ASHRAE Level II Energy Audit: Summary Report - Dickinson Blogs ...

ASHRAE Level II Energy Audit: 

Waidner-Spahr Library, Adams Hall, 

Rector Science Center, Holland Union Building 

Summary Report 

Prepared by: 

THE STONE HOUSE GROUP 

301 BROADWAY 

BETHLEHEM, PENNSYLVANIA 18015 

TEL 610 868 9600 

FAX 610 868 2272 

WWW.STONEHOUSEGROUP.NET

Dickinson College 

ASHRAE Level II Energy Audit 

Table of Contents 

1 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... 3 

2 Energy Profile: Consumption, Cost, and Carbon at Dickinson College ................................. 5 

2.1 Energy Consumption ...................................................................................................... 5 

2.2 Energy Cost .................................................................................................................... 6 

2.3 Carbon ............................................................................................................................ 7 

3 Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) ............................................................................... 9 

3.1 Energy Capital Investment Plan (ECIP) ......................................................................... 9 

3.2 Measures Considered but Not Recommended .............................................................. 9 

3.3 Widely-Applicable ECMs .............................................................................................. 10 

4 Waidner-Spahr Library ......................................................................................................... 12 

4.1 Summary of Systems ................................................................................................... 12 

4.2 Waidner/Spahr Library Energy Capital Investment Plan (ECIP) ................................... 13 

4.3 O&M Problems / Opportunities ..................................................................................... 13 

5 Rector Science Center – James Hall ................................................................................... 15 


5.2 Rector ECIP .................................................................................................................. 15 


6 Adams Hall .......................................................................................................................... 18 


6.2 Adams ECIP ................................................................................................................. 19 


7 Holland Union Building (HUB) ............................................................................................. 20 


7.2 HUB ECIP ..................................................................................................................... 21 


Appendix A – Detailed ECM Descriptions (Library) .................................................................... 23 

Appendix B – Detailed ECM Descriptions (Rector) ..................................................................... 23 

Appendix C – Detailed ECM Descriptions (Adams) .................................................................... 23 

Appendix D – Detailed ECM Descriptions (HUB) ....................................................................... 23 

Appendix E – Full ECIP Including Rejected ECMs ..................................................................... 23 

Appendix F – PPL E-power Incentives ....................................................................................... 23 

The Stone House Group 

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1 Executive Summary 

Dickinson College, founded in 1773, is a highly selective, private residential liberal-arts 

college known for its innovative curriculum. Its mission is to offer students a useful 

education in the arts and sciences that will prepare them for lives as engaged citizens and 

leaders. The 180 acre campus of Dickinson College is located in the heart of Carlisle, PA 

In September 2009, Dickinson College (DC) announced a bold new Climate Change Action 

Plan with a goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by twenty-five percent (25%) versus 

2008 levels by the year 2020. By complementing that on-site reduction with the purchase of 

carbon offsets and grid power from renewable sources, total “net” carbon neutrality will be 

achieved. 


Climate Action Plan 

In June 2012, Dickinson College retained the services of THE STONE HOUSE GROUP (SHG) 

to perform an ASHRAE Level II Energy Audit in support of the Climate Action Plan. The 

Audit was to cover five (5) buildings on campus: 

Spahr Library 

Waidner Library 

Rector Science Complex (James Hall) 

Adams Hall 

Holland Union Building (HUB). 

This report describes the findings and recommendations developed over the course of this 

energy audit. During the course of multiple on-site inspections, as well as a review of the 

drawings and automated control system for the buildings, over 100 potential energy 

conservation measures (ECMs) were identified. We have compiled these measures, with 

input from Dickinson College operations and maintenance personnel, into an energy capital 

investment plan (ECIP) which can be found in Section 3 of this report. This ECIP shows the 

estimated capital costs and savings (consumption, cost and emissions) associated with 

each proposed measure. 

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In total, we estimate these measures will: 

• Cost approximately $1.2 million to implement. 

• Save about $330,000 on energy bills each year (at current utility rates). 

• Pay for themselves in 3.5 years. 

• Prevent the release of the equivalent of 1,900 metric tons of CO2. 

Gas Reduction 

(MMBtu) 


Electric 

Reduction 

(MMBtu) 

Page 4 

CO2 

Reduction 

(metric tons) 

Cost to 

Implement 

10,630 7,649 1927 $1,156,789 

17% cut 12% cut 13% cut 

Cuts are vs. 2012 fiscal year totals 

Annual $ Savings Payback Years Return on 

Investment 

$330,881 3.5 29%



2 Energy Profile: Consumption, Cost, and Carbon at Dickinson College 

2.1 Energy Consumption 

THE STONE HOUSE GROUP’S energy study of Dickinson College revealed that the College is 

a relative champion of energy efficiency. On a per square foot basis, the College 

outperforms almost all peer institutions we have data for. Interviews with the facilities staff 

confirmed that the College has had a strong energy management focus for many years and 

has implemented many high ROI (low hanging fruit) projects on campus. They also operate 

their buildings very aggressively and try to closely match the HVAC systems operating hours 

to the intended use of the building. The College is aggressive during low use periods of 

campus (holiday breaks) and has a formal “Curtailment Program” that has been effectively 

used for many years to reduce temperatures and limit energy use in buildings during these 

times. 

Figure 1 shows Dickinson’s energy use, during fiscal years 2010, 2011, and 2012. Data 

from 21 other similar institutions was used for comparison, and Dickinson College beats 

almost all of them in terms of energy use per gross square feet which is a great barometer of 

energy and environmental stewardship. 

MBTU / sq. ft 


250.0 

200.0 

150.0 

100.0 

50.0 

0.0 

Figure 1: Energy use in MBtu per square foot at Dickinson (shown in red) 

Our analysis showed, however, that on a per student basis, the College is closer to the 

average of 60,000 MBtu / student. Please note that “MBtu” denotes “Btu x10 3 ” (Btu is a unit 

of energy). 

Year MBtu / Student 

Survey Average 60,000 

DC 2010 53,900 

DC 2011 56,600 

DC 2012 53,500 

Page 5 

Average 114



As indicated in Figure 2, the most-consumed type of energy is electricity (49% of total). 

Natural gas makes up a nearly equal component; less than two percent (2%) of the 

College’s total consumption is in the form of fuel oil and on-site renewable resources. 


Fuel Oil, 

1,683 

Natural 

Gas, 

61,909 

Vegetable 

Oil, 1,200 

Solar, 323 

Figure 2: Total Energy Use at Dickinson College, FY 2012 (MMBtu) 

Please note that because the numbers are larger, we have shifted to MMBtu (= Btu x10 6 ) 

2.2 Energy Cost 

Electricity is not only the most-used; it is also the most expensive energy at Dickinson 

College (see Fig. 3). Electricity coming in through the main electric meter gets a better rate 

than the various independent meters spread around campus; but even the main meter still 

costs 30% more than fuel oil and three times as much as natural gas. 

( $ / MMBTU ) 

$50.00 

$45.00 

$40.00 

$35.00 

$30.00 

$25.00 

$20.00 

$15.00 

$10.00 

$5.00 

$0.00 

$30.33 

$29.11 

Main 

Electric 

$43.49 

$40.40 

$9.33 

Figure 3: Fiscal Year 2011 and 2012 Dickinson College Energy Unit Costs 

Page 6 

$9.19 

Electric, 

62,524 

$22.76 

$23.33 

$18.85 

$20.02 

Independent Natural Gas Fuel Oil Campus 

Electric 

Average 

FY 11 

FY 12



The total energy cost, by source, is as follows (solar and vegetable oil have no associated 

yearly cost): 


Natural 

Gas 

$568,797 

22% 

Fuel Oil 

$39,276 

2% 

Figure 4: Total Energy Expenditure, Fiscal Year 2012 

Unfortunately, sub-meter data was not available to provide exact numbers for every month 

and every fuel in the audited buildings. However, using some actual readings and some 

average data, we can estimate the yearly energy costs for each of the buildings. 

Building Estimated Energy $ 

per year 

Libraries $160,000 

Rector $365,000 

Adams $43,000* 

HUB $220,000 

*From actual billing data. Average of FY10, 11, 12. 

2.3 Carbon 

We know that the College’s impact on the environment is important to Dickinson, as 

expressed in your 2009 Climate Change Action Plan. Figure 5 summarizes the total carbon 

dioxide equivalent emissions (CO2e) produced by campus consumption of natural gas, fuel 

oil, and grid electricity. These would be considered “Scope I” and “Scope II” emissions as 

defined in the College’s Climate Action Plan. 

The carbon dioxide “equivalent” calculation takes into account that certain gases which are 

emitted during power production have a more potent contribution to the greenhouse effect 

than CO2. For example, because methane (CH4) is twenty-five times (25x) as potent a 

greenhouse gas as CO2, one metric ton (MT) of emitted methane would appear in this 

analysis as 25 metric tons of CO2e. 

Page 7 

Electric 

$1,946,833 

76%



Looking over the past three years, emissions from on campus energy consumption at 

Dickinson College have not changed dramatically, although close scrutiny reveals a slight 

increase over time from 2010 to 2012. 

16,000 

14,000 

12,000 

10,000 

8,000 

6,000 

4,000 

2,000 

0 

Figure 5: CO2 Equivalent Emissions from On-campus Electricity, Gas, and Oil Use (Metric 

Tons). Emission Factors per Campus Carbon Calculator v6.8 


FY10 FY11 FY12 

Page 8 

CO2e (MT)



3 Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) 

3.1 Energy Capital Investment Plan (ECIP) 

The ECIP incorporates all the energy conservation measures we have identified for 

consideration by Dickinson College. There are over 100 ECM’s identified, which are 

detailed in the Appendices. Below is a summary of all the ECM’s for the five buildings 

surveyed as part of this energy audit: 

Gas 

Reduction 

(MMBtu) 

Electric 

Reduction 

(MMBtu) 


CO2 

Reduction 

(metric tons) 

Cost to 

Implement 

Page 9 

Annual $ 

Savings 

Payback 

Years 

Return on 

Investment 

10,630 7,649 1,927 $1,156,789 $330,881 3.5 29% 

Comparing these estimated reductions with the consumption numbers from the 2011-12 

fiscal year, we find that they represent a significant decrease in energy use. In terms of 

emissions, they could account for almost half of Dickinson’s target reduction. 

Electricity Natural Gas CO2e Dollars 

2012 Use (MMBtu) 62,524 61,909 14,519 $2,554,906 

Reduction (MMBtu) 7,649 10,630 1,927 $330,881 

% Savings 12.2% 17.2% 13.3% 12.9% 

3.2 Measures Considered but Not Recommended 

There were a number of potential measures which we noted during the course of the audit 

but which we ultimately are unable to recommend putting into action at this time. Reasons 

for being cut from the list ranged from lack of economic appeal to user-unfriendliness to the 

College operations staff just thinking something wasn’t feasible. 

Here we present a sample of these projects: 

ECM-1067, Adams Room AC Control: We initially thought it would be a good idea to outfit 

the student rooms in Adams with occupancy controlled air conditioners. However, due to 

the warm-up time required before getting cold, and potential component failure, we 

thought it might cause too much user dissatisfaction. 

ECM-1076, Adams Drain Waste Heat Recovery: We 

identified the shower and washing machine drainpipes as 

a source of heat currently wasted (from hot water) which 

could be captured and reused; but this would be better 

done in the future when the work could coincide with 

other renovations to save costs. 

ECM-1108, HUB Water-cooled Condensers: The walk-in cooler / freezers in the HUB use 

air-cooled condensers now, but water-cooled units could help save energy. However, we



met with the College operations staff and this was one of the ECMs they had some 

reason(s) for not wanting to implement. 

ECM-1003, Waidner VAVs: The VAVs throughout are nearing the end of their useful life. 

Replace VAVs, providing DDC control with occupancy sensors (enclosed locations) and 

CO2 sensors (coverage for all locations). 

ECM-1018, Spahr Aerators for Sinks: Install aerators to reduce flow at the lavatories to 

reduce hot water heating energy and water consumption (currently 2.2 gpm). Also 

consider retrofit kits to reduce flow at the water closets (currently 1.6 gpf). 

ECM-1091, HUB E-cube sensors: Install eCube temperature sensors at the remaining 

coolers. These sensors simulate the temperature of frozen food instead of merely reading 

air temperature. 

ECM-1047, Rector Solar HW Heating: Investigate opportunities for solar hot water heating. 

Note that the existing hot water heating is in the north bar penthouse below the flat roof. 

ECM-1035, Rector Heat Exchanger Cleaning: Implement a process for heat exchanger 

cleaning. 

3.3 Widely-Applicable ECMs 

During our time on campus, we found that the College operations staff already keeps very 

tight control over many of the energy-consuming systems and aggressively pursues 

opportunities to reduce energy consumption. We hope that our observations and 

recommendations can take their efforts to the next level of effectiveness. 

THE STONE HOUSE GROUP engineers made several visits to inspect the facilities in question. 

Most of the energy saving recommendations we have developed are specific to certain 

systems in certain buildings, and these are discussed in subsequent sections of this report. 

However, we also identified several measures that were common to multiple locations, and 

are probably applicable to other buildings on campus that were not audited. Many of these 

are listed in the Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Opportunities sections below. 

As a note of explanation, THE STONE HOUSE GROUP identifies six categories of ECMs 

(following six subsystems of energy management) based on our approach to providing a 

comprehensive energy focus for our clients. These are: 

• Data – The collection and management of energy use information. 

• Procurement – The obtaining of energy from an outside supplier or utility company. 

• Generation – The production of energy on site (renewable or not). 

• Distribution – The distribution of energy through campus or within a building. 

• End Use – The interaction between energy and the people using it. 


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• Community Involvement – The cultivation in managers, operators, and users, of an 

attitude that energy is not a limitless gift but a precious resource which must be 

conserved and managed wisely. 


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4 Waidner-Spahr Library 

4.1 Summary of Systems 

Spahr Library was built in 1967 and uses much of its original system equipment to this day; 

some of it is no longer used but remains in place. Renovations including the addition of 

Waidner in 1997 brought new equipment to that side of the building. 

Heating / Cooling: Three Air handling units (AHUs) in Spahr 

provide constant volume airflow and heating/cooling with a two 

pipe system that switches between modes, alternately using hot 

water or chilled water depending on the season. Two Waidner 

AHUs, located in the penthouse mechanical room, are 

equipped with variable frequency drives (VFDs) to allow 

variable airflow and a four pipe system capable of simultaneous 

heating and cooling. A series of hot water zone pumps located 

in the penthouse provide heating to various zones and systems 

as required. The collections area in the lower level is served by 

dedicated systems to maintain precise temperature and 

humidity limits. 

Chilled water is piped to the libraries directly from the College central plant. Steam from the 

central plant is run through a heat exchanger in HUB which provides hot water to Spahr and 

Waidner. 

Spahr distributes air through a pressurized ceiling plenum with slots in the ceiling panels 

that provide conditioned air to the space. 


Lighting: Large six-lamp fixtures covered with lenses 

provide over 90% of the lighting for Spahr. These appear 

to be original to the building. Selected stacks have 

supplementary lighting suspended in order to illuminate 

the aisles. Local lighting control is limited – switches 

operate large numbers of lights. 

Domestic Hot Water: A mix of electric and gas hot water 

heaters serve different areas of the library. Temperatures 

are kept to a minimum, and some units were off at the time of inspection. 

Perimeter Radiation: Spahr Library uses electric perimeter baseboard radiation, though 

operation is limited to reduce energy costs. The Waidner Library has hot water perimeter 

radiation installed around the perimeter of the building. 

Terminal Units: Waidner is equipped with variable air volume boxes with hot water reheat 

and pneumatic controls. Spahr has a number of electric reheat coils installed above the 

plenum ceiling but these systems are not active and are rarely if ever used for heating the 

building. 

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4.2 Waidner/Spahr Library Energy Capital Investment Plan (ECIP) 

The Waidner/Spahr Library ECMs include these items: 


1002 1008 1009 1010 1011 

1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 

1020 1021 1022 1026 1050 

1136 

Please see Appendix A for details. The overall numbers for the Library total as follows: 

Gas 

Savings 

872 

MMBtu 

Electric 

Savings 

1,862 

MMBtu 

CO2e 

Reduction 

378 

MT 

Implement Annual Payback ROI 

Cost Savings 

$397,430 $62,610 6.3 

years 

16% 

4.3 O&M Problems / Opportunities 

• One of the glycol pumps appears susceptible to cavitation (suction pressure 

indicates zero psig upstream of several fittings; glycol feedwater is valved shut). 

This opportunity also exists at the zone pumps due to circuit setter placement. 

• Damper actuators (e.g. associated with EF-3 at penetration to mechanical room; to 

exterior in Spahr penthouse) do not function. 

• Some points (i.e. enthalpy for economizer control, a Waidner AHU mixed air 

temperature (MAT), exterior CO2 level) per design are not displayed at the drawings. 

• There does not appear to be any fresh air to the collections area. 

• Increase the frequency of filter replacement at the Waidner AHUs. 

• Provide an outlet timer (with battery backup) to reduce unit cycling and unoccupied 

use of the domestic hot water heater (DHWH). (Waidner electric DHWHs located at 

Collections and near penthouse; penthouse unit off at disconnect). 

• The building management system (BMS – used interchangeably with building 

automation system BAS) for Spahr AHU-3 indicated the outdoor air (OA) damper 

position at 100% OA while the discharge air temperature (DAT) was over 20° F 

above the outdoor air temperature (OAT) (inspection during winter month). Please 

review for proper operation. 

• The libraries are candidates to have a separate outdoor air temperature lockout on 

their HVAC systems. Even if the central plant has temperature setpoints and does 

not usually run 24 hours a day, putting a separate lockout on each building will 

reduce pump power expenditure and radiation losses. 

• We recommend installing submeters to record and track all energy use in the 

libraries. This information can be used to identify future performance improvement 

possibilities as well as confirm the impact of implemented changes. 

• Allowing static pressure reset on Waidner AHU-1 and AHU-2 will ease unnecessary 

stress on downstream components and reduce the amount of power consumed by 

the fans. 

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• Upgrading the T8 fluorescent lighting to spectrally-enhanced lamps will allow lighting 

power levels to be reduced without affecting lighting levels or interfering with patrons. 

The current lamps seem to have a correlated color temperature (CCT) of about 

3000; a change to 5000 should be investigated. 

• We recommend eliminating constant volume airflow and replacing those units with 

variable flow (VAV) equipment. 

• There may be some room for unoccupied setback in the Collections area. 

• Methods of reducing solar heat gain through windows should be evaluated – this will 

reduce the cooling load during sunny months. Low emissivity films or coatings may 

not be a good choice considering the construction of the windows, but interior 

shades or blinds would be effective and could be chosen to complement library 

décor. 

• A program of equipment sensor calibration should be developed to ensure that 

readings at the front end of the building management system are accurate. 

• A program of cleaning and inspection of strainers in the heating systems should also 

be implemented. 


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5 Rector Science Center – James Hall 


Air: James Hall is served by five (5) large air handling units located 

in the North and South mechanical penthouses. Variable air 

volume (VAV) boxes and exhaust air dampers throughout the 

building provide local temperature control as well as laboratory 

ventilation and pressurization requirements. 

Heating: The central steam plant provides low pressure steam to 

the building for heat during the winter months and heating hot water 

via two parallel heat exchangers located in the basement 

mechanical room. The majority of the classrooms, labs and offices 

are heated with VAV boxes with 

hot water reheats, hot water 

radiant panels or fan coil units. Summer reheat for the lab 

spaces was provided by the hot water boilers in “old” 

James Hall but due to flow issues was not effective. The 

Rector Addition project, currently under construction, is 

installing two hot water condensing boilers to provide 

reheat capability during the summer months. 

Cooling: Chilled water is provided from the central chiller plant to the building during the 

summer months and a chiller on the rooftop of the Tome science building is available for 

winter/shoulder season operation if needed. 

Lighting: Lighting throughout meets current efficiency standards, predominantly using 

compact and linear fluorescent fixtures. Daylight controls are available in the labs, and may 

be utilized to a greater extent. 

Domestic Hot Water: A gas-fired water heater located in the mechanical penthouse 

maintains the domestic hot water loop at temperature. 

5.2 Rector ECIP 

The Rector Science Center ECIP includes the following ECMs: 


1034 1036 1042 1044 1045 

1048 1052 1054 1055 1056 

1058 1059 1117 1118 1133 

Please see Appendix B for details. The overall numbers for Rector total as follows. Rector 

consumes the most energy out of the buildings covered in the audit, so the savings to be 

realized here are the greatest: 

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Gas 

Savings 

6,004 

MMBtu 

Electric 

Savings 

4,548 

MMBtu 


CO2e 

Reduction 

1,129 

MT 


Cost Savings 

$392,600 $194,703 2.0 

years 

50% 


• Shavings were observed under the HWP-2 coupling (also HWP-1 to a lesser extent). 

• The exhaust section of AHU-V-1 does not consistently drain properly (potential 

piping pitch/trap review). Water has also been observed dripping onto the floor at the 

supply side at times. 

• Variable frequency drive (VFD) fans of disconnected units remain on (North Bar 

AHU-1, 2 alternate). Include VFD filters during filter review. 

• The steam flow shown at the hot water graphic indicated negative while it was 

serving the heat exchangers. 

• SB-AHU-1 did not maintain the discharge air temperature (DAT) setpoint (or requires 

sensor calibration). The heating valve maintained a leaving coil temp of 60° F, 

although this translated to a supply air temperature of 52°, well below setpoint. Note 

that checks at a few VAVs (with valves closed) indicate that the supply air (SA) may 

be greater than 52°. 

• At SB-AHU-2, heating leaving temp is 60.11°, DAT is 52.21° (similar to SB-AHU-1 

issue). 

• DHWH barometric damper not balanced. 

• The north bar is unable to maintain the programmed supply or exhaust static with 

one unit in operation. Hoods at both building wings enter alarm during high demand, 

indicating that static pressure setpoints should also be reviewed. 

• Per a check of NB-AHU-1, openings were observed (for conduit) across the fan 

section, allowing continuous bypass around the fan. Ensure that all internal openings 

are effectively sealed. 

• Per the BMS, the preheat temperature at NB-AHU-1 was 129.66° F while the unit 

was not in operation. Per a visual inspection, the sensor/coil was cold. 

• Per the BMS, NB-AHU-1 indicated a flow of 2,336 cfm (cubic feet per minute) while 

the unit was not in operation. We recommend that leakage is examined and airflow 

measuring stations are calibrated. 

• Lab 2125 indicates a GEX flow of 952 cfm with the damper fully closed. 

• There may be an opportunity to reduce the unit heater setpoints at the penthouse, 

notably under the petal roof areas. 

• The BMS indicates that point RSC.2008.3:DAY.NGT has failed (second floor south). 

• The energy wheel controller at SB-AHU-1 is in alarm. The reset knob is broken. 

