the effect of the particle size distribution on non-newtonian turbulent ...

Appendix B Conference Paper
IfRe, < 3,32 <strong>the</strong>n smooth wall turbulent flow exists and <strong>the</strong> mean velocity is given by
:.Y.- = 2,5 In [-!.] + 2,5 In Re + 1,75 .
V. dss • '
If Re,. > 3,32 <strong>the</strong>n fully developed rough wall turbulent flow exists and <strong>the</strong> mean
velocity is given by
Y.- [-!.] = 2,5 In +
V. dss
4,75 ,
and <strong>the</strong> friction factor is constant.
This correlation produces a transition from <strong>the</strong> smooth to <strong>the</strong> rough flow condition which
is abrupt.
Tests conducted by Slatter (1994) confirmed <strong>the</strong> model to be more accurate than <strong>the</strong>
Torrance (1963) model and Wilson & Thomas (1985, 1987) model, when evaluated
against experimental data.
2.4.7 Data from <strong>the</strong> Literature
Experimental data obtained by Sive (1988) was used in <strong>the</strong> analysis <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> various
models under consideration. The tests conducted by Sive (1988) were done using a
mixture <strong>of</strong> kaolin clay and a relatively coarse quartz sand, which resulted in a
heterogeneous, settling slurry. The purpose <strong>of</strong> using this data was to see if <strong>the</strong> coarse,
settling <strong>particle</strong>s contributed to <strong>the</strong> turbulent flow headloss, as proposed by <strong>the</strong> Slatter
model.
3. EXPERIMENTAL WORK
The test facility at ucr which was used had four different pipe diameters namely
25mm, 80mm, 150mm and 200mm nominal bore and slurries were tested at mean
velocities ranging from 0, Imls to 8m/s. Slurries tested included kaolin clay and mixture
<strong>of</strong> kaolin clay and fine sand at varying ratios.
(10)
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B.9