d]/f] crf/ dfG5]n] v'a} dg
k/fpF5g\ . dnfO{ vfPkl5 dfG5]n] le6fldg ‘;L’ k|fKt ub{5g\ . To;}n] d
kf] 7"nf] x'F
.
v';f{gL M ltdLx¿sf] s'/f] ;'g]/ dnfO{ t xfF;f] p7\of] . ;a}eGbf 7"nf] t
d kf] x'F
. hlt;'s} 7"nf] dfG5]n] klg dnfO{ w]/} vfg ;Sb}gg\ . d lk/f]
x'G5' . klxn] xl/of] x'G5' . kfSb} uPkl5 /ftf] x'G5' . dfG5]n] dnfO{ df;',
t/sf/L ;a}df d;nfsf] ¿kdf k|of]u u5{g\ . dnfO{ w]/} dfqfdf vfg
;Sb}gg\ . yf]/} dfqfdf dfq vfG5g\ . d cfn', ;fukft, uf]ne] +8f eGbf
w]/} alnof] 5' .
km;L{ M d klg sf]xL eGbf s]xL sd 5}g . d 7"nf]
7fpFel/ km}lng ;S5' . d c¿eGbf emg} pkof]uL 5' .
dnfO{ vfPkl5 dfG5]n] le6fldg ‘P’ kfpF5g\ . dfG5]n]
daf6 ljljw :jfb kfpF5g\ . d'G6fsf] ;fu vfG5g\ . xl/of]
kmn / kfs]sf] kmnsf] t/sf/L vfG5g\ . kmnleqsf]
laofFsf] crf/ dL7f] dfg]/ vfG5g\ .
sfpnL M ltdLx¿ ;a}sf] s'/f ;'g] F . dfG5]n] dnfO{ klg
w]/} dg k/fpF5g\ . sfpnL;Fu hfpnL w]/} ?R5 eG5g\ t/
dnfO{ t d 7"nf] x'F
eGg] 3d08 5}g . d 7"nf] x'F
eGg]
s;}n] klg 3d08 ug{ ' x'Fb}g
. xfdL ;a} a/fa/ 5f} + . cf–
cfkm" cfÇgf] 7fpFdf sfd nfUg] 5f} F . To;}n] xfdL ;a}
ldNg'k5{ . ldNof} eg] ;a}n] xfdLnfO{ dg k/fpF5g\ .
h"gtf/f 31
afnklqsf

sljtf
3/, cfFug, jftfj/0f ;w} + ;kmf /fvf} +
gofF gofF l;h{gfdf snd rnfcf} +
;kmntfsf] lzv/df kfOnf a9fcf} +
:jfledfgL g]kfnL gfd cd/ agfcf} + .
;]jf
zfGtf nDh]n
cfkm"eGbf 7"nfnfO{ cfb/ u/f} +
cfkm"eGbf ;fgfnfO{ dfof u/f} +,
;fyLefO cfÇgf] sfd cfkm} u/f} +
c¿ s;}sf] klg e/ gk/f} + .
cGwljZjf;, s'/Lltsf] h/f] pv]nf} +
;dfgtf / :jtGqtfsf] :j/ ;';]nf} +
xftdf xft ldnfO{ b]zsf] ljsf; u/f} +
u/La b'MvLsf] ;]jf ug{ cl3 ;/f} + .
w'n]Zj/ df=lj=, ruqf
h"gtf/f 32
afnklqsf