• Exterior insulation is incomplete at a portion of the wall under the North Bar petal 

roof, and there appears to be a small opening to the exterior. 

• Room 1118 indicates a failed point, and displays a DAT substantially higher than the 

AHU discharge with the hot water valve commanded fully closed. 

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• RSC.STAIR1.6 indicates a failed sensor. Per visual inspection, the display is not 

shown at one of the two sensors at the lower level lobby area. 

• Room 1109 indicates a discharge air temperature of 93° F while the hot water valve 

command remains fully closed. The space was found to be well above setpoint. 

• Room 1107 indicates a failed point at the BMS. 

• Fume hood monitor (RSC.118.FHM) indicates face velocity but not airflow (cfm) or 

sash position (both are required to calculate face velocity). There is some question 

whether this hood is drawing excessive air, potentially if the sash width is not input 

correctly. 

• The vivarium maintains a low space humidity with the humidifier commanded 100% 

open. It is possible that cycling of the steam plant reduces humidity further at night. 

Building design appears to require continuous steam for building reheats (after Hx) 

and AHU steam. 

• Exhaust fan EF06 was observed commanded on with no current draw or status. 

• One of the exhaust VAVs in room 2117 indicates an exhaust airflow of zero although 

the setpoint is 900 cfm. Another exhaust VAV serving this space exhausts only 132 

cfm (setpoint remains 900 cfm). Associated snorkels appear to be taped shut. 

• The supply air VAV in 1206 provides 48 cfm (less than setpoint) with the damper 

commanded fully open. This also applies to the exhaust air VAV in 1202 

• The supply air VAV in 1202 maintains a high discharge air temperature (81° F) with 

the valve commanded shut. This also applies to a supply VAV in 1121 and 2112. 

• Increase the frequency of AHU filter replacement for outside air applications. At the 

time of the site visit, filter loading (i.e. dirt and debris) was excessive due to outside 

air pulled from the adjacent construction site. 

• Insulate the hot water air separator. 

• Close the shot feeder valves when not in use. This will decrease hot water bypass 

and reduce heat loss through uninsulated piping. 

• The graphics indicated the hot water perimeter loop with a temperature drop of 0.1° 

F while the pump maintained 66% with the bypass closed. Investigate sensors and 

review opportunities for a differential pressure reset. 

• Install programmable thermostats (alternate DDC control) for the stair fan coil units 

(FCUs). Reduce temperature setpoints as applicable based on curtailment program. 

• A program of equipment sensor calibration should be developed to ensure that 

readings at the front end of the building management system are accurate. 

• A program of cleaning and inspection of strainers in the heating systems should also 

be implemented. 

• We noted that it seems that only one of the heat exchangers is connected to steam. 

Enabling steam flow to both heat exchangers will increase the heat transfer area and 

allow pumps to be run at a lower speed. 

• We recommend installing submeters to record and track all energy use in the 

science center. This information can be used to identify future performance 

improvement possibilities as well as confirm the impact of implemented changes. 


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6 Adams Hall 


Air: Dorm rooms are provided with operable windows to allow natural ventilation to the 

spaces. Building exhaust fans are restricted to toilets and temperature control of unoccupied 

spaces. 

Heating: Adams Hall is not connected to the central plant – two 

dedicated boilers provide hot water for the radiant heaters in the 

building, and maintain 

redundant capacity. The 

boilers are provided with 

dual-fuel capability to take 

advantage of low, 

interruptible gas rates. Zone pumps located in the 

basement currently operate based on outdoor air 

conditions. However, BAS control is being provided to 

allow scheduled setback as well as improved system 

monitoring. 

Cooling: Student rooms are equipped with local air conditioners during the warmer months. 

Air conditioners are owned and maintained by the College. 

Lighting: Lighting throughout has not been upgraded with advances in lighting technology, 

and with most lighting power consumed by T12 fixtures. Occupancy sensors are not utilized 

at dorm rooms or circulation areas, and present some opportunity for savings in addition to 

fixture modernization. 


Domestic Hot Water: Two gas-fired water heaters 

located in the basement mechanical room distribute hot 

water throughout the building. Capacity is available to 

maintain peak hot water flows to restroom fixtures, 

which present some opportunity for flow reduction. A 

hot water recirculation pump maintains the loop 

temperature during periods of low use. Adjustment is 

available through an existing aquastat to allow energy 

savings through controlled setback. 

Page 18



6.2 Adams ECIP 

We recommend considering these ECMs for Adams Hall: 

1060 1064 1065 1068 1069 

1071 1073 1074 1075 1114 

1121 

Please see Appendix C for details. The overall numbers for Adams total as follows: 

Gas 

Savings 

446 

MMBtu 

Electric 

Savings 

226 

MMBtu 


CO2e 

Reduction 

64 

MT 


Cost Savings 

$109,066 $11,178 9.8 

years 

10% 


• Review boiler combustion efficiency reports. Operate boiler with increased efficiency 

rather than regular switchover. Adjust airflow to the mechanical room as needed to 

optimize boiler efficiency. 

• Implement program for recording efficiencies and age of building appliances (student 

refrigerators, microwaves and air conditioners) to optimize with replacement 

schedule and payback opportunities. 

• Install a thermal mixing valve to reduce water distribution temperature (serves 

lavatories and washing machines). There may be an opportunity to reduce tank 

temperature. Note that some standards recommend tank temperatures higher than 

distributions temperatures to prevent Legionella. 

• Install thermostatic valves in the dorm rooms to cut down on excessive runtime of 

heating. A review of piping configuration is required to ensure this is viable. 

• Clean radiators (conditions vary) and exhaust ductwork. 

• Cap openings to the exterior at the 4th floor fan room. 

• Dual-flush valves can be retrofitted onto existing water closets to provide a low-flow 

option. 

Page 19



7 Holland Union Building (HUB) 


Air: With a large variety of room types and usage schedules, air handling in HUB is a mixand-match 

affair with 21 different units serving various areas throughout the building. The 

basement public areas are served primarily by AHU-1, which conditions air before dumping 

it into the plenum (the space between ceiling panels 

and floor above). Similar to Spahr Library, diffusers in 

the ceiling allow the air to enter spaces. 

Heating: Steam is provided by the central plant to a hot 

water heat exchanger which serves HUB. A separate 

boiler in the basement produces steam for dining 

services use during the summer when the central plant 

is shut down. 


Cooling: Chilled water is provided via the central chiller plant 

on campus during the summer months. There are a 

number of smaller AHUs with minimum outdoor air rates 

that require cooling during the shoulder season and winter 

months. A chiller in the penthouse (picture to left) above the 

dining area provides chilled water for use in these select air 

handling units. 

Lighting: HUB lighting has been replaced using a phased approach. Lighting is 

predominantly linear fluorescent, with T12 fixtures remaining in portions of the lower level. 

Lighting control is primarily under manual control, and given the extended building schedule, 

lighting in some areas operates continuously. 

Refrigeration: Dedicated air-cooled condensers provide 

refrigeration for the walk-in coolers and freezers. The units are 

being relocated to the roof during replacement periods to allow 

reprogramming of the interior space. The majority of units remain 

in use throughout the year. 

Domestic Hot Water: A domestic hot water storage tank in the lower level mechanical room 

serves the building, with temperature maintained through the use of hot water circulation 

through the building loop. The tank is heated with steam from the central plant during the 

winter months and a local steam boiler during the summer months. 

Building Automation System: There is a Siemens Building Automation System (Apogee) for 

the building. The system was installed a few years ago but provides basic / rudimentary 

control of the AHUs for heating, cooling, damper control and fan start/stop, etc. There are a 

Page 20



number of smaller independent systems that have not been connected to the BAS and 

would be candidates to control automatically in the future as the College expands the use of 

the system in the building. 

7.2 HUB ECIP 

We recommend the following ECMs for implementation at the HUB: 


1081 1083 1084 1085 1086 

1089 1092 1094 1097 1099 

1100 1102 1103 1104 1107 

1110 1112 1113 1115 1116 

1120 1122 1125 1126 1127 

1128 1129 1130 1131 1135 

Please see Appendix D for details. The overall numbers for HUB total as follows: 

Gas 

Savings 

2,529 

MMBtu 

Electric 

Savings 

944 

MMBtu 

CO2e 

Reduction 

340 

MT 


Cost Savings 

$233,493 $50,291 4.6 

years 

22% 


• Close gate valves serving the heat exchangers during the summer months. 

• A motorized damper at the data room appears to remain open to separate zones. 

• A condensate tank is leaking. 

• Cap the draw-through humidifier at AHU-16 (abandoned) 

• The chiller evaporator bypass was found open. 

• Substantial air is leaking from the AH-3 supply air flex connections. 

• No setback is available at the vestibule heater at Union Station, and the conditioned 

space is open to the plenum (no intended airflow is evident). Review opportunities to 

close the plenum opening, and consider setback control. 

• All dining area T8 fixtures remain on while doors are locked and the space receives 

limited or no use. Reduce space lighting when the dining hall is not in service. 

• Provide added control for the remaining AHUs in the BAS to provide monitoring and 

setpoint optimization. Outside air damper control may also be beneficial depending 

on intended operation. 

• Combined heat and power generation (CHP / cogeneration) should be considered. 

A previous CHP project in HUB was unsuccessful, but improvements in technology 

may have re-opened the door to this possibility. 

• Demand control ventilation, using CO2 sensors to determine how much outdoor air is 

supplied to the building spaces, should be considered. This type of control can 

significantly reduce heating and cooling load when lightly occupied. 

Page 21



• Office areas in the basement should be isolated to ensure that heating and cooling 

loads are not affected by these spaces when they are unoccupied. 

• Relief ducts for AHU-7 and AHU-8 should have dampers installed. Currently outside 

air is free to come in and conditioned air is free to leave. 


Page 22



Appendix A – Detailed ECM Descriptions (Library) 

Appendix B – Detailed ECM Descriptions (Rector) 

Appendix C – Detailed ECM Descriptions (Adams) 

Appendix D – Detailed ECM Descriptions (HUB) 

Appendix E – Full ECIP Including Rejected ECMs 

Appendix F – PPL E-power Incentives 

See also https://www.pplelectric.com/save-energy-and-money/rebate-and-incentiveprograms/customer-rebates-applications.aspx 


Page 23

Appendix A – Detailed ECM Descriptions (Library)

ECM-1002: Control of exhaust fans 

Description: Currently the building exhaust fans are controlled inefficiently. Instead of having 

them run constantly, we recommend that you control their operation with time clocks (or BAS) 

so that they run only while buildings are open, or with occupancy sensors which would turn 

them on only when the space is in use. 

During our inspections and interviews, it appeared that some exhaust fans run constantly, some 

perhaps not at all. We could not determine what areas some fans served. Although DC clearly 

make great efforts to avoid wasting heating and cooling energy – if some exhaust fans are being 

controlled improperly, treated air is being wasted. Recapturing those savings is simple if time or 

occupancy control is instituted. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Spahr, Waidner exhaust fans. 

O&M Impact: Oversight of control setting / programming will be required. 

Expected Life of ECM: Control equipment has an average life cycle of fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: None. 

Recommended M&V Method: Provide trend logs on BAS to monitor performance of fan 

systems. If time clocks are used then manually testing will be required. 

Rebates / Incentives Available: None. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1002 

Exhaust Fan Control 

Annual Savings 

Hot Water 

(BTU) Oil (gal) 

CO2 

(mtons) $ Dollars 

5,489 81,725 7.68 1,254 

Economic Performance 

$ Annual Savings $ Installed Cost Simple Payback ROI 

$1,254 $5000 4.0 years 25%

ECM-1008: Replace electric heat with HW heat 

Description: Local electric heaters are a relatively inefficient 

way to provide heat. Replacing these units with hot water 

radiators (baseboard radiator units or radiant panels) or fanpowered 

variable air volume (VAV) boxes will have positive 

effects on user comfort as well as energy consumption. 

The Spahr staff area is the area in question. Even though 

the heaters are only on when personnel require it; you 

would save energy by switching to a different technology for the times when the system is 

actually running. The hot water radiator option will allow an energy saving strategy further 

detailed in ECM-1021. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Spahr staff area. 

O&M Impact: None. 

Expected Life of ECM: VAVs have an average life expectancy of twenty (20) years. Hot water 

radiators have a slightly longer lifespan, averaging twenty-five (25) years. 


Recommended M&V Method: Periodic testing of HVAC system for proper operation. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1008 

Replace Electric Heat 


Hot Water 


CO2 


21,336 (91,000) 8.13 1,445 



$1,445 $17,500 12.1 years 8%

ECM-1009: Convert pumps to variable flow 

Description: Currently the pumps send a constant volume of water through the system; whether 

demand is high or low this amount is always the same. Controlling pumps with a variable 

frequency drive (VFD) will slow the speed at which the motor must run when demand is light, 

resulting in a drop in electricity consumption. 

In support of this measure, the piping for the AHU unit coils served should be converted to twoway 

control with electronic actuation. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Spahr pumps P-4, P-14, P-15. 

O&M Impact: A Preventative Maintenance schedule should be added for periodic calibration of 

sensors and inspecting / testing of the VFD. 

Expected Life of ECM: With proper maintenance and periodic inspection, the VFD should have 

a life expectancy of fifteen (15) years. Pump life cycle should also be increased because the 

VFD will prevent tangential forces on the pump shaft that decrease bearing and seal life. 

Staff Training Requirements: Training on VFD operation and maintenance. 

Recommended M&V Method: Pre- and post-installation measurement of power should be 

performed to verify savings impact. 

Rebates / Incentives Available: PPL’s E-power Program offers an incentive of $30 per HP for 

qualifying projects. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1009 

Pump VFD 


Hot Water 


CO2 


28,577 17.37 2,958 



$2,958 $12,500 4.2 years 24%

ECM-1010: Convert chilled water pumps to variable flow 

Description: Currently the chilled water (CHW) pumps serving Waidner Library 

AHUs pump a constant volume of water through the CHW system regardless 

of the demand experienced at the equipment. Controlling these pumps with a 

variable frequency drive (VFD) will allow the system to adjust the amount of 

water flowing to meet – but not exceed – the requirements at any given time. 

This will result in less wear and tear on the pumps and reduced electricity 

consumption. 

The chilled water pumps for both Spahr and Waidner would all benefit from this 

upgrade. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Waidner CHW pumps - P-16, P-17. 



Expected Life of ECM: With proper maintenance and periodic inspection, the inverter should 

have a life expectancy of fifteen (15) years. Pump life cycle should also be increased because 

the VFD will prevent tangential forces on the pump shaft that decrease bearing and seal life. 






Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1010 

CHW Pump VFD 


Hot Water 


CO2 


29,483 17.92 3,052 



$3,052 $9,000 2.9 years 34%

ECM-1011: Convert heating hot water pumps to variable flow 

Description: Currently the heating hot water (HW) pumps serving Waidner pump a constant 

volume of water to equipment regardless of the demand. Controlling these pumps with a 

variable frequency drive (VFD) will allow them to reduce their run speed when not heavily 

loaded. This will result in less use of electricity. 

We noted that many of the distribution pumps (both HW and CHW) are installed with balancing 

valves that are set to block significant amounts of flow. Installing VFDs on the motors to control 

the amount of flow, while opening the balance valves all the way to maximize benefit of the VFD 

will eliminate the wastefulness of pumping at full power while throttling back the flow in the 

current manner. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Waidner HW pumps - P-11, P-12. 




a life expectancy of fifteen (15) years. Pump life cycle should also be increased because the 

VFD will prevent tangential forces on the pump shaft that decrease bearing and seal life. 






Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1011 

HW Pump VFD 


Hot Water 


CO2 


10,716 6.51 1,109 



$1,109 $8,500 7.7 years 13%

ECM-1012: Daylighting control for lighting 

Description: Why use electricity to produce light when 

there’s plenty of it right outside being provided by the 

sun? By installing controls sensitive to the amount of 

daylight coming into the area, you can reduce 

reliance on bulbs and fixtures and cut energy use. 

This control senses the amount of sunlight present 

and ramps down the power output of the electric 

lights to the minimum level that will maintain the 

desired light levels in the area, or can switch them off 

entirely. 

There are many windows around the perimeter of the libraries; during our inspection on a bright, 

sunny day there was more than sufficient light coming from the sun alone – yet the fixtures were 

all on. We understand that there is little or no localized lighting control, especially in Spahr: a 

small number of switches each turn on vast number of fixtures over broad areas. The inability 

to turn off lights in the vicinity of windows gives this ECM even more potential to provide 

savings. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Spahr, Waidner – light fixtures near perimeter windows. 

O&M Impact: Reducing the running hours of lighting or their power output will extend bulb life, 

making replacements less frequent. 

Expected Life of ECM: This type of control equipment has an average life cycle of fifteen (15) 

years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Operation and maintenance of sensors. 

Recommended M&V Method: None. 

Rebates / Incentives Available: Rebates are available through PPL E-power Program. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1012 

Daylighting Control 


Hot Water 


CO2 


5,127 (6,719) 2.76 474 



$474 $6,000 12.7 years 8%

ECM-1013: Upgrade lighting fixtures 

Description: There is still some outdated lighting remaining 

in the building. We recommend the replacement of these 

with newer, more efficient models which use substantially 

less energy. The main culprit in these cases is usually the 

T-12 type fluorescent lamp. This was the industry standard 

in the recent past, but has been superseded by better 

technology today – particularly T-8 and T-5 fluorescents. 

These offer improved efficiency without the increase in price to cutting-edge lighting such as 

LEDs. 

Thanks to recent renovations, this is by no means a widespread issue in the libraries. However, 

a few straggler T-12 fluorescent bulbs were found. These should be replaced with T-8 or better. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Spahr, near elevator on bottom floor. 

O&M Impact: Reduced re-lamping. 

Expected Life of ECM: Lighting fixtures have an average life cycle of twenty (20) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Lighting efficacy and spectrally enhanced lighting opportunities. 

Recommended M&V Method: Test with light sensor the footcandle reading before retrofit and 

after to ensure adequate light. Measure reduction in amp draw to fixtures as well. 

Rebates / Incentives Available: PPL E-power Program incentives at $6 per lamp are available. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1013 

Lighting Upgrade 


Hot Water 


CO2 


329 0.2 34 



$34 $150 4.4 years 23%

ECM-1014: Use extended surface area filters in air handling units 

(AHUs) 

Description: When air handling units bring in outside air, they bring 

with it all manner of dirt, debris, and other unwanted matter. All AHUs 

have filters, but some filters are more effective than others. We 

recommend installing a filter with an extended surface area which will 

allow it to trap more foreign matter. Instead of being flat, ridges and 

valleys effectively broaden the surface in contact with the airstream. 

This additional area also adds significantly to the useful life of the filter, making replacement 

less frequent. 

By increasing the area of the filters, an AHU fan won’t have to work as hard to push (or pull) air 

into the system; so it consumes less energy. Although they have a higher initial cost, extended 

surface air filters require a smaller pressure drop to pass air through them and consequently 

decrease the power needed by the fan motor. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Waidner AHU-1, AHU-2. 

O&M Impact: Longer life of the new filters should mean that they need to be inspected less 

often. Inspections notwithstanding, they will also need to be changed less often. 

Expected Life of ECM: Filter life depends primarily on the amount of material in the local air and 

the numbers of hours the equipment is run. 


Recommended M&V Method: Static pressure measurements can confirm the expected 

reduction in drop across the filter. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1014 

Extended Surface Area Filters 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


18,785 11.42 744 



$744 $2,000 2.7 years 37%

ECM-1015: Occupancy / vacancy sensors for stack lighting 

Description: An ordinary light switch puts all responsibility for 

energy use on the users in a room, and takes away the power of 

your O&M staff to regulate electricity consumption there. Turning 

the lights on when you come in and turning them off again when 

going out is the best way to ensure that not a single watt too many 

is used; but it’s far too easy to forget to flip the switch when you 

leave. Installing sensors to turn on the lights on when people are in 

a space (occupancy sensor) or to turn off the lights after no one is 

left (vacancy sensor) is the best way to bridge the gap between 

total user control (or lack thereof) and micromanagement by staff. 

Some of the book stack areas have lighting units suspended above aisles of books; these 

appear to remain on constantly, even if no one enters a given aisle during the course of an 

entire day. Putting sensors in these locations to turn on the lights only when in use will reduce 

electricity consumption. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Spahr and Waidner: stack areas. 



Expected Life of ECM: Sensor life is estimated to be ten (10) years, but should lead to 

increased lamp life of the fixtures. 

Staff Training Requirements: Sensor inspection and testing training. 

Recommended M&V Method: Post-installation testing of sensor efficiency. 

Rebates/Incentives Available: PPL E-power Program incentive of $45 per sensor (not to exceed 

cost) is available. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1015 

Stack Lighting Occupancy Sensors 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


6,147 (5,666) 3.43 589 



$589 $2,850 4.8 years 21%

ECM-1016: Occupancy / Vacancy sensors for study rooms 

Description: An ordinary light switch puts all responsibility for energy use on the users in a room, 

and takes away the power of your O&M staff to regulate electricity consumption there. Turning 

the lights on when you come in and turning them off again when going out is the best way to 

ensure that not a single watt too many is used; but it’s far too easy to forget to flip the switch 

when you leave. Installing sensors to turn on the lights on when people are in a space 

(occupancy sensor) or to turn off the lights after no one is left (vacancy sensor) is the best way 

to bridge the gap between total user control (or lack thereof) and micromanagement by staff. 

We noted that the study rooms in the libraries sometimes had lights on even though no one was 

using them. Putting sensors in these rooms to turn off the lights when not in use (or turn them 

on only when in use), will cut electricity consumption. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Waidner: study rooms. 







Rebates/Incentives Available: PPL E-power Program incentive of $45 per sensor (not to exceed 

cost) is available. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1016 

Study Room Occupancy Sensors 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


146 (164) 0.08 14 



$14 $400 29.2 years 3%

ECM-1020: Convert AC unit from vane regulation to 

VFD control 

Description: Currently the air conditioning unit controls the 

amount of supply air via an inlet guide vane. This opens 

and closes its dampers to allow more or less air in, 

depending on the current airflow requirements. However, 

installing a variable frequency drive (VFD) on the fan motor 

to take over this regulatory function will allow greater 

control and improved energy savings. 

The unit in question is the newest air conditioner in the Spahr penthouse, AC-4, which has a 15 

horsepower (hp) motor. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: AC-4 




a life expectancy of fifteen (15) years. Fan life cycle should also be increased because the VFD 

will prevent tangential forces on the fan shaft that decrease bearing and seal life. 






Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1020 

AC-4 to VFD Control 


Hot Water 


CO2 


28,215 17.15 2,920 



$2,920 $6,500 2.2 years 45%

ECM-1021: Spahr heating strategy 

Description: After converting Spahr perimeter electric 

heat to hydronic (baseboard radiators or radiant panel 

heat – see ECM-1008), we recommend that the 

College install variable frequency drives (VFDs) on 

Spahr units AHU-1 and AHU-2. This will allow 

reduced airflow in the heating mode with proportional 

(PID) control relative to zone temperature. PID control 

is a method which uses feedback from a space to 

stable system behavior in close alignment with the desired setpoints. 

