the effect of the particle size distribution on non-newtonian turbulent ...

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CHAPTER 3

3.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL WORK The test work was conducted at ong>theong> University ong>ofong> Cape Town's Hydrotransport Research Facility. The test facilities used included a pumped recirculating pipe test rig known as ong>theong> East Rig and a pipeline rig known as ong>theong> Mini Rig. In large scale pipe testing (as used for this study), slurry is pumped in a looped circuit normally consisting ong>ofong> two pipe diameters, over a wide range ong>ofong> velocities. This is done in order to measure ong>theong> behaviour ong>ofong> ong>theong> slurry (rheology) and ong>theong> turbulent pipe flow head loss which are needed in designing a piping system. Rheological data which is obtained from laminar flow data can be used to predict turbulent pipe flow head loss (Slatter, 1994). The test facilities which were used consisted in total ong>ofong> four different pipe diameters namely a 25mm, 80mm, l50mm and 200mm nominal bore. Slurries were tested at mean velocities ranging froI11 O,lrn/s to 6.2rn/s. Slurries tested included kaolin clay, a mixture ong>ofong>kaolin clay and rock flour (mixture 1) and a mixture ong>ofong> kaolin clay, rock flour and silica sand (mixture 2) at varying ratios. 3.2 TESTING FACILITIES 3.2.1 The East Rig Figure 3.1 depicts a schematic diagram ong>ofong> ong>theong> pumped recirculating pipe test rig. (a) Pump Specification Slurry is supplied to ong>theong> East Rig by a four bladed Maong>theong>r and Platt 8x6, solids handling pump, which is driven by a variable speed hydraulic drive (Figure 3.2).

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turbulent

particle

roughness

slurry

kaolin

shear

velocity

particles

viscous

slurries

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