;fdfGo 1fg
]
]
-!_ g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] tfnsf] gfd s] xf] <
-@_ s'g r/f] g]kfndf dfq kfOG5 <
-#_ ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf xf]rf] JolQmsf] gfd s] xf] <
-$_ >lds lbj; slxn] dgfOG5 <
-%_ ‘d'gfdbg’ sf /rgfsf/ sf] x'g\ <
-^_ ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] d?e"ldsf] gfd s] xf] <
-&_ 6]lnkmf]gsf] cfljisf/ ug{ j}1flgs sf] x'g\ <
-*_ s'g le6fldgsf] sdL eP/ /tGwf] /f]u nfUb5 <
-(_ Pl;ofsf tf/f eg]/ s;nfO{ lrlgG5 <
-!)_ tLgcf]6f gbL ldn]sf] 7fpFnfO{ s] elgG5 <
-!!_ ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug{ k|yd g]kfnL dlxnf sf] x'g\ <
pksf/L, u'0fL JolQm lgx'/G5 lg/Gt/ .
kmn]sf] j[Ifsf] xfFuf] gem's]sf] sxfF 5 / <
ööööööööööööööööööööööööööööö–ösljölz/f]dl0fön]vgfyökf}8\ofn
h"gtf/f 33
afnklqsf

k|aGw
cdnf
k|f=8f= ;'ifdf cfrfo{
efOalxgL xf] . dnfO{ lrGg]
k|of; u/ x} < d sf] x'F
< d]/f] cfsf/
em08} k[YjLsf] h:t} x'G5 . d]/f] /Í
xNsf xl/of] x'G5 . kfs]kl5 cln
cln kx] +nf] x'G5' . d 7"nf]df sfutL
hqf] klg x'G5' . Tof] eGbf ;fgf] klg
x'G5' . d eL/ kfvf, jg hª\un,
kxf8, t/fO{ htftt} x'G5' . h:tf];'s}
;'s]sf] d'vdf xfNbf klg p;sf] d'v el/ ;///\ kfgL lgsflnlbG5' . n ca t lrGof} xf]nf
lg < d]/f] gfd cdnf xf] . d ;fx| } u'lgnf] ePsf]n] dflg;x¿n] dfof u/]/ dnfO{ w]/}y/L gfd
lbPsf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf >]i7 kmn ePsf]n] >Lkmn, cd[t h:t} ePsf]n] cd[tkmn, ;a}sf]
sNof0f ug{ ] ePsf]n] lzjf / cfdfn] h:t} cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ e]befj gu/L dfof ug{ ]
ePsfn] wfqL eGb5g\ . t/ jf:tjdf d t
cdnf g} x'F
lg, x}g / < ltd|f] 3/ glhs} klg
st} d]/f] af]6 5 ls x]/ t . d * b]lv !*
ld6/;Dd cUnf] x'g] ?vdf kmN5' . d]/f xfFuf
laFuf w]/} x'G5g\ . xfFufsf b'j}lt/ ;hfP/ /fv]
h:t} dl;gf kftx¿ x'G5g\ . hf8f]df d]/f]
?vdf kft x'Fb}gg\
. r}t, j}zfv nfu]kl5 kft
knfpg / km'Ng yfN5' . km"n k'mNbf em'Kkf
em'Kkf eP/ xl/of] / kx] +nf] eP/ km'N5' . kmNbf klg To;}u/L kmN5' / ebf}lt/ kfS5' . clg
vfFbf cldnf] / u'lnof] b'a} x'G5' . xl/of] sfFr}df vfFbf cln 6/f{ ] / cldnf] x'G5' . dnfO{
h"gtf/f 34
afnklqsf