Alternatively, implement fan cycling for Spahr units AHU-1 and AHU-2 such that the fans remain 

off (and valves closed) when space temperature and CO2 levels are acceptable. Ensure that 

perimeter heat (now that it will be hot water) is the primary stage of heating. Savings can be 

realized through reduced fan and hot water energy consumption in the heating months. Comfort 

control can be improved through extended operation of perimeter heat. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Spahr AHU-1, AHU-2. 


CO2 sensors and inspecting / testing of the VFD. 









Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1021 

Hydronic Heat Strategy 


Hot Water 


CO2 


100,015 (426,563) 38.13 6,772 



$6,772 $74,660 11.0 years 9%

ECM-1022: Bypass Spahr ceiling lighting 

Description: Due to the nature of the ceiling construction in 

Spahr library, lighting changes are probably very difficult. 

However, the fixtures in the ceiling are not ideal because 

they are relatively inefficient and they are not controlled on 

a local level – they all switch on regardless of what areas 

need to be on at any given time. We have identified an 

option for improvement over the current system. 

This strategy dovetails with ECM-1015, which discussed fitting the existing between-stack 

lighting with sensors to turn them on and off based on user presence. Taking that one step 

further, since it would be too expensive to take out the fixtures themselves, we suggest taking 

the lamps (bulbs) out of the existing fixtures and installing high-efficiency between-stack lighting 

with occupancy sensors to serve the entire stack area. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Spahr library. 


Expected Life of ECM: Lighting has an average life cycle of twenty (20) years. Wiring can be 

expected to last at least thirty-five (35) years. 





Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1022 

Bypass Spahr Ceiling Lighting 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


112,863 68.59 11,682 



$11,682 $211,995 18.1 years 6%

ECM-1026: Timed light switching 

Description: Similar to putting lights on a sensor-controlled 

switch, putting them on a time-controlled switch will reduce the 

amount of time during which they are consuming energy. A 

time control can be set to automatically turn lights off when a 

building or a space is not scheduled to be in use, and turn them 

back on again when users will be present. 

This ECM is for the collections area. We recommend putting 

the staff area lights on a timer so that are not on when the room is closed. 

One thing that might be worth noting is that turning off lights actually removes a heat source 

from a space. Subsequently, air handling equipment may cycle on more to make up the 

difference – leading to a decrease in overall energy use and cost but an increase in heating 

energy consumption. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Waidner library, collections area. 

O&M Impact: Additional switching should extend the life of the lighting by reducing runtime. 

Expected Life of ECM: Switches have an average life cycle of twenty-five (25) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Using the timer. 

Recommended M&V Method: Verification of time control device operation. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1026 

Timed Lighting 


Hot Water 


CO2 


2,686 (1,152) 1.57 268 



$268 $375 1.4 years 72%

ECM-1050: AHU-Radiant heat coordination 

Description: AHUs throughout Waidner and 

Spahr were observed in economizer operation 

while the radiant heating zones of both buildings 

were active. If the controls of the AHUs are 

telling them it is not necessary to heat, but the 

radiant heaters think it is time to turn on, a conflict 

exists that can potentially waste energy. 

Consider reviewing applicable setpoints and 

adjusting deadbands to reduce competition for 

temperature. (“deadband” is the temperature range which is too hot to require heating but too 

cool to require cooling) This may mean setting AHUs to come on at a higher temperature or 

setting radiant heat to come on at a lower temperature. It should be possible to ensure that 

systems are acting in concert instead of against each other. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Library AHUs and radiation heating. 

O&M Impact: Monitoring of setpoints or other control methods of AHUs and radiant heat. 

Expected Life of ECM: One (1) year. 

Staff Training Requirements: Train maintenance personnel on overall system operation and 

importance of having consistent setpoints for multiple systems serving a single space. 

Recommended M&V Method: Verification of system operation and control setpoints. Provide 

trend logs to monitor performance. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1050 

Heating Coordination 


Hot Water 


CO2 


110,824 522,420 95.09 15,855 



$15,855 $0 0 years

ECM-1136: Retrocommissioning (RCx) of HVAC Systems 

Description: Retrocommissioning (RCx) is a process of testing and measurement to verify that 

systems are still meeting their design intent. As years pass, even finely-tuned systems can 

slowly drift away from ideal conditions and it becomes harder for them to hit their target 

temperatures, airflows, and other setpoints. RCx acts as a tune-up, identifying where 

weaknesses and non-functionalities have developed and allows recommendations to be made 

that will improve system performance. 

The savings below are estimates based on our experience and independent studies of 

retrocommissioning. The costs include the commissioning itself, and also an estimate for 

remediation of problems found. Actual results will vary depending on what issues the process 

finds. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: All HVAC and lighting control systems in the Libraries. 

O&M Impact: RCx process will lead to improved system operation and a reduction in College 

staff O&M for troubleshooting issues. 

Expected Life of ECM: We recommend that systems be commissioned every 3-5 years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Staff training should occur for any changes to sequences of 

operation that are implemented to improve system performance as outlined in RCx process. 

Recommended M&V Method: Verify performance of building steam and chilled water meter and 

provide monthly reporting before and after Rx process. 

Rebates / Incentives Available: This ECM may be eligible for a custom rebate from PPL Epower 

Program if pursued. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1136 

Retrocommissioning 


Hot Water 


CO2 


65,000 800,000 81.99 13,441 



$13,441 $40,000 3.0 years 34%

Appendix B – Detailed ECM Descriptions (Rector)

ECM-1034: Fully open balance valves on 

pumps and run with VFD 

Description: Balancing valves are a common 

way to control the discharge flow of a pump that 

runs at a constant speed. If the pump is 

moving too much water, the valve restricts the 

output to keep the system balanced – but this 

comes at the expense of running the pump at a 

higher speed than required. We recommend 

instead that the valve be fully opened and the 

pump be controlled through variable speed 

drive to modulate the amount of water being 

pumped. 

The 50 HP chilled water pumps, which we found set at 11.9 and 2.0 (i.e. 11.9% open and 2% 

open) could benefit greatly from being run at a lower speed rather than manually restricting the 

flow through the balance valve and using more energy. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: 50 HP chilled water Pumps in Rector. 




a life expectancy of fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: VFD operation and maintenance. 

Recommended M&V Method: When measured over a period of time (not necessarily at any one 

particular instant), the power used by the motor will decrease. If this value is recorded it can be 

compared before and after the change. 

Rebates/Incentives Available: None. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1034 

Pump Regulation 


Hot Water 


CO2 


17,500 10.63 1,811 



$1,811 $0 0 years

ECM-1036: Additional insulation 

Description: Insulation serves two purposes when installed on 

piping systems: one is keeping hot surfaces from radiating 

away too much of the heat from their fluids, the other is to 

prevent cold surfaces from becoming exposed to warm humid 

air – a condition which results in condensation. We recommend 

adding additional insulation to one or more locations in your 

system. 

Examples of good places for insulation include hot or cold water 

piping, hot water heaters, condensate tanks, steam traps, 

valves, cold water pumps, and more. In the case of the Rector 

Center, we particularly noted: 

- Removable insulating jackets should be added to steam gate valves. 

- Steam traps that do not operate based on temperature could also be insulated. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: The above listed equipment in Rector. 

O&M Impact: Insulation jackets will need to be configured to allow for removal for proper 

maintenance of the equipment. 

Expected Life of ECM: Insulation has an average life cycle of twenty (20) years. 


Recommended M&V Method: Not applicable. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1036 

Additional Insulation 


Hot Water 


CO2 


37,464 1.99 $455 



$455 $4,180 9.2 years 11%

ECM-1042: Use extended surface area filters in air handling 

units (AHUs) 

Description: When air handling units bring in outside air, they bring 

with it all manner of dirt, debris, and other unwanted matter. All 

AHUs have filters, but some filters are more effective than others. 

We recommend installing a filter with an extended surface area 

which will allow it to trap more foreign matter. Instead of being flat, 

ridges and valleys effectively broaden the surface in contact with 

the airstream. This additional area also adds significantly to the useful life of the filter, making 

replacement less frequent. 

By increasing the area of the filters, an AHU fan won’t have to work as hard to push (or pull) air 

into the system; so it consumes less energy. Although they have a higher initial cost, extended 

surface air filters require a smaller pressure drop to pass air through them and consequently 

decrease the power needed by the fan motor. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Rector AHUs. 

O&M Impact: Longer life of the new filters should mean that they need to be inspected less 

often. Inspections notwithstanding, they will also need to be changed less often. 

Expected Life of ECM: Filter life depends primarily on the amount of material in the local air and 

the numbers of hours the equipment is run. 


Recommended M&V Method: Static pressure measurements can confirm the expected 

reduction in drop across the filter. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1042 

Extended Surface Area Filters 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


34,809 21.15 2,792 



$2,792 $8,500 3.0 years 33%

ECM-1044: Control of autoclave exhaust fan 

Description: Currently your exhaust fans seem to be controlled inefficiently. Instead of having 

them run constantly, we recommend that you control their operation with time clocks so that 

they run only while buildings are open, or with sensors which would turn them on only when the 

autoclave is in use. 

During our inspections and interviews, it appeared that exhaust fan EF-13 runs constantly, 

regardless of the condition of the space it serves. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Rector EF-13. 




Recommended M&V Method: BAS trend log to verify performance of system and to ensure 

cycling off during unoccupied hours. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1044 

Exhaust Fan Control 


Hot Water 


CO2 


5,456 16,122 4.17 700 



$700 $1,750 2.5 years 40%

ECM-1045: BAS control optimization 

Description: Controlling equipment through the building 

automation system (BAS) has many advantages over 

localized control. With data flowing into a central 

location, your operations staff can have more 

information at their fingertips and will be able to make 

better decisions about how to run equipment and better 

conclusions about how the system is operating. 

We found that the energy recovery wheels (ERW) on the AHUs in Rector are not currently 

controlled optimally by the BAS system. We recommend that they be monitored and controlled 

based on the actual discharge air temperature (DAT) setpoint, thereby increasing the efficiency 

of operation. The ERWs were observed with efficiencies below 30% due to current control for 

mixed air temperature setpoint. Current conditions were noted to cause steam heat to come on 

unnecessarily. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Energy recovery wheels in Rector AHUs. 


Expected Life of ECM: A building management system generally has a life cycle of about fifteen 

(15) years. Newer technology and software is constantly being developed. 

Staff Training Requirements: BAS operation and control method to optimize performance of 

heat wheels. 

Recommended M&V Method: Provide BAS trend logs and reporting to monitor performance of 

wheel and control set points. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1045 

BAS Control Optimization 


Hot Water 


CO2 


71,239 2,837,543 193.98 37,139 



$37,139 $7,000 0.2 years 531%

ECM-1048: Condensing Hot Water Heater 

Description: A condensing hot water heater offers an advantage over a 

traditional gas-fired unit because it utilizes the exhaust gas from the 

burner to preheat incoming cold water. This boosts the efficiency of the 

unit to a level much higher than possible in a standard gas fired heater. 

It is recommended that the current hot water generation be replaced with 

these higher efficiency units. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Rector domestic hot water heater(s). 

O&M Impact: Monitoring of operation and hot water temperature setpoint control to optimize 

system performance. 

Expected Life of ECM: Hot water heaters have an average life cycle of fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Cleaning and maintenance of unit, and checking of operation. 

Recommended M&V Method: Perform combustion efficiency tests annually to verify 

performance. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1048 

Condensing Water Heater 


Hot Water 


CO2 


193,263 10.26 1,876 



$1,876 $27,000 14.4 years 7%

ECM-1052: Optimize daylighting control in labs 

Description: Why use electricity to produce light when there’s 

plenty of it right outside being provided by the sun? By 

installing controls sensitive to the amount of daylight coming 

into the area, you can reduce reliance on bulbs and fixtures. 

These controls sense the amount of sunlight present and ramp 

down the power output of the electric lights to the minimum 

(not necessarily “off”) that will maintain the desired light levels 

in the area. 

Lab space in Rector already uses daylighting control and has 

lights that are on dimmable ballasts. However, we noted that 

the room light levels remain high to reduce fluctuations caused 

by passing clouds, etc. We recommend that you reduce the daylighting minimum threshold and 

reduce the dimming rate to help account for sudden changes without relying on simply keeping 

lights on at high levels. Additional benefits can be realized by reducing the occupancy sensor 

minimum runtime. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Rector labs lighting. 

O&M Impact: Reducing the running hours or lighting output will extend bulb life, making 

replacements less frequent. 

Expected Life of ECM: This type of control has an average life cycle of fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Staff should be trained on the room dimming systems and 

operation of daylight sensors. 

Recommended M&V Method: Verify performance before and after with light meter in space to 

ensure adequate lighting for occupants. 

Rebates / Incentives Available: None – system is already installed. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1052 

Optimize Daylighting Control (Labs) 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


11,777 (15,435) 6.34 1,089 



$1,089 $1,500 1.4 years 73%

ECM-1054: Energy miser for vending machines 

Description: A vending machine is basically a refrigerator; and 

refrigerators use a lot of energy. Since the contents are nonperishable, 

there is no need to keep them at the absolute lowest 

possible temperature while no one is around to drink them (with the 

exception of dairy products). An energy miser connects the machine 

to an infrared sensor that detects when no one is around and turns off 

the power. The better miser units periodically allow a brief cooling 

cycle to meet the minimum requirements set by beverage 

manufacturers for their drinks’ sale. 

In an academic building that is not occupied at night, this type of measure makes a lot of sense 

because no one is around to purchase drinks for long stretches of time. 

Student polls at Dickinson support the use of this particular energy conservation measure. 

Please consult the vendor before installing sensors. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Rector vending machines. 

O&M Impact: Reduced run hours will extend life of vending machine compressors. 

Expected Life of ECM: This type of sensor has an average life cycle of fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Sensor operation and control methodology. 

Recommended M&V Method: Timers can be installed to monitor vending machine run hours to 

verify performance after sensor installation. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1054 

Vending Energy Miser 


Hot Water 


CO2 


850 0.52 88 



$88 $200 2.3 years 44%

ECM-1055: Optimize daylighting control in lobby 

Description: Why use electricity to produce light when there’s plenty of it right outside being 

provided by the sun? By installing controls sensitive to the amount of daylight coming into the 

area, you can reduce reliance on bulbs and fixtures. These controls sense the amount of 

sunlight present and ramp down the power output of the electric lights to the minimum (not 

necessarily “off”) that will maintain the desired light levels in the area. 

Like the labs (see ECM-1052), lobby space in Rector already uses daylighting control. 

However, we noted that the room light level thresholds could be adjusted. Please also ensure 

that all required circuits are connected. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Rector lobby lighting. 

O&M Impact: Reducing the running hours or lighting output will extend bulb life, making 

replacements less frequent. 

Expected Life of ECM: This type of control has an average life cycle of fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Staff should be trained on the room dimming systems and 

operation of daylight sensors. 

Recommended M&V Method: Verify performance before and after with light meter in space to 

ensure adequate lighting for occupants. 

Rebates / Incentives Available: None – system is already installed. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1055 

Optimize Daylighting Control (Lobby) 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


3,310 (4,386) 1.78 306 



$306 $600 2.0 years 51%

ECM-1056: Occupancy / vacancy sensors in labs 

Description: In lab spaces the savings are amplified as the 

occupancy/vacancy sensors allow the lab airflow rate (air changes per 

hour or “ACH”) to be reduced during unoccupied periods. 

The savings for this project in the science labs are listed below, but we 

consider the more expansive measure, ECM-1118, to be indicative of the 

full savings potential in the labs. The results shown here should not be 

considered additive. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Science labs in Rector. 

O&M Impact: Lower airflows result in reduced wear and tear on equipment and less frequent 

filter changes, etc. 

Expected Life of ECM: Fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Train staff on control strategy and significance of reducing ACH 

rates and temperatures during unoccupied hours. 

Recommended M&V Method: Provide trend logs of lab airflow and temperatures before and 

after sensor installation to verify proper operation. 

Rebates / Incentives Available: This ECM may be eligible for a custom incentive from PPL Epower 

Program. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1056 

Occupancy Sensors in Labs 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


595,026 1,051,476 417.44 70,410 



$70,410 $60,000 0.9 years 117%

ECM-1058: Optimize control of AHU-V-1 (Vivarium) 

Description: Temperature setpoints controlling the heat plate 

(dampers) and steam do not appear optimized for discharge air 

temperature control. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Rector AHU-V-1. 


Expected Life of ECM: A building management system generally has a life cycle of about fifteen 

(15) years. Newer technology and software is constantly being developed. 

Staff Training Requirements: BAS operation and control method to optimize performance of 

heat wheels. 

Recommended M&V Method: Provide BAS trend logs and reporting to monitor performance of 

wheel and control set points. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1058 

Optimize Control of AHU-V-1 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


9,094 387,736 26.12 5,008 



$5,008 $3,500 0.7 years 143%








It was noted that a number of sensors and control sequences in Rector appear to be 

experiencing problems, as well as valves and dampers which are not functioning properly. RCx 

can act as a first step to solving these issues. Retrocommissioning would also open up the floor 

to a close analysis of lab airflows, which will warrant not only verification but possibly a rethinking 

of the design requirements. 

The costs and savings below are estimates based on our experience and independent studies 

of retrocommissioning. Actual results will vary depending on what issues the process finds. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: All HVAC and lighting control systems in Rector. 










Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1059 



Hot Water 


CO2 


150,000 1,250,000 157.54 26,015 



$26,015 $65,000 2.5 years 40%

ECM-1117: Unoccupied setback 

Description: There is no need to have temperature or humidity conditions held constantly to 

occupancy requirements when no one is using a space. We recommend allowing the system to 

setback to a lower setpoint at night or during other low- or non-use periods. For example, if a 

normal space temperature heating setpoint is 72°F when occupied, then during unoccupied 

times it should not be a problem to let the space temperature drift down to 60°F. 

Even if students are coming in to use the building after regular class hours, airflows and 

temperatures in offices can certainly be set back. Even common areas could have their settings 

relaxed a little, possibly in connection with occupancy sensors. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Rector. 


Expected Life of ECM: Ten (10) years. 


Recommended M&V Method: Provide BAS trend logs to verify proper operation. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1117 

Unoccupied Setback 


Hot Water 


CO2 


1,756 96,306 6.18 990 



$990 $2,000 2.0 years 49%

ECM-1118: Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Demand controlled ventilation for labs 

Description: Conventional lab design requires high levels of ventilation air to minimum air 

change rates regardless of the current conditions or chemical exposure in the space. The 

quantity of air changes varies between different standards, some of which refute the air change 

method due to the high and arbitrary volumes required, which increase noise, energy 

consumption and the capital cost of ventilation systems due to increased capacity requirements. 

In the same method as a demand controlled ventilation sequence, VOC sensors in the lab can 

be installed to adjust the airflow to ensure that conditions are acceptable, resetting to the 

maximum only in the event of chemical spillage or high exposure. At other times, the airflow will 

control at a lower ventilation rate, and increase as required for space cooling. Implementation of 

this project will yield the highest savings once the hood minimum flows are reduced, such that 

these will not be a limiting factor in the reduction of airflow. 

Coordinating the ventilation of lab space 

with the readings from sensors 

represents an opportunity to reduce the 

amount of airflow and cut down on 

unnecessarily conditioning air. 

The figures below include savings 

associated with ECM 1057. This project 

can be considered to supersede ECM- 

1056. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Rector labs. 

O&M Impact: Re-commissioning of VOC sensor and controller. 

Expected Life of ECM: Sensors have an average life cycle of fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Determine acceptable VOC levels. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1118 

Demand Control Ventilation 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


964,335 1,205,544 650.06 109,928 



$109,928 $263,250 2.4 years 42%

ECM-1133: Synchronous belt drive 

Description: In most air handling equipment, a motor is not 

directly in contact with the fan it is turning. A rubber belt 

transmits the power of the motor into the rotation of the fan. 

Ordinary smooth fan belts rely on the distance between the 

motor shaft and the fan shaft to produce a tension to keep 

the belt in place. However, under demanding conditions, 

these smooth belts can slip and some of the power will be 

lost. This can add up to several percent over the course of a year. 

A synchronous belt (see picture) is more like a bicycle chain; it has teeth that mesh with teeth in 

pulleys on the shafts to eliminate slippage and ensure that all the power in the motor shaft goes 

into the fan shaft. New pulleys would be required, and synchronous belts are more expensive 

than regular smooth belts – but by preventing power loss payback is quickly achieved. 

Because these belts operate at a lower tension, they could be subject to problems when a VFDpowered 

unit ramps up or performs a soft start / stop. Implementing this change only on 

redundant units would add a level of caution. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Rector AHUs. 

O&M Impact: Installing a synchronous drive will reduce the frequency of belt adjustments and 

replacements; it is also likely to reduce the forces on the motor and fan, resulting for longer 

service life of that equipment as well. 

Expected Life of ECM: 

Staff Training Requirements: Installation and maintenance of synchronous belts. 




Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1133 

Synchronous Drives 


Hot Water 


CO2 


80,345 48.83 8,316 



$8,316 $8,120 1.0 years 102%

Appendix C – Detailed ECM Descriptions (Adams)

ECM-1060: Occupancy / vacancy sensors for lighting - corridors 

Description: An ordinary light switch puts all responsibility for energy use 

on the users in a room, and takes away the power of your O&M staff to 

regulate electricity consumption there. Turning the lights on when you 

come in and turning them off again when going out is the best way to 

ensure that not a single watt too many is used; but it’s far too easy to forget 

to flip the switch when you leave. 

For many users it’s not even a matter of forgetting – it’s a matter of not 

being aware of that responsibility or not caring. Installing sensors to turn on the lights when 

people are in a room (occupancy) or to turn off the lights after no one is left (vacancy) is the best 

way to bridge the gap between total user control (or lack thereof) and time-consuming 

micromanagement by staff. 

Adams Hall features bi-level lighting. Half the lights are controlled by one switch and half are 

controlled by another. Adding occupancy / vacancy sensors to one level of lighting would allow 

a certain level of lighting to remain on at all times (if necessary) while lighting above and beyond 

that would turn off when not necessary. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Adams corridors. 

O&M Impact: Reduced re-lamping requirements. 





Rebates / Incentives Available: Rebates are available through PPL’s E-power Program. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1060 

Occupancy / Vacancy Sensors on Lighting 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


20,461 (23,322) 11.2 1,891 



$1,891 $5,500 2.9 years 34%

ECM-1064: Isolate boilers 

Description: When multiple boilers are connected in parallel, the heating capacity of the system 

can be maximized – but waste must be avoided. If only one boiler is operating, the second 

should be isolated by closing the valves at connections to prevent hot water from cycling 

through it. This creates unnecessary losses from heat radiation. 

In Adams Hall, both boilers remain hot although they appear to be installed with significant 

redundancy. During times when one boiler is sufficient, it is suggested that redundant boilers 

are isolated from each other at valves to reduce radiant losses and avoid increased lead boiler 

energy use from unnecessary blending. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Adams boilers. 

O&M Impact: Unless this control is automated, staff will have to monitor the boiler usage and 

open / close valves as necessary to meet demand. 

Expected Life of ECM: Permanent. 

Staff Training Requirements: Boiler valving. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1064 

Isolate Boilers 


Hot Water 


CO2 


50,744 2.69 493 



$493 $0 0 years

ECM-1065: Upgrade lighting 

Description: Some outdated lighting still remains in the 

building. We recommend these be replaced with newer, 

more efficient models that use substantially less energy. 

The main culprit in these cases is usually the T-12 type 

fluorescent lamp. This was the industry standard in the 

recent past, but has been superseded by better technology 

today – particularly T-8 and T-5 fluorescents. These offer 

improved efficiency without the increase in price to cutting-edge lighting such as LEDs. 

The corridor lighting is still T-12, and should be upgraded to the more efficient T-8 or T-5 

models. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Adams corridors. 




Recommended M&V Method: Adams electric meter or additional submeter. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1065 



Hot Water 


CO2 


18,415 (20,990) 10.08 1,702 



$1,702 $4,346 2.6 years 39%


Description: A vending machine is basically a refrigerator, and 









Even in a dormitory, there will still be stretches of time when no one is around to purchase 

drinks. 


Please consult vendor prior to installation. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Adams Hall vending machines. 







Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1068 



Hot Water 


CO2 


850 0.52 88 



$88 $200 2.3 years 44%

ECM-1069: Occupancy / vacancy sensors for lighting – dorm rooms 

Description: An ordinary light switch puts all responsibility for energy use on the users in a room, 

and takes away the power of your O&M staff to regulate electricity consumption there. Turning 

the lights on when you come in and turning them off again when going out is the best way to 

ensure that not a single watt too many is used; but it’s far too easy to forget to flip the switch 

when you leave. 

For many users it’s not even a matter of forgetting – it’s a matter of not being aware of that 

responsibility or not caring. Installing sensors to turn on the lights on when people are in a room 

(occupancy) or to turn off the lights after no one is left (vacancy) is the best way to bridge the 

gap between total user control (or lack thereof) and time-consuming micromanagement by staff. 

Adams Hall could also use this feature in dorm rooms themselves. We further suggest that it 

could be feasible in laundry, vending, and support areas. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: 






Rebates / Incentives Available: Rebates are available through PPL E-power Program. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1069 

Occupancy / Vacancy Sensors in Dorm Rooms 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


12,008 (5,461) 7.01 1,190 



$1,190 $8,000 6.7 years 15%

ECM-1071: Sink aerators 

Description: Installing an aerator in a faucet can reduce the amount 

of water being used without reducing the effectiveness of the 

discharged flow. An aerator introduces air into the water stream to 

increase the effective volume of the stream while decreasing the 

proportion of water. Cutting down the amount of water used also 

cuts down the amount of heated water which much be produced, 

creating energy savings related to fuel costs. 

Interviews with staff indicate that aerators are used in select buildings but are sometimes 

removed by students. However, aerators are still encouraged and should be replaced when 

necessary – they pay for themselves very quickly. In this particular case, under counter 

aerators, which are not removable, may be considered. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Sinks. 

O&M Impact: Requires installation and periodic replacement. 

Expected Life of ECM: Five (5) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: General observation of lavatories to replace aerators as needed. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1071 

Sink Aerators 


Hot Water 


CO2 


102,027 5.42 991 



$991 $420 0.4 years 236%

ECM-1073: Hot water recirculation temperature setback 

Description: The domestic hot water recirculation pump aquastat is currently set at 130° F and is 

causing the pump to run continuously. A recirculation pump distributes hot water through the 

system even when hot water is not being used in order to reduce the delay distributes when it 

may not be necessary. However, a constant flow 24 hours a day may not be necessary. 

Lowering the temperature limit to reduce pump operation, pipe losses and water heater cycling 

is recommended. This is a no-cost measure – just turn down the dial and start saving. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Recirculation pump in Adams. 



Staff Training Requirements: Adjustment of aquastat setpoint, should hot water setpoint be 

adjusted. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1073 

Hot Water Recirculation Temperature Setback 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


5,800 0.5 81 



$81 $0 0 years

ECM-1074: Condensing Hot Water Heater 

Description: A condensing hot water heater offers an advantage over a 

traditional gas-fired unit because it utilizes the exhaust gas from the 

burner to preheat incoming cold water. This boosts the efficiency of the 

unit to a level much higher than possible in a standard gas fired heater. 

It is recommended that the current hot water generation be replaced with 

these higher efficiency units. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Adams domestic hot water heater. 



Expected Life of ECM: Hot water heaters have an average life cycle of fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Cleaning and maintenance of unit, and checking of operation. 


performance. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1074 

Condensing Water Heater 


Hot Water 


CO2 


181,094 9.62 1,758 



$1,758 $20,000 11.4 years 9%

ECM-1075: Condensing boilers 

Description: Replacement of current boilers with 

condensing boilers is recommended. Condensing boiler 

technology improves efficiency over a normal design by 

capturing heat from the water vapor produced by 

combustion. Even small increases in efficiency can 

generate important fuel savings. 

However, due to the current rate structure, retaining one 

dual-fuel boiler may be advantageous to ensure continued 

interruptible rates. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Adams boilers. 



Expected Life of ECM: Boilers have an average life cycle of thirty-five (35) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Maintenance and operation of condensing boiler. 


performance. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1075 

Condensing Boilers 


Hot Water 


CO2 


219,368 11.65 2,130 



$2,130 $60,000 28.2 years 4%

ECM-1114: Upgrade out-of-date lighting fixtures 

Description: Some outdated lighting still remains in the 

building. We recommend these be replaced with newer, more 

efficient models that use substantially less energy. The main 

culprit in these cases is usually the T-12 type fluorescent lamp. 

This was the industry standard in the recent past, but has 

been superseded by better technology today – particularly T-8 

and T-5 fluorescents. These offer improved efficiency without 

the increase in price to cutting-edge lighting such as LEDs. 

The dorm room lighting is still T-12, and should be upgraded to the more efficient T-8 or T-5 

models. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Adams dorm rooms. 




Recommended M&V Method: Adams electric meter or additional submeter. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1114 



Hot Water 


CO2 


14,409 (6,553) 8.41 1,428 



$1,428 $10,600 2.6 years 39%

ECM-1121: Tie into main electric meter 

Description: An analysis of the cost of all utilities on campus shows that the “main electric” 

meter rate is significantly cheaper than the rates being paid at the various smaller meters. 

Consolidating some of the independent connections could result in overall savings. 

The savings below are based on the energy cost data we reviewed as part of the audit. The 

main meter rate was, depending on the year, 20%-50% lower than the outlying meter rates. 

Due to the cost of electrical installations, implementation of this ECM would be much more 

appealing if Rush Campus as a whole, instead of just Adams, was consolidated into the main 

meter. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Adams Hall and Rush Campus. 



Staff Training Requirements: Campus power configuration. 

Recommended M&V Method: Utility bill unit cost comparison. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1121 

Tie Into Main Electric Meter 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 



CO2 


3,429 


$3,429 years

Appendix D – Detailed ECM Descriptions (HUB)

ECM-1081: Isolate boiler 

Description: When multiple boilers are connected in 

parallel, the heating capacity of the system can be 

maximized – but waste must be avoided. If only one 

boiler is operating, the second should be isolated by 

closing the valves at connections to prevent hot 

steam from cycling through it. This creates 

unnecessary losses from heat radiation. 

The boiler in the HUB basement, which is used 

primarily for kitchen hot steam during months when the central boiler is not in operation, should 

be isolated from the system when not in use. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB boilers. 

O&M Impact: Must be automated at this location. Staff will have to monitor the boiler usage and 

open / close valves as necessary to meet demand. The cost below includes automatic valves 

under direct digital control (DDC). 


Staff Training Requirements: Valve locations and intended operation. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1081 

Isolate Boiler 


Hot Water 


CO2 


103,322 5.49 867 



$867 $4,500 5.2 years 19%

ECM-1083: Additional insulation 

Description: Insulation serves two purposes when installed on piping systems: one is keeping 

hot surfaces from radiating away too much of the heat from their fluids, the other is to prevent 

cold surfaces from becoming exposed to warm humid air – a condition which results in 

condensation. We recommend adding additional insulation to one or more locations in your 

system. 

Examples of good places for insulation include hot or cold water piping, hot water heaters, 

condenser tanks, steam traps, valves, cold water pumps, and more. In the case of the HUB, we 

particularly noted: 

- Removable insulation jackets should be added to steam gate valves. 

- Steam traps which do not operate based on temperature could also be insulated. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: The above listed equipment in HUB. 


Expected Life of ECM: Insulation has an average life cycle of twenty (20) years. 




Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1083 

Additional Insulation 


Hot Water 


CO2 


14,658 0.78 178 



$178 $2,480 13.9 years 7%

ECM-1084: Time control on hot water recirculation pump 

Description: The purpose of a hot water recirculation pump is 

to keep hot water flowing through the system so that the 

potential delay is greatly reduced. However, if a building has 

significant periods of time when it is unoccupied, setting the 

recirculation back by adding time control to the pump, which 

turns it off during specified hours, will result in saving energy 

that might otherwise be lost due to distribution losses. Less 

fuel will be burned producing the heat, and pump motors will 

also have to run less. 

The savings calculated below may vary depending on the 

extent to which setback can be implemented. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB boiler recirculation pump. 

O&M Impact: Required oversight of its operation may be reduced. 

Expected Life of ECM: Timer controls have an average life cycle of fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Use of timer. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1084 

Hot Water Recirculation Timer 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


6,599 0.56 95 



$95 $450 4.8 years 21%

ECM-1085: Convert heating hot water pumps to 

variable flow 

Description: Currently HUB heating hot water pumps 

send a constant amount of water to equipment 

regardless of the demand. Controlling these pumps 

with a variable frequency drive (VFD) will allow a 

reduction in speed when not heavily loaded. This will 

result in less use of electricity. 

To be more specific, we noted that many of the 

distribution pumps (both HW and CHW) are fitted with balancing valves that are set to block 

significant amounts of flow. In this way, even though the motor is running at full speed, only the 

necessary amount of liquid is pumped. Installing VFDs on the motors will eliminate the 

wastefulness of pumping at full power while throttling back the flow in the current manner. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Two 15hp hot water pumps in HUB. 




a life expectancy of fifteen (15) years. 




Rebates / Incentives Available: Rebates are available for VFDs through the PPL E-power 

Program. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1085 

HW Pumps to VFD 


Hot Water 


CO2 


21,242 12.91 $2,199 



$2,199 $9,000 4.1 years 24%

ECM-1086: Water-side economizer 

Description: A normal water chiller utilizes a refrigeration 

cycle to cool water for distribution throughout the system. 

A water-side economizer utilizes chilled water heat 

exchange directly to the exterior when outside 

temperatures are low enough to chill water without inputting 

any additional energy. In cases where cooling may be 

required during the heating season (when outside 

temperatures are low), this can be implemented with 

success. 

Since the HUB needs cooling even during winter months, this is an attractive option for energy 

savings. 

An alternative method might be to use the make-up air unit (MAU) intake to provide the cooling 

for chilled water while simultaneously preheating the MAU air. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: 60-ton unit in HUB. 

O&M Impact: Dry cooler maintenance. 

Expected Life of ECM: Twenty (20) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Dry cooler maintenance and system switchover. 

Recommended M&V Method: Flow and temperature metering to demonstrate dry cooler heat 

rejection. 

Rebates / Incentives Available: ECM may be eligible for custom rebate through PPL E-power 

Program. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1086 

Water-side Economizer 


Hot Water 


CO2 


22,990 13.97 2,380 



$2,380 $22,500 9.5 years 11%

ECM-1088: Demand control ventilation 

Description: CO2 sensors act as occupancy sensors for an HVAC system. Since humans 

exhale carbon dioxide when they breathe, the presence of this gas indicates that people are 

present in a space and that ventilation is required to keep them supplied with fresh air. This is 

known as demand controlled ventilation (DCV). Furthermore, indexing ventilation to 

concentrations of CO2 keeps the system from bringing in outdoor air when it is not needed. 

Since outdoor air is usually conditioned (i.e. heated or cooled) after it is brought in, reduced 

outdoor air results in less energy expended on heating and cooling. 

This may be a good option for the 

areas in HUB’s basement served by 

AHU-1. We also recommend that a 

control sequence for this mode of 

operation be made available at the 

front end of the building automated 

system (BAS). 

Exact savings for this ECM will depend on the sequence of operations that would be written, 

including the minimum fresh air intake damper control. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB HVAC system. 

O&M Impact: 

Expected Life of ECM: Sensors have an average life cycle of fifteen (15) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1088 

Demand Control Ventilation 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


964,335 1,205,544 650.06 109,928 



$109,928 $263,250 2.4 years 42%

ECM-1089: Sink aerators 

Description: Installing an aerator in a faucet can reduce the 

amount of water being used without reducing the 

effectiveness of the discharged flow. An aerator introduces 

air into the water stream to increase the effective volume of 

the stream while decreasing the proportion of water. 

Cutting down the amount of water used also cuts down the 

amount of heated water which much be produced, creating 

additional savings related to fuel costs. 

The sinks we tested in the HUB were flowing at 2.2-2.5 gallons per minute (gpm). This is on par 

with the International Plumbing Code standard for a private residence – but it is well over the 

public restroom standard of 0.5 gpm. 

Interviews with staff indicate that aerators are used in select buildings but are sometimes 

removed by students. However, aerators are still encouraged and should be replaced when 

necessary – they pay for themselves very quickly. In this particular case, under counter 

aerators, which are not removable, may be considered. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Sinks. 

O&M Impact: Requires installation and periodic replacement. 

Expected Life of ECM: Five (5) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: General observation of lavatories to replace aerators as needed. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1089 

Sink Aerators 


Hot Water 


CO2 


12,028 0.64 101 



$101 $120 1.2 years 84%

ECM-1092: Plastic strip curtains 

Description: Most people are familiar with the curtains consisting of thick plastic strips often 

found in commercial walk-in coolers and freezers. These curtains effectively reduce the amount 

of air that enters or leaves the interior when the door is opened, thereby saving energy because 

less air has to be re-cooled. We recommend installing these on your walk-in units. 

They already exist on two of the units in HUB, the numbers below reflect the addition to the 

remaining locations. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB walk-in cooler / freezers. 

O&M Impact: Periodic cleaning and replacement. 

Expected Life of ECM: Eight (8) years. 




Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1092 

Plastic Strip Curtains 


Hot Water 


CO2 


8,500 5.17 880 



$880 $1,225 1.4 years 72%

ECM-1094: Condensing boiler 

Description: Replacement of current boilers with 

condensing boilers is recommended. Condensing 

boiler technology improves efficiency over a normal 

design by capturing heat from the water vapor produced 

by combustion. Even small increases in efficiency can 

generate important fuel savings. 

However, due to the current rate structure, retaining 

one dual-fuel boiler may be advantageous to ensure 

continued interruptible rates. 

Utilizing a condensing boiler in the HUB may have even greater advantages due to its primary 

use taking place during the summer. 



Expected Life of ECM: Boilers have an average life cycle of thirty-five (35) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Maintenance and operation of condensing boiler. 


performance. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1094 

Condensing Boiler 


Hot Water 


CO2 


272,219 14.46 2,643 



$2,643 $30,000 11.4 years 9%

ECM-1097: Perimeter radiation schedule 

Description: We recommend that scheduling control be provided for your perimeter radiation. 

Setting up a time schedule in addition to thermostatic control will create an extra level of setback 

that can be utilized to save energy during unoccupied hours. 

Currently the HUB perimeter radiation loop uses a stand-alone thermostat for control and is 

enabled whenever the central plant is on. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB basement perimeter radiation. 

O&M Impact: Periodic scheduling with seasonal occupancy changes. 



Recommended M&V Method: Provide trend data of new direct digital control (DDC) point. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1097 

Perimeter Radiation Schedule 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


19,141 1.02 161 



$161 $1,250 7.8 years 13%

ECM-1099: Convert chilled water pumps to variable flow 

Description: Currently the chilled water (CHW) pumps 

distribute a constant amount of water through the CHW system 

regardless of the demand experienced at the equipment. 

Controlling these pumps with a variable frequency drive (VFD) 

will allow the system to adjust the amount of water flowing to 

meet but not exceed the requirements at any given time. This 

will result in less run time for the pumps and reduce electricity 

consumption. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB chilled water pumps. 









Rebates / Incentives Available: Rebates are available through PPL’s E-power Program. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1099 

CHW Pump VFD 


Hot Water 


CO2 


29,483 17.92 3,052 



$3,052 $9,500 3.1 years 32%

ECM-1100: Occupancy / Vacancy sensors for 

lighting 

Description: An ordinary light switch puts all 

responsibility for energy use on the users in a 

room, and takes away the power of your O&M 

staff to regulate electricity consumption there. 

Turning the lights on when you come in and 

turning them off again when going out is the best 

way to ensure that not a single watt too many is 

used; but it’s far too easy to forget to flip the switch 

when you leave. 

For most users it’s not even a matter of forgetting – it’s a matter of not being aware of that 

responsibility. Installing sensors to turn on the lights when people are in a room (occupancy) or 

to turn off the lights after no one is left (vacancy) is the best way to bridge the gap between total 

user control (or lack thereof) and micromanagement by staff. 

The HUB has bi-level lighting in some areas. Adding occupancy / vacancy sensors to one level 

of lighting would allow some lighting to remain on at all times (if necessary) while lighting above 

and beyond that would turn off when not necessary. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB lower level. 






Rebates/Incentives Available: Rebates are available through PPL’s E-power Program. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1100 

Occupancy / Vacancy Sensors for Lighting 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


3,703 (4,266) 2.02 347 



$347 $520 1.5 years 67%


Description: A vending machine is basically a refrigerator, and 









Even in a dormitory, there will still be stretches of time when no one is around to purchase 

drinks. 


Please consult vendor prior to installation. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Vending machines in HUB. 







Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1102 



Hot Water 


CO2 


850 0.52 88 



$88 $200 2.3 years 44%

ECM-1103: LED lights in walk-in coolers 

Description: LEDs, while always a good choice for lighting needs, are 

particularly suited to cold temperature applications like a walk-in cooler or 

freezer. They can provide two advantages over incandescent or even 

fluorescent lamps: LEDs generate less heat than other kinds of lighting, 

and they retain excellent efficiency at low temperatures. We recommend 

the switch is made to this superior technology. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB kitchen walk-in coolers and freezers. 


Expected Life of ECM: Ten (10) years. 




Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1103 

LEDs in Walk-in Coolers 


Hot Water 


CO2 


1,401 0.85 145 



$145 $2,250 15.5 years 6%

ECM-1104: Snow melt pump control 

Description: It is recommended that some kind of control is installed on the snow melting system 

to ensure that it is running only when it needs to be. This could take the form of a snow sensor 

or connection to the BAS which can read local weather conditions and command the melt 

system accordingly. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: Snow melt pump system at service ramp in back of HUB. 

O&M Impact: Sensor cleaning, depending on type selected. 


Staff Training Requirements: Snow melt controller. 

Recommended M&V Method: Monitoring of pump run time and temperature drop. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1104 

Snow Melt Pump Control 


Hot Water 


CO2 


499 102,364 5.74 911 



$911 $950 1 years 96%

ECM-1107: Kitchen hood VFD control 

Description: We recommend increasing the control over 

kitchen hoods by adding variable frequency drive (VFD) 

control to the fan motors. This will allow full ventilation 

when necessary while cooking; but also permit setback to a 

lower level of power usage when equipment is not actively 

in use. 

One example of this type of control would be an infrared 

sensor which detects heat from the cooking equipment. 

When hot, the hood fans would ramp up to an appropriate 

speed. When cool, the fans would slow down to save 

energy. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB kitchen hoods. 










Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1107 

Kitchen Hood VFD Control 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


5,596 125,203 10.05 1,630 



$1,630 $15,000 9.2 years 11%

ECM-1110: Disable AHU-7 electric heating coils 

Description: We recommend disabling electric heating coils associated with AHU-7. Installing 

standalone variable volume and temperature (VVT) diffusers, or BMS-controlled dampers with a 

variable volume sequence, will result in more efficient use of energy. 

This measure, if taken, will also allow for the use of a variable frequency drive (VFD) with this 

unit. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB AHU-7. 

O&M Impact: Periodic re-commissioning of installed system. 


Staff Training Requirements: New system controls. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1110 

Disable AHU-7 Electric Heat Coil 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


8,923 (26,180) 4.03 704 



$704 $4,600 6.5 years 15%

ECM-1112: Address negative building pressure 

Description: We found that the building is experiencing a negative air pressure. This means that 

more air is being exhausted via ductwork than is being taken in through the ventilation system. 

Since unequal pressures naturally try to equalize, outside air will infiltrate through doors, 

windows, and any openings in the building exterior. Such infiltration contributes additional load 

during heating or cooling of interior spaces. 

We recommend starting with a review of kitchen make-up air options. There may be an 

opportunity to use building air from other systems to reduce infiltration of outdoor air. If the 

Dining Room AHU OA minimum is to remain at zero and the MAU off, utilize unconditioned 

internal make-up air (short circuit supply) for partial make-up. Install side panels and canopies at 

the hoods to reduce spillage and exhaust requirements. 

Final savings will depend on the exact approach used and the design parameters chosen. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB. 

O&M Impact: Monitoring of building pressure. 


Staff Training Requirements: Relationship of building ventilation and exhaust system. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1112 

Address Negative Pressure 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


6,252 155,808 12.07 1,955 



$1,955 $25,000 12.8 years 8%

ECM-1113: Convert AHU from hot / cold deck 

system to VAV 

Description: An air handling unit (AHU) hot / cold deck 

system is one where the AHU has a dedicated 

discharge for hot air (with a heating coil) and a 

separate discharge for cold air (with a cooling coil). 

This type of system can easily waste energy by 

cooling and heating at the same time. To avoid this, 

we recommend changing to a variable air volume 

(VAV) terminal box setup. 

When we examined the control system, we discovered 

that two HUB units, AHU-3 and AHU-5, have this dual 

system in place. During a check of AHU-5 the unit was introducing excess air in the economizer 

mode while the hot deck heating valve was open. That implies a function of heating, but it was 

also allowing outdoor air in through its cold air ducting. Installation of VAVs would avoid this 

issue. 

The numbers below represent a programming upgrade for hot and cold deck temperature resets 

to limit simultaneous heating and cooling. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB AHU-3 and AHU-5. 