ljZjel/sf ;a} dfG5]n] dg k/fpF5g\ . dnfO{ ljZjf; 5, ltdLx¿n] cjZo klg dnfO{ dg
k/fpF5f} + xf]nf . lsg yfxf 5 <
dnfO{ cfo'j{ ]bdf ljleGg cf}ifwLsf] ¿kdf k|of]u ul/G5, h:tf] ltdLx¿n] vfPsf
xf}nf lg Rojgk|f; . To;}u/L lqkmnf cflbdf klg k|of]u ul/G5 . d}n] vfgf gkRg], ef]s
gnfUg], k]6 ;kmf gx'g], d'vaf6 cldnf] kfgL cfpg] / 8sf/ cfpg] h:tf k]6sf /f]ux¿ klg
lgsf] kf5{ ' . Tolt dfq xf] / ¤ cfFvfsf] b]Vg ;Sg]
zlQm klg a9fpF5' . ;w} F cdnf vfg]sf] z/L/
:j:y agfpF5' / nfdf] ;do;Dd afFRg] cfo' lbG5' .
/utnfO{ ;kmf / z'4 agfpF5' . /utsf] sdLn] x'g]
/f]uaf6 arfpF5' . le6fldg ‘;L’ c¿ kmnx¿ eGbf
a9L lbG5' . To;}n] t dflg;x¿ eG5g\, æb'O{cf]6f
;'Gtnf jf df};d vfg'eGbf Pp6f cdnf vfPdf
a9L kmfObf x'G5 .Æ Tolt dfq sxfF xf] / < dnfO{ t
dlxnfx¿n] skfn sfnf], nfdf] / alnof] agfpg
klg k|of]u u5{g\ . crf/, lttf}/f / d'/Ajf klg agfpF5g\ . efOalxgL xf], d Pp6f s'/f eG5'
;'g x} . ‘lbgsf] Pp6f cdnf, x'Fb}g
/f]usf] xdnf’ . crDd nfUof] < dnfO{ ;w} F vfg sxfF kfOG5
eg]/ < s]xL 5}g kL/ gu/ xl/of]df l6k]/ ;'sfpm / l;;Ldf e/]/ /fv clg lemSb} vfg] u/ x} t .
h"gtf/f 35
afnklqsf

sljtf
;fgf ;fgf gfgL
c;n 5 afgL,
k9L, n]vL aG5f} F
xfdL ;a} 1fgL .
g]kfn
xfd|f] kxf8 /fd|f] 5
/fd|f] 5 lxdfn,
xfd|f] t/fO{ /fd|f] 5
emg} /fd|f] 5 g]kfn .
ofd'gf cf?
hg;]jf k|f=lj=
sIff –%
e'jf6fs'/f, b}n]v
;fdfGo 1fgsf] pQ/
!= /f/f tfn @= sfF8] Eofs'/ #= rGb|axfb'/ 8fFuL $= d] Ps %= nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f
^= ;fxf/f &= u|fxd a]n *= le6fldg ‘P’ (= uf}td a'4 !)= lqj]0fL !!= kf;fª Nxfd' z]kf{
h"gtf/f 36
afnklqsf

syf
a'l4dfgL 5f]/L
afbzfx csa/nfO{ ;–;fgf afnaflnsf lgs} dg ky{ ] . pgL slxn]sfxLF o:t} ;–
;fgf afnaflnsfx¿;Fu v]n]/ dg axnfpFby] . /fhl;+xf;gdf a;]sf a]nf xf];\, of
/fh;efsf] a}7s rln/x]sf a]nf
xf];\, afnaflnsf b]v] eg] v';L
x'Gy] / sfvdf lnGy] .
Psk6s /fhb/af/df ;ef
rln/x]sf] lyof] . dGqL aL/ann]
cfÇgL tLg jif{sL ;fgL 5f]/LnfO{
;fydf lnP/ ;efdf uPsf lyP .
a}7s rln/x]sf a]nf ltgL otfptf
v]lNyg\ / k'n'Ss /fhfnfO{ x]ly{g\ .
/fhfn] klg cfÇgf nfdf h'Fuf
b]vfP/
pgnfO{ ghflgFbf] lsl;dn]
lh:sfO/xGy] . aL/ank'qL o;/L v]Nbfv]Nb}
/fhl;+xf;glg/ k'lug\ . Pp6L ;fgL aRrL cfkm"glhs
cfPsf] b]v]/ v';L eO{ csa/n] pgnfO{ cfÇgf] sfvdf
lnP . olQs}df ;ef klg lj;h{g eof] . ;efsf]
;dflKtkl5 /fhfn] aL/ank'qL;Fu ;f]w], ægfgL ltdLnfO{
s'/f ug{ cfpF5

eg]sf] s] xf] lg