O&M Impact: Periodic re-commissioning. 

Expected Life of ECM: VAV boxes have an average life cycle of twenty (20) years. 

Staff Training Requirements: Since there are existing VAV systems elsewhere on campus, no 

additional training should be required 

Recommended M&V Method: Trend data of heating and cooling positions valve. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1113 

Convert to VAV 


Hot Water 


CO2 


160,000 8.5 1,343 



$1,343 $500 0.4 years 269%

ECM-1115: Energy recovery 

Description: The concept of energy recovery consists of taking energy that is created as a 

byproduct of a process, or is left over after a process, and utilizing that energy for something 

else. Refrigeration cycles are a good place to find this kind of recoverable energy because in 

order to cool a space, heat must be removed from the space and deposited somewhere else. 

That removed heat can sometimes be used for another purpose, depending on the system 

layouts and temperatures involved. 

We think that the walk-in coolers and freezers in the HUB kitchen area present an opportunity 

for energy recovery. The condensers of these units reject heat into the environment – this heat 

could be used to meet some of the need for domestic hot water in the building. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB walk-in coolers and freezers. 

O&M Impact: General heat pump maintenance. 


Staff Training Requirements: Heat pump maintenance and relationship with secondary heat 

source. 

Recommended M&V Method: None 

Rebates / Incentives Available: Custom rebates available through PPL’s E-power Program, if 

pursued. 

Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1115 

Energy Recovery 


Hot Water 


CO2 


(1,419) (601,155) 31.06 4,898 



$4,898 $40,000 8.2 years 12%

ECM-1116: Cooler energy miser 

Description: Display coolers consume a lot of energy. While it is 

important to keep contents cold, most units are designed to provide 

a level of cooling for a worst case scenario – doors opening and 

closing many times per hour. In reality, during periods of low usage, 

significant setback is possible without jeopardizing the safety of 

consumers. Installing a device called an “energy miser”, which 

detects the presence of customers (or, as it were, a lack of 

customers during slow periods), will allow the cooler to reduce the 

number of cycles it runs when not in heavy use. This will cut energy 

costs and contribute to a longer useful lifespan by reducing wear and 

tear. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB display coolers. 

O&M Impact: Reduce run hours will extend life of compressors. 


Staff Training Requirements: Sensor operation and control metholodology. 

Recommended M&V Method: Timers can be installed to monitor run hours to verify 

performance after sensor installation. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1116 

Cooler Energy Miser 


Hot Water 


CO2 


2,750 1.67 285 



$285 $750 2.6 years 38%

ECM-1120: Tie into main chilled water loop 

Description: When a campus already has a wide distribution system for chilled water (CHW) 

from a central location, it makes sense to utilize that loop for as many end uses as possible. It 

would be advisable to connect a building that currently uses its own chiller into this system to 

enjoy the benefits of centralization. 

In the HUB basement, it appears that piping for the central plant loop and the HUB dedicated 

chiller are in the same room (with AHU-14) so making this switch should be relatively 

straightforward. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB chilled water loops. 

O&M Impact: Seasonal switchover required. 


Staff Training Requirements: Valve locations and switchovers procedure. 

Recommended M&V Method: Reduced run time of dedicated chiller. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1120 

Tie Into Main CHW Loop 


Hot Water 


CO2 


18,295 11.12 1.894 



$1,894 $8,500 4.5 years 22%

ECM-1122: Control of exhaust fans - bathroom 

Description: Currently the exhaust fans seem to be controlled inefficiently. Instead of having 

them run constantly, it is recommended that there is control of their operation with time clocks 

so that they run only while buildings are open, or occupancy sensors which would turn them on 

only when the bathroom is in use. 

Occupancy sensor control for the bathroom exhaust fans in the HUB is also suggested. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB bathroom exhaust fan. 



Staff Training Requirements: Sensor locations. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1122 

Exhaust Fan Control – HUB Bathroom 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


1,815 16,122 1.96 323 



$323 $1600 5 years 20%

ECM-1125: Control of exhaust fans - theater 

Description: Currently the exhaust fans seem to be controlled inefficiently. Instead of running 

them constantly, we recommend that they are operated with time clocks so that they run only 

while buildings are open, with occupancy sensors which would turn them on only when the 

bathroom is in use. 

We also suggest occupancy sensor control for the exhaust fans in the HUB that serve the 

theater / dressing room. Alternatively, a time schedule could be implemented to the same 

effect. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB theater area exhaust fan. 



Staff Training Requirements: Sensor locations. 



Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1125 

Exhaust Fan Control – HUB Theater 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


3,906 38,216 4.4 725 



$725 $2,750 3.8 years 26%

ECM-1127: Upgrade lighting - corridor 

Description: It appears there remains some outdated lighting 

still remaining in the building. We recommend the 

replacement of these with newer, more efficient models 

which use substantially less energy. The main culprit in 

these cases is usually the T-12 type fluorescent lamp. This 

was the industry standard in the recent past, but has been 

superseded by better technology today – particularly T-8 and 

T-5 fluorescents. These offer improved efficiency without 

the increase in price to cutting-edge lighting such as LEDs. 

The corridor lighting in the basement is still T-12, and should 

be upgraded to the more efficient T-8 or T-5 models. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB basement corridor lighting 




Recommended M&V Method: HUB electric meter or additional submeter. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1127 

Lighting Upgrade - Corridor 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


7,702 (10,094) 4.14 712 



$712 $1,939 2.7 years 37%

ECM-1128: Upgrade lighting – Devil’s Den 

Description: There is still some outdated lighting 

remaining in the building. We recommend the 

replacement of these with newer, more efficient models 

which use substantially less energy. The main culprit in 

these cases is usually the T-12 type fluorescent lamp. 

This was the industry standard in the recent past, but 

has been superseded by better technology today – 

particularly T-8 and T-5 fluorescents. These offer 

improved efficiency without the increase in price to 

cutting-edge lighting such as LEDs. 

The Devil’s Den still has some T-12, and should be upgraded to the more efficient T-8 or T-5 

models. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB basement – Devil’s Den. 




Recommended M&V Method: HUB electric meter or additional submeter. 


Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1128 

Lighting Upgrade – Devil’s Den 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


2,209 (1,497) 1.26 216 



$216 $1,643 7.6 years 13%

ECM-1129: Upgrade lighting - bookstore 

Description: There is still some outdated lighting remaining in the building. We recommend the 

replacement of these with newer, more efficient models which use substantially less energy. 

The main culprit in these cases is usually the T-12 type fluorescent lamp. This was the industry 

standard in the recent past, but has been superseded by better technology today – particularly 

T-8 and T-5 fluorescents. These offer improved efficiency without the increase in price to 


The bookstore still has some T-12, and should be upgraded to the more efficient T-8 or T-5 

models. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB basement – bookstore. 







Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1129 

Lighting Upgrade - Bookstore 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


9,826 (3,950) 5.76 984 



$984 $5,532 5.6 years 18%

ECM-1130: Upgrade lighting - bathrooms 

Description: There is still some outdated lighting remaining in the building. We recommend the 

replacement of these with newer, more efficient models which use substantially less energy. 

The main culprit in these cases is usually the T-12 type fluorescent lamp. This was the industry 

standard in the recent past, but has been superseded by better technology today – particularly 

T-8 and T-5 fluorescents. These offer improved efficiency without the increase in price to 


The HUB basement bathrooms still have some T-12, and should be upgraded to the more 

efficient T-8 or T-5 models. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB basement bathrooms. 







Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1130 

Lighting Upgrade - Bathrooms 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


1,005 (1,317) 0.54 93 



$93 $204 2.2 years 46%

ECM-1131: Upgrade lighting - laundry 

Description: There remains some outdated lighting still remaining in the building. We 

recommend the replacement of these with newer, more efficient models which use substantially 

less energy. The main culprit in these cases is usually the T-12 type fluorescent lamp. This 

was the industry standard in the recent past, but has been superseded by better technology 

today – particularly T-8 and T-5 fluorescents. These offer improved efficiency without the 

increase in price to cutting-edge lighting such as LEDs. 

The laundry room still has some T-12, and should be upgraded to the more efficient T-8 or T-5 

models. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: HUB laundry room. 







Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

ECM-1131 

Lighting Upgrade - Laundry 


Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

Hot Water 


CO2 


931 (373) 0.55 93 



$93 $530 5.7 years 18%








The savings below are estimates based on our experience and independent studies of 

retrocommissioning. The costs include the commissioning itself, and also an estimate for 

remediation of problems found. Actual results will vary depending on what issues the process 

finds. 

Applicable Equipment / Buildings: All HVAC and lighting control systems in HUB. 










Electricity 

(kWh) 

Gas 

(MBTU) 

Chilled 

Water (BTU) 

ECM-1135 



Hot Water 


CO2 


120,000 950,000 123.38 20,393 



$20,393 $60,000 2.9 years 34%


Energy Capital Investment Plan 

STATUS COMMENTS 

CO2 REDUCTION 

MTONS 

ROI % 

PAYBACK 

PERIOD 

ANNUAL SAVINGS 

ESTIMATED ELEC. 

REDUCTION KWH 

ESTIMATED GAS 

REDUCTION MBTU 

ENERGY EFFICIENCY 

MEASURE COST 

BUILDING PROJECT 

ENERGY SUB- 

SYSTEM 

NUM 

1001 End Use Library Review operation of existing systems. See separate 'Cx' list' of identified items. NA NA NA NA NA NA Open 

AHUs and perimeter 

radiation remain off during 

the unoccupied mode. Occ 

M-R 8am - 2am. F 8-10; 

Sa10-10; Su10-2am 

$ 5,000 81,725 5,489 $ 1,254 4.0 25% 7.67 Open 

1002 End Use Library 

Provide a method of time control for the rooftop exhaust fans. Several fans may operate 

continuously. 

Closed 

Closed 

1003 End Use Waidner VAVs throughout are nearing the end of their useful life. Replace VAVs, providing DDC control 

with ith occupancy sensors ( (enclosed l dllocations) ti ) and d CO2 sensors ( (coverage ffor all ll llocations). ti ) 

Optimize domestic hot water generation. If the recirc pump at the Spahr domestic water heater 

is to remain off, consider the use of an instantaneous domestic water heater (energy factor 

over 0.82; current 1991 unit's energy factor is 0.59). 

1004 Generation Spahr 

Plant active at 52 F OAT 

during day, 38 F at night. 

Library/ATS in hub. Start 

at 3-4 am in the morning. 

Night mode at 9 pm. 

NA NA NA NA NA NA Open 

Provide separate occupied and unoccupied OA lockouts for the hot water systems by building. 

Although the plant is typically off at night, the plant schedule is 3:00 ‐ 20:30. Some savings can 

be achieved at buildings with reduced schedules while allowing the plant to provide heat to the 

dorms or other areas of high demand during off‐hours. 

Consider providing thermostat covers at thermostats in public areas. Several thremostats are 

provided with day/auto switches with varying settings (adjustable by library users) and 

variations in day/night setpoints (eg reading room, open to much of library, indicates a 70 F 

setpoint during the night). 

1006 End Use Multiple 

Closed 

Library 

1007 Community 

Involvement 

If bbelow l 42 or 45 F OA 

lockout, radiation is 

enabled. Roughly 2 

months of operation. 

1008 End Use Spahr Provide hot water perimeter radiation or fan‐powered VAVs at the staff work area in Spahr to $ 17,500 (91,000) 21,336 $ 1,445 12.1 8% 8.12 Open 

replace the existing electric heat. 

Convert Spahr pumps P‐4, P‐14 and P‐15 to variable flow. Convert associated AHU piping to 

$ 12,500 - 28,577 $ 2,958 4.2 24% 17.34 Open 

two‐way with electronic actuation. 

Convert chilled water pumps P‐16 and P‐17 serving Waidner to variable flow (currently two‐ 

$ 9,000 - 29,483 $ 3,052 2.9 34% 17.89 Open 

way valves, piping bypass). 

Convert hot water pumps P‐11 and P‐12 serving Waidner to variable flow (currently two‐way 

1011 Distribution Library 

$ 8,500 - 10,716 $ 1,109 7.7 13% 6.51 Open 

valves, piping bypass). 

1012 End Use Library Provide daylighting control at perimeter locations throughout. $ 6,000 (6,719) 5,127 $ 474 12.7 8% 2.76 Open 

Retrofit the few remaining T12 fixtures and incandescent exit lighting at the Spahr lower level 

1013 End Use Spahr 

(near elevator). 

1014 Distribution Waidner Use extended surface area filters at the Waidner AHUs. $ 2,000 - 18,785 $ 744 2.7 37% 11.42 Open 

1015 End Use Waidner Install ll occupancy/vacancy / sensors to control l ffor stack k llighting h at Waidner. d 

$ 2,850 (5,666) 6,147 $ 589 4.8 21% 3.43 Open 

1016 End Use Waidner Install occupancy sensors at the study rooms. $ 400 (164) 146 $ 14 29.2 3% 0.08 Open 

Provide submetering for building energy monitoring, including chilled water energy, heating 

1017 Data Multiple 


energy and potential breakdown of electric use. 

Install aerators to reduce flow at the lavatories to reduce hot water heating energy and water 

1018 End Use Spahr consumption (currently 2.2 gpm). Also consider retrofit kits to reduce flow at the water closets 

(currently 1.6 gpf). 

1009 Distribution Spahr 

1010 Distribution Library 

$ 150 - 329 $ 34 4.4 23% 0.20 Open 

Lavatories indicate 2.2 

gpm. Closed; hot water not 

available to reduce. 

NA NA NA NA NA NA Closed

VAVs not currently tied to 

BAS. Excess pressure 

capacity is currently 

unknown. 


1019 Distribution Waidner 

Implement a static pressure reset for the Waidner AHUs. 

1020 Distribution Spahr Remove the inlet guide vanes at AC‐4 and provide VFD control. $ 6,500 - 28,215 $ 2,920 2.2 45% 17.15 Open 15 HP 

AHUs and perimeter 

radiation remain off during 

the unoccupied mode. Occ 

M-R 8am - 2am. F 8-10; 

Sa10-10; Su10-2am. 

Payback analysis reflects 

savings from hot water 

radiation compared to 

electric (added fan control 

not included). 

$ 74,660 (426,563) 100,015 $ 6,772 11.0 9% 38.13 Open 

Convert Spahr perimeter electric heat to hydronic (baseboard or radiant panel) and install VFDs 

at Spahr units AHU‐1 and AHU‐2. Reduce airflow in the heating mode with proportional/PID 

control relative to zone temperature. Alternatively, implement fan cycling for Spahr units AHU‐ 

1 and AHU‐2 such that the fan remains off (and valves closed) when space temperature and 

CO2 levels are acceptable. Ensure that perimeter heat (once hot water) is the primary stage of 

heating. Savings can be realized through reduced fan and hot water energy consumption in the 

heating months. Comfort control can be improved through extended operation of perimeter 

heat. 

Partially delamp Spahr surface lights at stack areas. Provide individual fixtures supported by 

stacks to be controlled by integral occupancy sensors. 

1021 Distribution Spahr 

$ 211,995 - 112,863 $ 11,682 18.1 6% 68.59 Open 

1022 End Use Spahr 


Review T8 lamp selection. Current lamps observed are 32 W with a CCT of 3000. Investigate 

opportunities for spectrally enhanced lighting using energy saving T8 lamps with a higher 

coordinated color temperature. Also review options for extended lamp life. 

1023 End Use Waidner 

As a further measure, 

consider installing CO2 

sensors to allow airflow 

setback. Savings depend 

on provided sequence and 

airflow setback. 



TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD Open 

Review opportunities to convert constant volume box control to variable volume. 

Review setback opportunities for the collections area heat pump units. Glycol pumps appear to 

operate continuously continuously with unit fans cycling based on on space space conditions. There may be an 

opportunity to set back temperature during unoccupied periods while maintaining temperature 

and humidity within acceptable limits. 

Install a timed light switch for lighting at the storage/stack space of the collections area. 

Currently, lighting appears to remain on. 


This refers to the staff 

area of the collections. 

$ 375 (1,152) 2,686 $ 268 1.4 72% 1.57 Open 


Closed No replacement planned 

Closed 

1027 Distribution Spahr Ventilation systems in the Spahr penthouse are near the end of their useful life. Energy savings 

can be achieved through selection of new systems and associated control methods. 

Investigate opportunities to stagger use and scheduling (perimeter and lighting) of the library 

reading/non‐aisle areas based on actual use, including offices. 


Other sequences such as 

night purge, mixed air 

control of freeze pumps 

may also provide small 

energy savings savings. 

closed Closed 



Consider implementing optimum start/stop sequences for the ventilation systems to operate 

systems without fresh air (applicable to Waidner units without CO2 sensors) and only as 

needed, and review early morning use (currently, the building is scheduled occupied two hours 

prior to building public use). 

Investigate low‐e glazing options to reduce solar heat gain. Alternative options include blinds or 

external shading. 

1031 End Use Multiple Implement a process for sensor calibration (DDC and pneumatic) throughout. NA NA NA NA NA NA Open 

1030 End Use Library

Cost depends on 

scope/frequency and 

savings will vary based on 

conditions found. 

Independent studies of 

payback from first analysis 

typically under half a year. 

$ 4,000 725,000 - $ 6,084 0.7 152% 38.50 Open 

1032 Distribution Multiple 

8" triple duty valves. 

Pumps alternate 

automatically by schedule. 

Implement a process for steam trap service throughout. For future locations, consider 

condensate line temperature sensors to alarm in the event of trap failure. 

1033 Distribution Multiple Implement a process for regular strainer cleaning. NA NA NA NA NA NA Open 

Fully open balance valves at variable speed pumps. Of particular interest are the chilled water 

pumps (50 HP), observed with balance valves at 11.9 and 2.0. Lesser variations were observed $ - - 17,500 $ 1,811 0.0 #DIV/0! 10.63 Open 

at the hot water pumps. 

1035 Distribution Rector Implement a process for heat exchanger cleaning. Closed 

1034 Distribution Rector 

Also consider insulating 

steam traps (excluding 

those that operate solely 

on temperature) 

1036 Distribution Rector $ 4,180 37,464 $ 455 9.2 11% 1.99 Open 

Provide removable insulating jackets for steam gate valves at the mechanical room. 


1037 End Use Rector Review operation of existing systems. See separate 'Cx' list' of identified items. Of particular 

interest are faulty temperature sensors (steam and/or discharge) at the AHUs. 


1038 Distribution Rector Enable steam flow to both heat exchangers to increase heat transfer area. Currently steam is 

disabled from one exchanger although hot water flow remains through both. 

Currently start/stop South 

Bar on a daily basis; 2nd 

brought online roughly 3 

days per week. 

$ 8,500 - 34,809 $ 2,792 3.0 33% 21.15 Open 


$ 1,750 16,122 5,456 $ 700 2.5 40% 4.17 Open 850 cfm; 1.5 MHP 

Use extended surface area filters at the AHUs. 

EF‐13 (noted for room 1229 autoclave) appears to remain in operation regardless of autoclave 

1044 End Use Rector 

operation. 

Provide BMS control of the energy recovery wheels to allow monitoring and control based on 

actual DAT setpoint. All wheels were observed with efficiencies below 30% (reduced speed to 

control for a 52 F wheel leaving air temperature although the AHU DAT setpoints were 60, $ 7,000 2,837,543 71,239 $ 37,139 0.2 531% 193.98 Open 

causing unneccessary steam heat. Note faulty temperature sensors at the units also cause 

improper operation. 

Review energy performance of parallel AHUs operating together as opposed to alternating 

(with static pressure setpoints derated to equal operation of single unit). This may increase 

heat transfer efficiencies and reduce leakage/exfiltration through isolation dampers (leakage 

observed at both north penthouse units into inoperable unit). Note that if one AHU is to 



remain in operation, use air handling unit with the higher efficiency (least input motor 

amperage). Per observation, NB typically operates with one unit during daytime hours and SB 

with both. All units have additional capacity (with sheave adjustment) even when running at 

full speed. 

Investigate opportunities for solar hot water heating. Note that the existing hot water heating 

is in the north bar penthouse below the flat roof. 

1048 Generation Rector Replace the existing domestic hot water heater with a condensing hot water heater. $ 27,000 193,263 - $ 1,876 14.4 7% 10.26 Open 


Closed 

1047 Generation Rector 

$ - 522,420 110,824 $ 15,855 0.0 #DIV/0! 95.09 Open 

AHUs throughout Waidner and Spahr were observed in economizer operation while the radiant 

heating zones at both buildings were active. Consider reviewing applicable setpoints and 

adjusting deadbands to reduce competition for temperature. 

1050 End Use Library

Labs currently use 

dimmable ballasts with 

daylighting control, but 

light levels remain high to 

$ 1,500 (15,435) 11,777 $ 1,089 1.4 73% 6.34 Open 

Optimize daylighting at labs throughout. Reduce daylighting minimum threshold and reduce 

dimming rate to account for sudden changes (clouds). Additional benefits can be realized from 

reducing the occupancy sensor minimum runtime. 


reduce fluctuations. 

Consult vendor prior to 

installation. 

1054 End Use Rector Install improved control (VendingMiser) at the cooled vending machine. $ 200 - 850 $ 88 2.3 44% 0.52 Open 

$ 600 (4,386) 3,310 $ 306 2.0 51% 1.78 Open 

Adjust light level threshold to improve daylighting control at the lobby area. Ensure all required 

circuits are connected. 


Majority of savings will 

also be accounted for in 

lab VOC DCV project. 

$ 60,000 1,051,476 595,026 $ 70,410 0.9 117% 417.44 Open 

Provide occupancy sensors at the labs to reduce airflow and temperature when the spaces are 

not in use. 

Most hoods maintain a minimum flow of 300 ‐ 325 cfm with the sash fully closed. In hood‐ 

driven spaces (during occupied or unoccupied mode), energy savings can be achieved by 

lowering this limit. Note that savings would be increased if the air change rate is reduced (eg 

estimated at at 15 15‐16 16 ACH in in lab lab 2118) 2118). 

Optimize control of AHU‐V‐1. Temperature setpoints controlling the heat plate (dampers) and 

steam do not appear optimized for discharge air temperature control. 


Savings are included 

included in the lab VOC 

project. 



$ 3,500 387,736 9,094 $ 5,008 0.7 143% 26.12 Open 


Includes some cost for 

issue resolution. Savings 

will depend on results of 

commissioning process. 

$ 65,000 1,250,000 150,000 $ 26,015 2.5 40% 157.54 Open 

Lights currently operate 

24/7 

$ 5,500 (23,322) 20,461 $ 1,891 2.9 34% 11.20 Open 

1059 End Use Rector Perform retrocommissioning for building HVAC systems. Many instances of faulty sensors, 

dampers or valves were observed. A review of lab airflows (design and actual) is also 

recommended. 

Corridors are provided with bilevel lighting (alternating fixtures on separate circuits). Control 

higher lighting level through the use of occupancy sensors. 

Provide BAS control of the hot water system. Install zone thermostats to limit pump operation, 

and include scheduling with OA lockouts and hot water OA reset. Include toilet exhaust fans 

and domestic hot water input for curtailment period scheduling. 

Install Danfoss valves at the student rooms to limit waste heat ( (open p windows) ) and excess heat 

at student rooms during the winter. Primary consideration should be given to upper level or 

warmer spaces. 

Both boilers remain hot although boilers appear to be installed with significant redundancy. 

Valve boilers to reduce radiant losses and increased lead boiler energy use through 

unneccessary blending when one boiler is sufficient. 

1060 End Use Adams 

In progress 

In 

progress 

TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD 

1061 Generation Adams 

Feasibility and benefit 

would ld require i review i of f 

existing piping 

configuration. 



Currently uses a 60 F OA 

lockout. Boilers cycle 

monthly. 

$ - 50,744 - $ 493 0.0 #DIV/0! 2.69 Open 


Restroom lighting should 

also be considered at this 

time. Lighting currently 

operates 24/7. 

$ 4,346 (20,990) 18,415 $ 1,702 2.6 39% 10.08 Open 


Retrofit corridor lighting from T12 to T8. 

Not desirable due to warmup 

time required and 

potential component 

Closed 

1067 End Use Adams Utilize window air conditioners with control inputs for occupancy control (improved 

thermostatic control or door/window sensor inputs could also be considered). 

failure. 


installation installation. 

1068 End Use Adams $ 200 - 850 $ 88 2.3 44% 0.52 Open p 

Install improved control (VendingMiser) at the cooled cooled vending machine. machine. 

Also consider occupancy 

control of laundry, vending 

and support areas. 

$ 8,000 (5,461) 12,008 $ 1,190 6.7 15% 7.01 Open 


$ 420 102,027 - $ 991 0.4 236% 5.42 Open 

Install vacancy sensors for dorm room lighting. 

1070 End Use Adams Install dual flush retrofit kits at the water closets (currently 1.6 gpf). NA NA NA NA NA NA Open 

Install low flow aerators at the lavatories to decrease water and natural gas (hot water) 

consumption. 

1071 End Use Adams

$ - 5,800 310 $ 81 0.0 #DIV/0! 0.50 Open 

Closed 

1073 Distribution Adams The domestic hot water recirc pump aquastat is set at 130 F and appears to run continuously. 

Lower limit to reduce pump operation, pipe losses and water heater cycling. 

1074 Generation Adams Replace the existing domestic hot water heater with a condensing hot water heater. $ 20,000 181,094 - $ 1,758 11.4 9% 9.62 Open 

Install condensing boilers to replace current boilers. Note that an existing dual‐fuel boiler 


$ 60,000 219,368 - $ 2,130 28.2 4% 11.65 Open 

should remain in place to retain interruptible gas rates. 

Provide waste drain heat recovery to reclaim heat from the washers and showers (future 


renovation). 

1080 Generation HUB Investigate opportunities for cogeneration or trigeneration. TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD Open 

Project includes automatic 

valves under DDC control. 

$ 4,500 103,322 - $ 867 5.2 19% 5.49 Open 

1081 Distribution HUB 

Isolate the summer boiler to reduce radiant losses when the plant steam system is active. 

2 heat exchangers. 

Savings will vary based on 

ffound d conditions diti and d 

whether locations served 

are driving factors in 

steam distribution 

pressure. 

NA NA NA NA NA NA Closed 


Implement a process for heat exchanger cleaning. 

Also consider insulating 

steam traps (excluding 

thermostatic and 

thermodynamic that 

operate solely on 

temperature) 

$ 2,480 14,658 $ 178 13.9 7% 0.78 Open 


Provide removable insulating jackets for steam gate valves at the mechanical room. 

Currently the summer 

boiler runs until 8pm (only 

runs if heating plant is off). 

Savings will depend on 

available setback duration. 

$ 450 6,599 340 $ 95 4.8 21% 0.56 Open 


Provide time control for the domestic hot water recirc pump to reduce boiler cycling/stack 

losses, line losses and pump operation during unoccupied hours. 

2x15HP; mix mix of two- and 

three-way valves. 

1085 Distribution HUB Provide variable speed control for the hot water pumps. $ 9,000 - 21,242 $ 2,199 4.1 24% 12.91 Open 

serves mail room, writing 

center. 60 ton. Runs to 30 

F. runs 24/7 year-round 

$ 22,500 - 22,990 $ 2,380 9.5 11% 13.97 Open 

Install a water‐side economizer to provide free cooling of chilled water in the cooler months. 

Alternatively, investigate opportunities to cool the air using the MAU intake (currently not in 

operation). This will preheat MAU air and provide cooling for the chilled water loop. 

1086 Generation HUB 

Savings depend on use of 

a minimum fresh air intake 

(damper position). 


1088 End Use HUB Install a CO2 sensor at the basement level associated with AHU‐1 and program a demand 

controlled ventilation sequence. 

2.2, 2.5 gpm at fixturs 

checked 

Separated into multiple 

items. 

1089 End Use HUB Install low flow aerators at the lavatories. $ 120 12,028 - $ 101 1.2 84% 0.64 Open 

1090 End Use HUB Retrofit lower level T12 fixtures with T8 lamps. Closed 

1091 End Use HUB Install eCube temperature sensors at the remaining coolers. Closed 

Project is for seven 

locations; already present 

at two walk-ins). 

$ 1,225 - 8,500 $ 880 1.4 72% 5.17 Open 



whether this building is a 

driving factor of plant 

operation. 

NA NA NA NA NA NA Closed 

Install strip curtains at walk‐in freezers and coolers throughout. 

Program occupied and unoccupied OA lockouts for the hot water pumps. This will allow further 

1093 Distribution HUB setback while the central heating plant maintains unoccupied temperature control for the 

dorms or other areas of higher demand. 

1094 Generation HUB Install a condensing boiler for domestic hot water service. $ 30,000 272,219 - $ 2,643 11.4 9% 14.46 Open 


exfiltration rate, unknown. 


Provide dampers and hot water valve control to isolate basement plenum hot water reheat 

coils to isolate offices outside of office hours. 

1096 End Use HUB

$ 1,250 19,141 - $ 161 7.8 13% 1.02 Open 

Provide scheduling control for the basement perimeter radiation, including separate occupied 

and unoccupied setpoints. Currently the loop uses a stand‐alone thermostat and is active 

whenever the plant is on. 

1097 End Use HUB 


amount of air leakage 

between zones and 

unconditioned spaces. 

1098 Distribution HUB Extend basement supply ductwork to eliminate the need for plenum heating and potential 


leakage of conditioned air to unconditioned spaces or between zones. 

1099 Distribution HUB Install VFDs for control of the chilled water pumps (plant service). $ 9,500 - 29,483 $ 3,052 3.1 32% 17.92 Open 

Provide occupancy sensor control for increased lighting in the bilevel lighting areas of the 


$ 520 (4,266) 3,703 $ 347 1.5 67% 2.02 Open 

basement. Lights appear to remain on throughout the night. 


installation. 

1102 End Use HUB Install improved control (VendingMiser) at the cooled vending machine. $ 200 - 850 $ 88 2.3 44% 0.52 Open 

$ 2,250 - 1,401 $ 145 15.5 6% 0.85 Open 

Install LEDs at the walk‐in coolers and freezers. LED lamps retain excellent efficiency at cold 

temperatures. This will reduce lighting and refrigeration energy. 

Install control control (snow sensor or control via BAS BAS using current weather conditions) for the snow 

melt pump at the service ramp. 

Provide separate building schedules at the BAS. Several areas utilize varying schedules. Eg Bake 

Shop (AHU‐15) closes at noon. 

Improve kitchen hood control. Provide local switch in series with hood on timeclock control 

(5am‐8pm, 7‐day). 

Improve kitchen hood control. Install variable frequency exhaust to control based on cooking 

conditions (smoke, temperature). 


$ 950 102,364 499 $ 911 1.0 96% 5.74 Open 


NA NA NA NA NA NA Closed Already implemented 


Closed Already implemented 


$ 15,000 125,203 5,596 $ 1,630 9.2 11% 10.05 Open 


1108 Generation HUB Provide water‐cooled condensers for walk‐in coolers and freezers. Closed Not desirable per meeting. 


Install dampers at the relief ducts of units AHU‐3, AHU‐7 and AHU‐8. During unoccupied hours, 

these will act as a stack for exfiltration of conditioned air. Note that during occupied hours 

( (with kitchen exhausts on), ), fresh air was entering g through g the relief ducts. 


Note that qualitative 

effects should be 

considered. A VVT system 

will also allow for savings 

through the installation of 

a fan VFD. 

$ 4,600 (26,180) 8,923 $ 704 6.5 15% 4.03 Open 

1110 Procurement HUB 

Disable electric heating coils associated with AHU‐7. Install standalone VVT diffusers (or BAS‐ 

controlled dampers with variable volume sequence). 

$ 200 (3,570) 2,231 $ 201 1.0 100% 1.17 Open 

1111 Distribution HUB Optimize discharge air temperature control at AHU‐7. The unit was in economizer mode for 

free cooling (DAT setpoint of 55 F) although electric reheats appeared to be in operation. 

Savings depends on 

approach selected and 

design parameters. 

$ 25,000 155,808 6,252 $ 1,955 12.8 8% 12.07 Open 

The building appears to be very negative. Review kitchen make‐up air options. There may be an 

opportunity to use building air from other systems to reduce infiltration of outdoor air. If the 

Dining Room AHU OA minimum is to remain at zero and the MAU off, utilize unconditioned 

internal make‐up air (short circuit supply) for partial make‐up. Install side side panels and canopies 

at the hoods to reduce spillage and exhaust requirements. 


Cost and savings will vary 

on method selected. 

Financial estimate shown 

is reflects a programming 

upgrade for hot and cold 

deck temperature resets to 

limit simultaneous heating 

and cooling. 

$ 500 160,000 $ 1,343 0.4 269% 8.50 Open 


Convert AHU‐3, AHU‐4 and AHU‐5 from a hot/cold deck system to VAV. Per checks of AHU‐3 

(100% OA) and AHU‐5, the units were introducing excess air in the economizer mode while the 

hot deck heating valve was open.

1114 End Use Adams Retrofit dorm room lighting from T12 to T8 or T5. $ 10,600 (6,553) 14,409 $ 1,428 7.4 8.41 

1115 Generation HUB Provide energy recovery for the walk‐in coolers and freezers. $ 40,000 601,155 (1,419) $ 4,898 8.2 12% 31.06 

1116 End Use HUB Install CoolerMiser with IR (occupancy) sensor at coolers throughout. $ 750 - 2,750 $ 285 2.6 38% 1.67 Open Four appropriate coolers. 

$ 2,000 96,306 1,756 $ 990 2.0 49% 6.18 Open 

No temperature setback is provided at Rector. Consider programmed temperature and airflow 

setback at spaces with unoccupied hours, such as offices. Circulation areas are also 

recommended (with minimum airflow limit). See associated item regarding lab setback via 

occupancy sensor control. 


This should be 

coordinated with other 

projects (ie hood minimum 

cfm adjustment, occ 

sensors) that will savings. 

Payback assumes hoods 

have been been reduced reduced. 

$ 263,250 1,205,544 964,335 $ 109,928 2.4 42% 650.06 Open 


Provide demand demand controlled controlled ventilation for the the labs through lab VOC sensors. There may be an an 

opportunity to lower occupied and unoccupied airflow minimums to 4/2 ACH. 

NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Tie the Rector hot water and chilled water meters to the BAS for continuous monitoring. 

1119 Data Rector 

$ 8,500 - 18,295 $ 1,894 4.5 22% 11.12 Open 

1120 Distribution HUB Investigate opportunities to tie the campus chilled water system to the HUB chilled water loop. 

Piping appears to be available for both chilled water loops in the room housing AHU‐14. 

Savings are based on 

Adams current difference 

in unit cost only. 

Consolidation should be 

considered based on 

connection of Rush 

campus as opposed to 

Adams only. 

- - $ 3,429 Open 

1121 Procurement Adams 

Tie Adams electric service to the main campus p meter. 

Serves men, women; 2 

stalls each. 

1122 End Use HUB Provide occupancy sensor control for the bathroom exhaust fan. $ 1,600 16,122 1,815 $ 323 5.0 20% 1.96 


Provide schedule control for the two Union Station RTUs which provide auxiliary cooling for the 

space. There is a concern that when primary units are off on time control, the RTUs may be 

indexed on during unoccupied periods. 

Provide monitoring and trending for the kitchen exhaust fans to alarm if fans operate for a 

duration longer than necessary. This may indicate opportunities for operational energy savings 

in the future. 



1124 Data HUB 

$ 2,750 38,216 3,906 $ 725 3.8 26% 4.40 

1125 End Use HUB Provide occupancy sensor control for the exhaust fan serving the theater, make‐up area, 

dressing room and bathrooms. As an alternate, provide this fan with a schedule. 

CO2 control will only 

conserve energy if OA 

minimum is released from 

1126 Distribution HUB Provide VFD and demand controlled ventilation components and sequences for AH‐2 serving 


the dining area area. zero. 

basement corridor: 

1x4':12; circ stairs:20 

T12s; 2'x2' (2 u): 7 

devil's den: 2x4':21; devil's 

den: 2x2' u:10 

bkstore:4' x4lamp fix:60; 

2x4':24 

basement broom:6 lamps, 

4 fixtures 

$ 1,939 (10,094) 7,702 $ 712 2.7 37% 4.14 


Retrofit HUB basement corridor fixtures from T12 to T8. 

1128 End Use HUB Retrofit Devil's Den fixtures from T12 to T8. $ 1,643 (1,497) 2,209 $ 216 7.6 13% 1.26 

1129 End Use HUB Retrofit bookstore fixtures from T12 to T8. $ 5,532 (3,950) 9,826 $ 984 5.6 18% 5.76 

1130 End Use HUB Retrofit basement restroom fixtures from T12 to T8. $ 204 (1,317) 1,005 $ 93 2.2 46% 0.54 

1131 End Use HUB Retrofit laundry room fixtures from T12 to T8. $ 530 (373) 931 $ 93 5.7 18% 0.55 laundry:2x4':10


Provide discharge air temperature reset control based on space polling and return air humidity. 

Ensure VFD ramp speed 

and soft start/stop does 

not shock system. 

Consider implementing 

only at redundant units. 

$ 8,120 - 80,345 $ 8,316 1.0 102% 48.83 Open 



option to be implemented. 


Provide synchronous drives for the Rector AHU fans. 

Investigate temperature control methods for the Lobby (design 4500 cfm) and lecture hall 

(2800 cfm). Consider a separate AHU for these spaces (ducts separated at south penthouse) to 

reduce OA intake and allow fan cycling during the unoccupied mode. Alternatively, consider 

demand controlled ventilation and reheat/damper cycling to reduce the minimum airflow to 

these spaces. 






$ 60,000 950,000 120,000 $ 20,393 2.9 34% 123.38 Open 


RetroCx 





$ 40,000 800,000 65,000 $ 13,441 3.0 34% 81.99 Open 


RetroCx 

Totals $ 1,156,789 10,630,331 2,241,691 $ 330,881 3.5 29% 1,927

PPL Electric Utilities E-power Incentives 

Prescriptive & Custom Project Application 

June 1, 2012 - May 31, 2013 

PPL Electric Utilities is offering rebates on qualifying purchases retroactive to July 1, 2009. 

Some restrictions apply. The rebate may not exceed the total project costs (not including 

internal labor). 

All incentives listed in this application are available through May 31, 2013, and applications 

must be postmarked by June 30, 2013. Incentive applications submitted after the deadline 

may be incented at a different rate, depending on the current program structure. 

Eligibility for E-power Rebates 

• Only PPL Electric Utilities customers may apply for this rebate. 

• Install the equipment where there is an active meter using PPL Electric Utilities 

services. 

• Installation must be complete by May 31, 2013 for incentives listed in this application. 

• Equipment must meet program requirements (specifications). 

How to Participate 

1. Read the Application Checklist to determine what you will need to submit, which includes: 

a. A completed signed incentive application including all inventory worksheets and 

documentation, as appropriate for the equipment installed. 

b. Pre-approval applications are strongly encouraged to reserve funds for all projects 

not yet completed and are required for Custom Incentive Projects and Technical 

Study Applications. 

c. Custom Incentive Project applications for Large Commercial and Industrial 

customers will be placed on a waitlist. Technical Study applications are no longer 

being accepted for Large Commercial and Industrial customers and are not being 

waitlisted. Technical Study pre-approval applications for Small Commercial and 

Industrial customers and Institutional customers will not be accepted after 

December 31, 2011. 

d. An itemized receipt or invoice with the manufacturer, model number and purchase 

price of each qualifying product (for final application only). 

2. Make a copy of all submissions for your own records and mail submission to address 

below. 

3. If you prefer the incentive be sent to someone other than yourself, complete the “Third 

Party Payment Release Authorization” found in the Final Application Agreement Form. 

Your incentive will be sent when all completed project documentation is received and 

verified. 

FINAL APPLICATIONS LACKING PROPER DOCUMENTATION WILL NOT QUALIFY. 

KEMA 

c/o PPL Electric Utilities 

2 North Ninth Street (GENGA2) 

Allentown, PA 18101 

Phone: 1-866-432-5501 

Fax: 1-866-372-3978 

EpowerSolutions@kema.com 

www.pplelectric.com/e-power 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 1

1) Complete pre-approval application checklist before commencing with construction (recommended for 

all projects, required for Custom Incentive and Technical Studies. 

2) Complete final application checklist to initiate final review and payment process. 

3) Complete and submit only the worksheets applicable to the incentive being requested. 

4) Use Excel format from website, if possible and submit electronically. Use PDF format if filling out 

manually and mailing (See page 1 for mailing information). 

PRE-APPROVAL APPLICATION 

FINAL APPLICATION 

CHECKLIST 

CHECKLIST 

Required Attachments for All Projects Required Attachments for All Projects 

Customer/Contractor Information Customer/Contractor Information 

Application Checklist Final Application Agreement Form/Third-Party 

Copy of PPL Electric Utilities Bill Payment Release Authorization 

Itemized Invoices 

For Custom Projects Manufacturer's Specifications (requested) 

Commissioning/Measurement Plan Application Checklist 

Custom Incentive Worksheet 

Incentives Worksheets 

(Check those that apply and complete forms) 

For Custom Projects 

Commissioning/Measurement Report 

Retrofit Lighting* Custom Incentive Worksheet 

New Construction Lighting* TRM Worksheets 

HVAC* 

DHP* Incentives Worksheets 

Insulation 

(Check those that apply and complete forms) 

Refrigeration Retrofit Lighting* 

Appliances New Construction Lighting* 

VSD and Motors* HVAC* 

Custom/Technical Study DHP* 

Insulation 

Refrigeration 

Appliances 

VSD and Motors* 

Custom/Technical Study 

Pre-Approval Application Date: 

Estimated Project Cost: 

Expected Completion Date: 

*These worksheets have additional required 

documentation that show kWh savings. See worksheets 

for details. 

APPLICATION CHECKLIST 


INSTRUCTIONS 

Please complete below if this is a revised submittal. 

REVISED PRE-APPROVAL APPLICATION DATE: 

REVISED FINAL APPLICATION DATE: 

APPLICATION NUMBER (IF KNOWN): 

Final Application Date: 

Final Project Cost: 

Final Completion Date: 

*These worksheets have additional required 

documentation that show kWh savings. See 

worksheets for details. 

Incomplete applications will delay processing and incentive 

payment. 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 2

Project Type: 

Building Information: Total Sq. Ft.: Space Heating Type: 

Building Type (select one) : 

Building Age: 

EDUCATION - PRIMARY SCHOOL LODGING HOTEL (GUEST ROOM) RETAIL - 3 STORY LARGE 

EDUCATION - SECONDARY SCHOOL LODGING MOTEL RETAIL - SINGLE-STORY LARGE 

EDUCATION - COMMUNITY COLLEGE MANUFACTURING - LIGHT RETAIL - SMALL 

EDUCATION - UNIVERSITY MULTI-FAMILY - COMMON AREAS 

LARGE RETAIL/SERVICE OFFICE - LARGE 

GROCERY OFFICE - SMALL 

MEDICAL - HOSPITAL RESTAURANT - SIT DOWN 

MEDICAL - CLINIC RESTAURANT - FAST-FOOD 

Business Type (select one): 

Government (Federal/State/Local) Non-Profit Entity 

Education None of the Above 

Tax Status: 

Sole-Proprietor Non-Profit Government 

Partnership Corporation Religious 

START DATE COMPLETION DATE ESTIMATED TOTAL COST 

NAME OF APPLICANT'S BUSINESS 

NAME AS IT APPEARS ON PPL ELECTRIC UTILITIES BILL PPL ELECTRIC UTILITIES ACCOUNT # 

APPLICANT TAXPAYER ID # (SSN/FEDERAL ID) 

MAILING ADDRESS CITY 

STATE ZIP 

INSTALLATION ADDRESS CITY STATE 

Please indicate the dollar amount of other (non-PPL) rebates you may also be receiving for this purchase. 

This information does not change the amount of your E-power rebate. 

NAME OF CONTACT PERSON - Preferred Contact for Documentation 

CONTACT PHONE # 

NAME OF CONTRACTING COMPANY 

EXT 

CUSTOMER CONTACT 

TITLE OF CONTACT 

CONTACT EMAIL ADDRESS 

NAME OF CONTACT PERSON TITLE OF CONTACT PERSON 

CONTACT PHONE # EXT 

MAILING ADDRESS CITY 

STATE 

CONTRACTOR SIGNATURE 

APPLICATION 

CUSTOMER/CONTRACTOR INFORMATION 


Important: Please read the Terms and Conditions before signing and submitting this application. 

You must complete all information and provide required additional documentation to avoid processing delays. 

CUSTOMER INFORMATION 

New Construction/Whole Building 

Renovation 

CONTACT FAX # 

CONTRACTOR INFORMATION 

CONTACT FAX # 

How did you hear about E-power rebates? 

PPL Bill Insert Store Word of Mouth 

Newspaper PPL Employee Trade Ally 

Online Event Other 

Radio Magazine 

Television Mail 

I understand PPL Electric Utilities reserves the right to audit my rebate application and if requested, I will allow PPL Electric Utilities' representatives reasonable access to verify the 

installation of qualifying product(s) and potentially the removal of older products. I understand PPL Electric Utilities may provide my name and address to PPL Electric Utilities representatives 

to verify this information and I approve sending the rebate to the address I have provided above. 

DATE 

CUSTOMER SIGNATURE (PPL CUSTOMER) DATE 

Retrofit/Equipment Replacement 

STORAGE CONDITIONED 

STORAGE UNCONDITIONED 

WAREHOUSE 

OTHER 

PROJECT NAME (IF APPLICABLE) 

(elec or non-elec) 

CONTACT EMAIL ADDRESS: (Used to send status updates regarding this application and 

additional information about other PPL Programs.) 

$ 

(specify) 

ZIP 

ZIP 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 3

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation (“PPL”) is offering financial incentives under the PPL E-power Program 

to facilitate the implementation of cost-effective energy-efficient measures for commercial, industrial, 

governmental, institutional, and non-profit customers. 

Completed applications will be reviewed in the order received. Applicants who submit incomplete 

applications will be notified of deficiencies upon review of the application, which will be held separately 

until all requested information is received. Applicants are encouraged to call 1-866-432-5501 if they have 

any questions about documentation requirements. Funds are limited and subject to availability. The 

Program and/or its individual components may be extended, modified (including changing incentive 

levels) or terminated without prior notice. 

Program Effective Dates 

The current Program cycle runs from July 1, 2009 through May 31, 2013. The PPL E-power Program 

and incentives are offered under Act 129 and are subject to change. See the E-power website at 

www.pplelectric.com/e-power for Program information. 

Program and Project Eligibility 

The PPL E-power incentives are available for the energy-efficient measures listed in the worksheets 

attached to the application. All customers who receive their electricity via the PPL distribution network 

are eligible to apply for these incentives, regardless of the retail electric supplier from which the 

customer has chosen to purchase electricity. Both small and large multi-family projects also are eligible 

for incentives under this Program and must provide their master meter account information. 

Many projects involving energy savings may be eligible. Incentives are available for both Prescriptive 

and Custom Measures. 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

TERMS AND CONDITIONS 


Prescriptive Measures are energy-efficiency measures with pre-determined savings and incentive levels. 

These measures are listed in the Lighting, HVAC, Refrigeration, and Motors and Drives worksheets of 

the application. 

Custom Measures are those energy-efficiency measures not covered by any other E-power Program, 

rebate, or incentive. Accordingly, projects to implement Custom Measures are considered Custom 

Incentive Projects. Those Projects must be approved by PPL in advance. Incentives are determined on a 

case-by-case basis, and are paid per unit of energy (kWh) saved (up to $500,000 per site or $2 million 

per parent company). Custom projects may not result in an increase in summer peak demand usage. 

Custom Incentive Projects must be cost-effective according to PPL calculations. Projects not eligible to 

be treated as Custom Incentive Projects include those that: 

Receive a rebate/incentive through any other energy efficiency program offered by PPL. 

Produce an electric energy reduction through substitution of another energy source for electricity. 

Merely terminate existing processes, facilities, or operations; or simple control adjustments 

that do not involve external costs. 

Relocate existing processes, facilities, or operations out of PPL service territory. 

Are required by local, state or federal law; building or other codes; or are standard 

industry practices. 

Installation for all Customer Measures must be at the customer’s facility and provide 100% of the energy 

benefits as stated in the application for a period of five years or for the life of the product, whichever is 

less. 

Custom Incentive Project Payment Limits 

Custom Incentives are capped at $500,000 per customer site per year, or $2 million per parent company 

per year for customers with multiple sites. Technical Study Reimbursements are capped at $50,000 or 

100% of the eligible study cost, whichever is less. Technical Study Reimbursement calculations are 

specific to the type of study and can be found on Page 20. Custom Incentive Project payments cannot 

exceed 50% of the customer’s total external, out-of-pocket costs for the project. Customer internal labor 

costs cannot be included in calculating implementation costs as they are ‘sunk’ cost and not incremental 

costs associated with the custom incentive project. 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 4

TERMS AND CONDITIONS (cont'd) 

Application Review Process 

Pre-approval applications are highly recommended for all projects and are required for Retrofit Lighting 

Projects, Custom Incentive Projects and Technical Study Reimbursement Applications. Following review 

of the pre-approval application, which must include all relevant documentation, PPL will respond with a 

funds reservation letter if the project is eligible. The funds reservation letter is not a guarantee of an 

exact dollar amount, but serves as approval for project acceptance. 

Invoices for all associated work must be provided. The project invoice must provide sufficient detail to 

separate the project cost from the cost of other services such as repairs and building code compliance. 

PPL reserves the right to request additional supporting documentation necessary to ensure measure 

eligibility and verify that the expected energy savings will occur. Requested information may include, but 

is not limited to: equipment purchase dates, installation dates, proof that the equipment is operational, 

manufacturer specifications, warranty information, and proof of customer co-payment. PPL will make 

every effort to maintain the confidentiality of customer information except when such information must be 

provided to the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission (PUC) and its contractors, as well as contractors 

engaged by PPL to perform measurement and evaluation. 

Inspections and/or PUC’s Statewide Program Evaluation 

PPL, its agents, Program Evaluation Contractor, and/or the PUC statewide program evaluator have the 

right to audit or inspect all projects to verify the accuracy of project documentation as well as compliance 

with these terms and conditions and the Program rules. This may include pre-installation and/or postinstallation 

inspections, detailed lighting layout descriptions, metering, data collection, interviews, and 

utility bill data analyses. By submitting a completed application, the customer agrees to allow access by 

the entities listed above to project documents and the facility where the measures were installed for a 

period of five years after receipt of incentive payment from PPL. 

Tax Liability 

Incentives may be taxable for most taxpayers. If the incentive is more than $600, it will be reported to the 

IRS and the customer will be provided with an IRS form 1099, unless the customer is exempt. PPL is not 

responsible for any tax liability that may be imposed on any customer as a result of the payment of 

Program incentives. All customers must supply their Federal Taxpayer ID Number to PPL in order to 

receive a Program incentive. Please consult with your tax professional for information on the tax 

treatment of the incentives. 

Warranties/ No Endorsement and Limitation of Liability 

PPL does not endorse, support or recommend any particular manufacturer, contractor, supplier, product, 

measure, or system design in connection with this Program. PPL does not guarantee the specific level of 

energy savings with respect to any product, system design or energy efficiency measure. 

y g ( ) 

PPL makes no representations and provides no warranty or guarantee with respect to: (a) design, 

manufacture, construction, safety performance, or effectiveness of newly installed equipment or (b) the 

work performed by any contractor with respect to the design, manufacture, or installation of any 

measures in connection with this Program, including any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a 

particular purpose. By virtue of participating in this Program, the customer agrees to waive any and all 

claims or damages against PPL except the receipt of any applicable Program incentives. Customer 

agrees that, except with respect to any applicable Third Party Payment Release Authorization, PPL shall 

have no obligations to any third party arising under or related to the Program. 

The customer and its contractor(s) shall be solely responsible for (i) the construction, installation, 

maintenance, and/or operation of the measures, and (ii) any liability or claims arising under or related 

thereto. The Customer and its contractor(s), and not PPL, are responsible for (a) the installation of the 

measure in accordance with any and all laws, standards and codes, and (b) disposing of any equipment 

and materials according to local and state code requirements. 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 5

FINAL APPLICATION AGREEMENT 


In exchange for the receipt of any incentive payments from PPL Electric Utilities Corporation (“PPL”) for which I may be eligible, 

the applicant: 

Certifies that work was completed on this project on or after July 1, 2009. Project documentation, including product specification 

sheets, and copies of dated invoices for the purchase and installation of the measures, are attached. 

Understands that the location or business name on the invoice must be consistent with the application information. The 

applicant agrees to verification, by PPL Corporation or its representatives, of both sales transactions and equipment installation. 

The applicant understands that in no case will PPL pay more than 100% of the total costs of the project. 

Has attached any other documentation requested of it by the program team. The applicant understands that PPL or its 

representatives shall have the right to ask for additional information at any time, and that PPL will make the final determination 

of incentive levels for all projects. 

Certifies that the information on this application is true and correct and that the Taxpayer ID Number and tax status is the 

applicant’s. The applicant understands that incentives over $600 will be reported to the IRS unless the applicant submits 

appropriate exemption documentation. 

Understands that this project must involve a facility improvement that results in improved energy-efficiency and/or a permanent 

reduction in energy usage. The applicant understands that in the event the application was pre-approved and funds were 

reserved based upon the application, such pre-approval or reservation, including the specific dollar amount of reservation, did 

not represent a guarantee that such funds will be paid. Payment of incentives is based upon the final application and program 

terms and conditions, as well as the availability of funds. 

Understands that all materials removed, including lamps and PCB ballasts, must be permanently taken out of service and 

disposed of in accordance with all laws, including local codes and ordinances. The applicant understands it is the applicant’s 

responsibility to be aware of any applicable codes or ordinances and that information about hazardous waste disposal can be 

found at: www.epa.gov/epawaste/hazard/index.htm. 

Understands that it may be recognized as a program participant in promotional materials; however, project details will not be 

released to the public without prior consent. If the applicant chooses to opt-out of any recognition, it will indicate its choice in a 

letter addressed to: E-power Solutions/KEMA, c/o PPL Electric Utilities, 2 North Ninth Street (GENGA2), Allentown, PA 18101, 

or via email to EpowerSolutions@kema.com. 

Understands that PPL does not guarantee the energy savings and does not make any warranties associated with the measures 

eligible for incentives under E-power programs and further, that PPL has no obligations regarding and does not endorse or 

guarantee any claims, promises, work, or equipment made, performed, or furnished by any contractors or equipment vendors 

that sell or install any energy efficiency measures. 

Understands that programs, eligibility requirements and incentives are subject to change. Program information is listed on the Epower 

website at www.pplelectric.com/e-power. 

Understands and agrees to be bound to the terms and conditions herein when submitting any rebate or incentive application to 

PPL and its affiliates or subsidiaries, and further understands that these terms and conditions may be changed at any time 

without prior notice and shall be governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The applicant understands that 

either it or PPL may bring any legal action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this application only in federal courts in 

Eastern Pennsylvania or in the state courts in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. The applicant consents to the exclusive jurisdiction 

of such courts for the purpose of all legal actions and proceeding. The applicant waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, 

any objection that it may now or later have to the laying of venue as provided in this section and any claim that any action or 

proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient form. The applicant knowingly, voluntarily, and 

intentionally waives its right to trial by jury in any action or other legal proceeding arising out of or relation to this application. This 

waiver applies to any action or legal proceeding, whether in agreement, tort, or otherwise. 

Has read, understood and is in compliance with all rules and regulations concerning PPL E-power programs. The applicant 

certifies that all information provided is correct to the best of its knowledge, and gives PPL permission to share the applicant’s 

records with the PUC, and agents, representatives and contractors it selects to manage, coordinate or evaluate the program. 

Additionally, the applicant hereby authorizes PPL to have reasonable access to its property to inspect the installation and 

performance of the equipment and installations that are eligible for incentives under the guidelines of the program. 

Signature required on page with Final Agreement 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 6

CUSTOMER SIGNATURE (PPL Electric Utilities CUSTOMER) 

PRINT NAME 

Authorized by: 

CUSTOMER SIGNATURE (PPL CUSTOMER) 

FINAL APPLICATION AGREEMENT 

I have read and understand the program requirements, measure specifications, and E-power Incentives Terms and Conditions set 

forth in this application and agree to abide by those requirements. Furthermore, I concur that I must meet all eligibility criteria in 

order to be paid under this program. 

TOTAL PROJECT COST 

DATE 

Complete this section ONLY if incentive payment is to be paid to an entity other than the PPL customer listed on the Applicant 

Information page. 

I AM AUTHORIZING THIS REBATE PAYMENT TO THE THIRD PARTY NAMED BELOW AND I UNDERSTAND THAT I WILL NOT BE 

RECEIVING THE REBATE PAYMENT CHECK FROM PPL ELECTRIC UTILITIES. I ALSO UNDERSTAND THAT MY RELEASE OF 

PAYMENT TO THE THIRD PARTY DOES NOT EXEMPT ME FROM THE REBATE REQUIREMENTS OUTLINED IN THE APPLICATION. 

Check should be made payable to: 

PAYEE: COMPANY 


INCENTIVES REQUESTED AGREEMENT 

FOR FINAL APPLICATIONS, SIGN AND SUBMIT ONLY AFTER ALL EQUIPMENT HAS BEEN INSTALLED AND OPERATIONAL. 

A CUSTOMER SIGNATURE IS REQUIRED FOR PAYMENT. SIGNED APPLICATIONS RECEIVED BY FAX OR EMAIL WILL BE 

TREATED THE SAME AS ORIGINAL APPLICATIONS RECEIVED BY MAIL. 

MAILING ADDRESS 1 

CITY 

**TOTAL INCENTIVES REQUESTED 

YOUR PPL ELECTRIC UTILITIES 10-Digit Account #: 

ACTUAL COMPLETION DATE 

THIRD-PARTY PAYMENT RELEASE AUTHORIZATION (OPTIONAL) 

PRINT NAME 

ATTENTION TO: 

STATE 

EMAIL: (Used to send status updates regarding this application and additional information about other PPL Programs.) 

CONTACT PHONE NUMBER 

TAXPAYER ID # (SSN/FEIN OF PAYEE) TAX STATUS Corporation (Inc., PC, Etc.), Tax Exempt, Individual, Other (May receive 1099) 

**Rebate amount will pay the lesser of 1) The calculated incentive as approved and 2) 50% of the total cost of the project for custom measures. 

DATE 

ZIP 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 7

RETROFIT LIGHTING REBATE WORKSHEET 

Note: A PA Lighting Form is required for all Retrofit Lighting projects. The form may be found at pplelectric.com/e-power/resources. 

Call 1-866-432-5501 for assistance. Additionally, a manufacturer’s specification sheet for new fixtures, lamps, 

and/or ballasts is requested. 

Measure Description & Eligibility Criteria Eligible Installation 

T12 to High Performance/Reduced Wattage T8 Fixtures 

The installed lamps and ballasts must qualify for the Consortium for 

Energy Efficiency (CEE) high performance/reduced wattage T8 

specification http://www.cee1.org/com/com-lt/com-lt-specs.pdf. A list 

of qualified lamps and ballasts can be found at: http://www.cee1.org. 

32 Watt T8 Lamps to High Performance/Reduced Wattage T8 Lamps 

The installed lamps must qualify for the Consortium for Energy 

Efficiency (CEE) high performance/reduced wattage T8 specification 

http://www.cee1.org/com/com-lt/com-lt-specs.pdf. A list of qualified 

lamps can be found at: http://www.cee1.org. 

High Bay T5HO Fixtures 

New fixture wattage must be >100 watts. 

High Bay T8 Fixtures 

New fixture wattage must be >100 watts. 

Delamp and Install Reflectors 

Retrofit Fixture with 

New High 

Performance/Reduced 

Wattage T8 

Lamps AND Ballast 

Retrofit T8 Fixture with 

New High 

Performance/Reduced 

Wattage T8 

Lamps 

New T5HO Fluorescent 

Fixture (>100W) 

T5 and T8 Fixtures 

Replace or retrofit existing fixture with same number of new T8 or T5 

lamps and new ballasts. New T8 or T5 Lamps & Ballasts 

Replace or retrofit the existing fluorescent fixture with new T8 or T5 

lamps, electronic ballast and reflector. This measure can be a retrofit 

kit or new fixture. Installed fixture must have fewer lamps or a net (in 

the case of 8 foot lamps) reduction in linear lamp length. 

Common examples: 

2 Lamp U T12 to 2 Lamp 2' T8 w/ reflector = $20 per fixture 

4 Lamp 4' T12 to 3 Lamp 4' T8 w/ reflector = $30 per fixture 





High Pressure Sodium Lighting (HPS) 

HPS lamp wattage must be > 65 watts and < 300 watts. The retrofit 

must replace a Mercury Vapor Lamp. 

Pulse Start or Ceramic Metal Halide 

The qualified fixture may be new pulse start metal halide fixtures or 

retrofit kits that replace probe start fixtures. The retrofit kit must 

include lamp and ballast with fixture. Ballasts may be either electronic 

or magnetic. 

Pulse Start or Ceramic Metal Halide 

The qualified fixture may be new pulse start metal halide fixtures or 

retrofit kits that replace probe start fixtures. The retrofit kit must 

include lamp and ballast with fixture. Ballasts may be either electronic 

or magnetic. 

New T8 Fluorescent 

Fixture (>100W) 

Replace existing fixture with T8 

or T5 fixture with one or more 

lamps removed from the 

original number of lamps. 

Retrofitted fixture must include 

an electronic ballast and 

reflector. Removing lamps 

from a fixture that is not being 

retrofitted with higher 

performance lamps is not 

eligible. 

New High Pressure 

Sodium Fixture 

Retrofit to Pulse Start or 

Ceramic Metal Halide, ≤ 320 

watts 

Retrofit to Pulse Start or 

Ceramic Metal Halide, > 320 

watts 

Quantity Rebate/Unit Total Rebate 

$6.00 

per lamp installed 

$1.00 


$16.00 

per lamp with installation 

of new fixture 

$12.00 

per lamp with installation 

of new fixture 

$4.00 


2' or 3' $10 

lamp, 1 or 

per 2' or 3' 

more 

lamp installed 

lamps 

(max 2 lamps) 

removed 

4' lamp, 

1-4' lamp 

removed 

4' lamp, 

2-4' 

lamps 

removed 

2 lamp 8' 

fixture to 

(2) 4' 

lamps 

installed 

2 lamp 8' 

fixture to 

(3) 4' 

lamps 

installed 

$10 

per 4' lamp 

installed 

$20 

per 4' of lamp 

installed 

$30 

per fixture 

$30 

per fixture 

$40.00 

per fixture 

$25.00 

per fixture 

$50.00 

per fixture 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 8






LED Exit Lighting 

LED exit signs must replace either incandescent or compact 

fluorescent lamps (CFL) exit signs. The installed signs must meet UL- 

924 requirements (listed on product’s packaging) and local fire codes 

or ETL listed. Retrofit kits, that are used to replace the lamps within 

the casing are not eligible – the entire fixture must be replaced. The 

exit sign must have a minimum lifetime of 5 years. 

Light Emitting Diode (LED) Fixtures ≤ 15 W 

New LED Energy Star qualified fixtures or retrofit kits must replace 

incandescent or halogen fixtures. LED lamps do not qualify. 

Residential use only. 

Number of lamps per fixture = 

Number of lamps per fixture = 

lamps 

watts/lamp 

lamps 

watts/lamp 

Retrofit to LED Exit Sign with 

input wattage ≤ 5 watts per 

face 

Cold Cathode Lamps 

Cold cathode lamps may be medium (Edison) or candelabra base. 

Product must be rated for at least 18,000 average life hours. Must be ≥ 2 and ≤ 8 watts 

Non-Residential CFL Pin-Base Fixture 

Must be a new ENERGY STAR® CFL Pin-Based Fixture 

Residential CFL Pin-Base Fixture 

Must be a new ENERGY STAR® CFL Pin-Based Fixture 

CFL Non-Residential Screw-In Bulbs 

The installed bulbs must be new ENERGY STAR® CFL. CFLs cannot 

be stored or inventoried. Lamps must be installed (not stock) to 

qualify. 

The rebate only applies to CFLs that are not currently being 

discounted through PPL EU Residential Retail CFL Program. This 

measure does not apply to new construction applications. 

Must be ENERGY STAR® 

qualified and ≤15 watts 

New ENERGY STAR® CFL 

Pin-Based Fixture 

New ENERGY STAR® CFL 

Pin-Based Fixture 

Replacing existing 

incandescent lamps with 

ENERGY STAR® CFLs 


CFL Qty 

Avg Cost per 

CFL 

$15.00 

per sign 

$15.00 

per fixture or 

retrofit kit 

$3.00 

per lamp 

$30.00 

per fixture 

$5.00 

per fixture 

50% of the cost per bulb 

up to 

$1.50 per CFL 

(not including taxes, 

shipping, and handling) 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 9






Occupancy Sensor 

Eligible occupancy sensors are passive infrared and/or ultrasonic 

wall, ceiling or fixture mounted. Installations must comply with 

manufacturer’s guidelines on coverage and maximum controlled 

watts. This measure may NOT be combined with daylighting controls. 

Occupancy Sensor 

Occupancy Sensor (coupled with Daylighting Controls) 

Eligible occupancy sensors are passive infrared and/or ultrasonic 

wall, ceiling or fixture mounted. Installations must comply with 

manufacturer’s guidelines on coverage and maximum controlled 

watts. 

Occupancy sensor combined 

with daylighting controls. Up to 

$25 per sensor plus $35 for 

daylighting controlled fixture, 

not to exceed cost 

Daylighting Controls 

The controls can be on/off, stepped, or continuous (dimming). The 

on/off controller should turn off artificial lighting when the interior 

luminance meets the desired indoor lighting level. Daylight sensor 

controls must be new and are required to be commissioned in order to 

ensure proper sensor calibration and energy savings. They are 

typically installed in spaces with reasonable amounts of sunlight 

exposure and areas where task lighting is not critical. Installation of daylighting 

controls and sensors. 


Occ Sensor 

Qty 

Avg Cost per 

Sensor 

Occ Sensor 

Qty 

Avg Cost per 

Sensor 

# of 

Controlled 

Watts 

Controlled 

Up to $45 per sensor, 

not to exceed cost 

Up to $25 per sensor, 

plus $35 for daylighting 

controlled fixture, not to 

exceed cost 

$35 

per controlled fixture 

LED Traffic Signals 

LED Traffic Signal 8” Red and Green Lamps shall have a maximum 

LED module wattage of 17. 

$25.00 

LED Traffic Signal 12” Red and Green Rebates are on a per-lamp (not 

for spare lamps) basis 

$30.00 

LED Traffic Signal 8” or 12” Pedestrian 

(including arrows) that retrofit 

an existing incandescent traffic 

$30.00 

LED Traffic Signal 8" Green Arrow signal. Lights must be hardwired, 

with the exception of 

$25.00 

LED Traffic Signal 12" Green Arrow pedestrian hand signals. 

$30.00 

Total Lighting Rebate: 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 10

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

NEW CONSTRUCTION LIGHTING REBATE WORKSHEET 

Lighting Power Density Method 

Under the Lighting Power Density Approach, the lighting power installed is compared with the lighting power allowed by 

code. Rebates are available for systems where the installed lighting power density is lower than the code level by at least 

5%. Savings are based on the Lighting power Density (LPD) calculated on a watts per square foot basis. Baseline lighting 

power density is based on ASHRAE 90.1-2007. Either the "Space-by-Space or "Building Area" method may be used to 

calculate the LPD for the purpose of the incentive. 

The rebate for the lighting performance based approach is $0.35 per watt reduction in connected load below the 

ASHRAE 90.1-2007 standard. The minimum lighting power density used to calculate the rebate shall be no less 

than 5% below the ASHRAE 90.1-2007 value. 

Required Documentation: 

1) PPL Electric Utilities E-power New Construction Lighting Rebate Worksheet (please contact us at 1-866-432-5501 for the 

most current version), or COMcheck Interior Lighting Report or equivalent analysis demonstrating space-by-space or 

building area calculations. 

2) Final electrical plan sheets showing lighting fixture layout, or lighting fixture schedule sheet including fixture counts. 

Requested Documentation: 

1) Manufacturer's specification sheets showing model number and rated fixture wattage. 

This LPD table only includes incentives for lighting system efficiency and does not include the capability to enter time, occupancy, 

daylighting or other controls that may be part of a lighting renovation project. This is because many controls are required by code 

for new construction and are therefore not eligible for incentives. Lighting controls that are not required by code may be applied for 

as a “Custom” project by completing the PA Lighting Form (PA TRM Appendix C) for the fixtures that include the qualifying 

controls, and applying for a “custom” project. 

Building Type 

Example: Sally's Retail Sales 100,000 150,000 

Total New Construction Lighting Rebate: 

Summary Illustration (Optional) 

Occupied 

Area 

(Sq Ft) 

Total 

Allowed Watts 

(Watts) 

Total 

Proposed 

Watts 

(Watts) 

113,533 

Rebate per W 

reduced 

$0.35 

$0.35 

$0.35 

$0.35 

$0.35 

$0.35 

$0.35 

$0.35 

$0.35 

Total Rebate 

$12,763.45 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 11

Room Air Conditioners 

Must be ENERGY STAR® rated. 

11.5 EER, 

3.3 COP 

11.1 EER, 

3.2 COP 

10.0 EER/ 

9.7 IPLV, 

3.2 COP 

ENERGY 

STAR® rated 

Water Cooled and Air-Cooled High Efficiency Chiller 

The chiller must meet both the full load and IPLV performance values for the selected Path as tested according to AHRI 550/590-2003. The chillers must be UL listed 

and use a minimum ozone-depleting refrigerant (e.g., HCFC or HFC). The AHRI net capacity value should be used to determine the chiller tons. Efficiency rating 

requirement for water-cooled chillers is based on unit size. Refer to the Pennsylvania Technical Reference Manual for more details. Prescriptive incentive for chillers 

are for unitary electric chillers serving a single load at the system level or sub-system level. All other chiller applications fall into the Custom incentive program. 

Chiller Type 

Size 

HVAC REBATE WORKSHEET 

Note: Required documentation in addition to this worksheet includes: 

1) An AHRI Certificate indicating the system efficiency (EER, SEER, HSPF, COP, kW/ton-IPLV, COP-IPLV, etc.) 

2) HVAC savings calculation worksheet found at: pplelectric.com/e-power/resources 

A Manufacturer's specification sheet is requested. 

Equipment Type/Eligible Installation 

Air Conditioning Systems and Air Source Heat Pumps 

Size Category 

Qualifying 

Efficiency 

Rebate/ 

Unit 

Units 

New unitary air conditioning units or air source heat pumps that meet or 

exceed the qualifying cooling efficiency shown. They can be either split 

Central AC < 65,000 Btu/h (< 5.4 tons) 16 SEER $100.00 

systems or single package units. Water-cooled systems, evaporative 

coolers, and water source heat pumps do not qualify under this program, 

but may qualify for custom. 

The efficiency of split systems is based on an AHRI reference number. All 

Air-Source Heat Pump, 

< 65,000 Btu/h (< 5.4 tons) 

15 SEER 

16 SEER 

$100.00 

$200.00 

Piece of 

Equipment 

packaged and split system cooling equipment must meet Air Conditioning, 

Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) standards (210/240, 320 or 

340/360), be UL listed, use a minimum ozone-depleting refrigerant (e.g., 

HCFC or HFC). 

11.5 EER 

DX Packaged A/C System, 

> 65,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h 12.0 EER 

(≥ 5.4 tons and < 20 tons) 

$55.00 

$80.00 

For A/C units

7,000 - 10,000 Btu/h 

(≥ 0.583 and < 0.833 tons) 

10,000 - 14,000 Btu/h 

(≥ 0.833 and < 1.167 tons) 

HVAC REBATE WORKSHEET (cont'd) 

PTAC/PTHP 

Package terminal air conditioners and heat pumps are through-the-wall self contained units that are 2 tons (24,000 Btu/h) or less. All sizes must be ENERGY STAR® 

rated. Contact E-power Solutions at 1-866-432-5501 for additional information. 

0 - 7,000 Btu/h 

(≥ 0 and < 0.583 tons) 

≥ 14,000 Btu/h 

(≥ 1.167 tons) 

PTAC (Cooling Only) 

Cooling Capacity Qualifying EER (Replacement) Qualifying EER (New Construction) 

Cooling Capacity 

0 - 7,000 Btu/h 

(≥ 0 and < 0.583 tons) 

7,000 - 10,000 Btu/h 

(≥ 0.583 and < 0.833 tons) 

10,000 - 14,000 Btu/h 

(≥ 0.833 and < 1.167 tons) 

PTAC/PTHP 

Make and 

Model # 

≥ 14,000 Btu/h 

(≥ 1.167 tons) 

Qty 

Total HVAC Rebate: 

Qualifying EER 

(Replacement) 

Rebate per 

Piece of Equipment 

9.9 11.5 $15.00 

9.2 10.9 $20.00 

8.3 10.0 $30.00 

8.0 9.6 $40.00 

Qualifying COP 

(Replacement) 

PTHP (Cooling and Heating) 

Qualifying EER 

(New Construction) 

Qualifying COP 

(New Construction) 

Rebate per 

Piece of Equipment 

9.7 2.8 11.5 3.2 $30.00 

9.1 2.8 10.9 3.1 $40.00 

8.2 2.7 10.0 3.0 

8.4 2.6 9.6 2.9 


(Btu/h) 

Cooling 

Capacity (tons) 

Cooling EER 

Heating Capacity 

(Btu/h) 

Heating 

Capacity 

(tons) 

$60.00 

$80.00 

Heating COP Rebate 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 13

Note: Required documentation in addition to this worksheet includes: 

1) An AHRI Certificate indicating the system efficiency (EER, SEER, HSPF, COP, kW/ton-IPLV, COP-IPLV, etc.) 

2) DHP savings calculation worksheet found at: pplelectric.com/e-power/resources 

A Manufacturer's specification sheet is requested. 

Is natural gas available at your business? Does the new unit replace a gas unit? 


15.0 

8.6 $100.00 

< 64,800 Btu/h (5.4 tons) 17.0 

9.5 

$150.00 

19.0 10.5 $200.00 

Space and/or 

Building Type 

Total HVAC Rebate: 

DUCTLESS MINI-SPLIT HEAT PUMP REBATE WORKSHEET 

Quantity 

Qualifying SEER Qualifying HSPF 

Outdoor Unit (one application per unit) 

Manufacturer Model # AHRI Cert Ref # Size (Tons) Rated SEER Rated HSPF 

Rated Cooling 

Capacity (Btu/h) 

Indoor Unit(s) 

Existing Cooling System 

Type 

Rated Heating Capacity 

(Btu/h) 

Rebate per 

Ton (12,000 Btu/h) 

Existing Heating 

System Type 

Space and/or 

Existing Cooling System 

Existing Heating 

Building Type 

Type 

System Type 

Arena/Auditorium/Convention Center Ductless Heat Pump 

Ductless Heat Pump 

College: Classes/Administrative 

Air-Source Heat Pump 

Electric Resistance 

Convenience Stores Central AC Air-Source Heat Pump 

Dining: Bar Lounge/Leisure 

Room/Window AC 

PTHP 

Dining: Cafeteria / Fast Food 

PTAC 

Electric Furnace 

Dining: Restaurants 

PTHP 

Non Electric Heating Fuel 

Gymnasium/Performing Arts Theatre 

No Cooling 

New Construction 

Hospitals/Health care 

Industrial: 1 Shift/Light Manufacturing 

Industrial: 2 Shift 

Industrial: 3 Shift 

Lodging: Hotels/Motels/Dormitories 

Lodging: Residential 

Multi-Family (Common Areas) 

Museum/Library 

Nursing Homes 

Office: General/Retail 

Office: Medical/Banks 

Parking Garages & Lots 

Penitentiary 

Police/Fire Stations (24 Hr) 

Post Office/Town Hall/Court House 

Religious Buildings/Church 

Retail 

Schools/University 

Warehouses (Not Refrigerated) 

Warehouses (Refrigerated) 

Waste Water Treatment Plant 

New Construction 

No Heat 

Rebate 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 14

Customer must have an electrically conditioned space to qualify. Buildings cooled by chillers are not eligible. New Construction projects are not eligible. 

Electric Space Conditioning Type: 

Heating/Cooling: Cooling Only: 

Air Source Heat Pump Air Source Air Conditioner 

Insulation Type: 

Insulation Type: 

Wall/Ceiling Insulation 

Ceiling Insulation: Must add a minimum of R-11 and meet 

or exceed current ASHRAE code requirement (unless 

physical space restrictions exist). New construction projects 

do not qualify for incentives. 

Blown-in Spray-on Other: 

Batt Rigid Board 

Wall Insulation: Must add a minimum of R-11 and meet or 

exceed current ASHRAE code requirement (unless physical 

space restrictions exist). No incentive for New Construction 

Projects. 

Total Insulation Rebate: 

Blown-in Spray-on Other: 

Batt Rigid Board 

INSULATION REBATE WORKSHEET 

Existing 

R-Value 

New R- 

Value 

Amount 

(per sq ft) 

$0.30 

$0.30 

# of Sq ft 

Installed 

Total Rebate 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 15

High-Efficiency Evaporator Fans - Walk-in Cooler 

Replacement of an existing standard-efficiency shadedpole 

(SP) evaporator fan coil or a Permanent Split 

Capacitor (PSC) in walk-ins. The replacement unit must 

be an Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM). 

High-Efficiency Evaporator Fans - Walk-in Freezer 


(SP) evaporator fan coil or a Permanent Split 

Capacitor (PSC) in walk-ins. The replacement unit must 

be an Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM). 

High-Efficiency Evaporator Fans - Reach-in Cooler 


(SP) evaporator fan motor in refrigerated cooler 

display cases. The replacement unit must be an 

Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM) or Permanent 

Split Capacitor (PSC). (PSC motors for new walk-in 

coolers are not eligible.) 

Replacement of an existing Permanent Split Capacitor 

(PSC) with an Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM). 

High-Efficiency Evaporator Fans - Reach-in Freezer 


(SP) evaporator fan motor in freezer display cases. 

The replacement unit must be an Electronically 

Commutated Motor (ECM) or Permanent Split Capacitor 

(PSC). (PSC motors for new walk-in freezers are not 

eligible.) 

Replacement of an existing Permanent Split Capacitor 

(PSC) with an Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM). 

Anti-Sweat Heating Controls 

Technologies that can turn off anti-sweat heaters based 

on sensing condensation on the inner glass pane (if 

applicable) and frame at low-humidity conditions. Credit 

is based on the total horizontal linear footage of the 

case. 

REFRIGERATION REBATE WORKSHEET 

Measure Name Eligible Installation 

High-Efficiency Display Cases 

High-efficiency display cases incorporate anti-sweat 

controls, high performance evaporative fans, defrost 

control, improved insulation, liquid suction heat 

exchangers, and efficient light systems. 

This is for remote cases only. Deli cases, open-air units, 

custom coolers/freezers and walk-in boxes with reach-in 

doors do not qualify. 

Floating Head Pressure Control 

This rebate is for installing automatic controls to lower 

condensing pressure at lower ambient temperatures in 

multiplex refrigeration systems. Controls installed must 

vary head pressure to adjust condensing temperatures 

in relation to outdoor air temperature and to maintain a 

20ºF variance below design heat pressure during milder 

weather conditions. 

Must replace an existing, open, multi-deck display case with a 

new, ENERGY STAR high-efficiency, reach-in unit with standard 

glass doors with an Electronically Commutated Fan Motor (ECM), 

T-8 lamps and an electronic ballast or LED lighting. 

Quantity Rebate/ 

Unit 

$40.00 

Case Volume = cu ft Unit 

Must have a minimum SCT (Saturated Condensing Temperature) 

programmed for the floating head pressure control of ≤ 70ºF and 

include balanced-port expansion valves* to replace existing 

constant pressure or manually controlled system. 

SP to ECM 

PSC to ECM 

SP to ECM 

PSC to ECM 

SP to ECM 

SP to PSC 

PSC to ECM 

SP to ECM 

SP to PSC 

PSC to ECM 

16W - 36W 

37W - 48W 

> 48W 

16W - 36W 

37W - 48W 

> 48W 

16W - 36W 

37W - 48W 

> 48W 

16W - 36W 

37W - 48W 

> 48W 

< 16W 

16W - 36W 

>36W 

< 16W 

16W - 36W 

>36W 

< 16W 

16W - 36W 

>36W 

< 16W 

16W - 36W 

>36W 

< 16W 

16W - 36W 

>36W 

< 16W 

16W - 36W 

>36W 

Installation of relative humidity sensors for the air outside of the 

display case and controls that reduce or turn off the glass door (if 

applicable) and frame anti-sweat heaters at low-humidity 

conditions. 

Compressor VSD Retrofit 

Redundant or back-up units do not qualify. VSDs on new Installation of variable speed drive (VSD) on commercial and 

equipment are not eligible. The rebate is per controlled industrial refrigeration compressors. 

HP. 

Total Refrigeration Rebate: 

$20.00 

Ton 

$60.00 

$90.00 

$120.00 

$20.00 

$30.00 

$40.00 

$60.00 

$90.00 

$120.00 

$20.00 

$30.00 

$40.00 

$40.00 

$70.00 

$90.00 

$30.00 

$40.00 

$50.00 

$10.00 

$20.00 

$30.00 

$40.00 

$70.00 

$90.00 

$30.00 

$40.00 

$50.00 

$10.00 

$20.00 

$30.00 

$34.00 

Door 

$70.00 

Horsepower 

* The expansion valve is a device used to meter the flow of liquid refrigerant entering the evaporator at a rate that matches the amount of refrigerant being boiled off in the evaporator. 

Total 

Rebate 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 16

Ice Maker 

Measure 

ENERGY STAR® Steam Cookers 

Residential Refrigerator 

Commercial Reach-in Refrigerator 

Installation of replacement units that are ENERGY 

STAR® listed. Cases with remote refrigeration 

systems are not eligible. Their size > 30 cubic feet. 

Total Appliances Rebate: 

APPLIANCES REBATE WORKSHEET 

ENERGY STAR® Qualifying Appliances 

Ice Maker Type: 

Self-Contained: 

Ice-Making Heads: 

Remote Condensing: 

ENERGY STAR® 

ENERGY STAR® 

Volume = 

Eligible Installation 

Installation of ice machines that meet the minimum efficiency 

required for ENERGY STAR® or Consortium for Energy 

Efficiency (CEE) Tier 2. 

Must install three or more pans to qualify. 

ENERGY STAR® 

cu ft 

Quantity Rebate/ 

Unit 

# of Pans 

$115.00 

Unit 

$100.00 

Pan 

$25.00 

Unit 

$70.00 

Unit 

Total 

Rebate 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 17

• Rated motor horsepower ≤ 200 hp and minimum annual operating hours 

• Does not apply to redundant or backup/standby motors that are expected to operate less than 1200 

operating hours per year 

• Does not apply to variable pitch fans unless applicant supplies proof of kWh savings from logged or measured 

data 

• Does not apply to replacement of a multi-speed motor 

• Does not apply to VSDs on new chillers 

• Applies only to VSDs installed with an automatic feedback control technology. Does not apply to systems with manual 

controls or fixed-speed operation unless applicant supplies proof of kWh savings from logged or measured data 

VSD Application 

Chilled Water Pump 

Heating Hot Water Pump 

Condenser Water Pump 

HVAC Fan 

Cooling Tower 

Motor Size 

(HP) 

(A) 

Total VSD Rebate: 

VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES AND MOTORS 

REBATE WORKSHEET 

Variable Speed Drives Qualifications 

Variable Speed Drives (VSDs) which are installed on existing HVAC are eligible for this rebate. The installation of a VSD 

must accompany the permanent removal or disabling of any throttling devices such as inlet vanes, bypass dampers, and 

throttling valves. Other requirements include: 

VSD Application 

Rebate per HP 

$30.00 

$30.00 

$30.00 

$30.00 

$30.00 

VSD Quantity 

(B) 

Rebate per VSD 

(C) 

VSD Rebate 

(A x B x C) 

Efficient Motors Qualifications 

Rebates are offered for three-phase AC induction motors, from 1 to 200 HP, of open drip-proof (open) and totally enclosed 

fan-cooled (closed) classifications. Rewound motors do not qualify. Rebates are based on the motor’s nominal full load 

efficiencies, tested in accordance with IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Standard 112, method B, that 

meet or exceed the CEE Premium (at least one efficiency percentage above NEMA premium) on the Motor Rebates 

Worksheet. CEE eligible motors can be found at: 

http://www.cee1.org/ind/motrs/CEE_MotorsListApril2010a.xls 

The application must include the manufacturer’s performance data sheet that shows motor type, motor horsepower, model 

number, and efficiency rating. 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 18

Note: Must complete a Motor VSD Inventory Worksheet in combination with this application. Motor naming 

convention is ODP/open and TEFC/closed for three phase HVAC motors. Motors purchased prior to December 19, 

2010 may still be eligible for rebates. Call 1-866-432-5501 for more information, or visit 

pplelectric.com/e-power/resources. 

Was a Rewound motor considered and quoted as an option to replacement? 

Horse 

Power 

1 

1.5 

2 

3 

5 

7.5 

10 

15 

20 

25 

30 

40 

50 

60 

75 

100 

125 

150 

200 

Y / N 

Speed Nominal Efficiency Rebate per Motor 

QTY 

in RPM Open Closed Open Closed Open Closed Total 

3600 84.0% 84.0% $25.00 $30.00 

1800 N/A 86.5% N/A $45.00 

1200 N/A 84.0% N/A $45.00 

3600 85.5% 85.5% $45.00 $30.00 

1800 N/A 87.5% N/A $55.00 

1200 87.5% N/A $40.00 N/A 

3600 86.5% 86.5% $30.00 $45.00 

1800 N/A 87.5% N/A $65.00 

1200 88.5% N/A $30.00 N/A 

3600 87.5% 87.5% $30.00 $45.00 

1800 90.2% 90.2% $40.00 $65.00 

1200 89.5% 90.2% $55.00 $80.00 

3600 89.5% 89.5% $40.00 $55.00 

1800 N/A 90.2% N/A $70.00 

1200 90.2% 90.2% $50.00 $115.00 

3600 89.5% 90.2% $115.00 $90.00 

1800 N/A 92.4% N/A $80.00 

1200 91.7% 91.7% $220.00 $170.00 

3600 90.2% 91.0% $55.00 $90.00 

1800 N/A 92.4% N/A $100.00 

1200 92.4% 91.7% $240.00 $200.00 

3600 91.0% 91.7% $115.00 $195.00 

1800 N/A 93.0% N/A $100.00 

1200 92.4% 92.4% $245.00 $230.00 

3600 91.7% 92.4% $120.00 $155.00 

1800 93.6% 93.6% $145.00 $150.00 

1200 93.0% 92.4% $245.00 $325.00 

3600 93.0% 92.4% $155.00 $250.00 

1800 94.1% N/A $155.00 N/A 

1200 93.6% N/A $150.00 N/A 

3600 93.6% 92.4% $175.00 $250.00 

1800 N/A 94.1% N/A $250.00 

1200 94.1% 93.6% $150.00 $320.00 

3600 93.6% 93.0% $150.00 $265.00 

1800 94.5% 94.5% $220.00 $275.00 

1200 94.5% 94.5% $240.00 $480.00 

3600 93.6% 93.6% $145.00 $390.00 

1800 95.0% 95.0% $130.00 $375.00 

1200 94.5% 94.5% $240.00 $530.00 

3600 94.1% 94.1% $155.00 $390.00 

1800 95.4% N/A $255.00 N/A 

1200 95.0% 95.0% $280.00 $565.00 

3600 94.1% 94.5% $490.00 $480.00 

1800 95.4% N/A $320.00 N/A 

1200 95.0% 95.0% $280.00 $720.00 

3600 94.5% 94.5% $490.00 $870.00 

1800 N/A 95.8% N/A $805.00 

1200 95.4% 95.4% $395.00 $1,250.00 

3600 94.5% 95.4% $445.00 $595.00 

1800 95.8% 95.8% $500.00 $875.00 

1200 95.4% 95.4% $470.00 $780.00 

3600 94.5% 95.8% $330.00 $750.00 

1800 96.2% 96.2% $315.00 $1,050.00 

1200 95.8% 96.2% $625.00 $1,465.00 

3600 95.4% 95.8% $625.00 $875.00 

1800 96.2% 96.5% $540.00 $905.00 

1200 95.8% N/A $980.00 N/A 

Total Motor Rebate: 

VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES AND MOTORS 

REBATE WORKSHEET 

Efficient Motors — Minimum Qualifying Efficiencies 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 19

Submittal Requirements for Custom Projects 

1. Submit Custom Incentive Measure Worksheet with a detailed description of the project, commissioning plan, measurement plan (if 

applicable), and calculation of savings estimate. THE SUBMITTAL MUST BE APPROVED TO BE CONSIDERED FOR AN 

INCENTIVE. 

2. Install Measures, commission project, and have savings verified. 

3. Submit final application with required project documentation. 

4. Large Commercial and Industrial projects will be placed on a waitlist as of June 1, 2011. 

Instructions for Energy Savings Calculations for Custom Projects 

Custom Project Incentives are based on first year kWh savings that result from efficiency improvements for the first 12 months following 

installation. The peak demand savings should also be estimated. The peak period is defined by the Pennsylvania Public Utility 

Commission as the 100 hours of highest demand between June 8 and September 10 and between 12:00 and 20:00 hours. If a measure is 

covered under the Efficient Equipment rebates (prescriptive Measures) and does not qualify for the prescriptive rebate, it can not be 

applied for as a custom project. 

Energy Savings Calculations 

Provide calculations documenting the predicted energy consumption of the existing (or baseline) and proposed system using appropriate 

analytical tools and clearly stated assumptions. All analysis should be provided in electronic format. All assumptions such as operating 

hours, efficiencies, existing and proposed equipment operational details must be presented. Engineering algorithms and procedures from 

recognized technical organizations such as ASHRAE, SMACNA, ANSI, etc. must be used. Use rated performance factors tested under 

accepted procedures specified by recognized rating agencies such as AHRI, ANSI, ASTM, etc. Provide an explanation when equipment 

performance rating conditions vary from standard conditions. 

In support of the calculations, extensive documentation must be provided that provides the basis for the savings estimates. The 

documentation must provide information on the equipment operating schedule, daily and seasonal load profile, and baseline AND energy 

efficient equipment performance at the operating loads. Typical documentation for custom projects often includes but is not limited to: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

CUSTOM INCENTIVE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS 

All Custom Incentive Projects require a pre-approval application. 

Baseline/existing and proposed equipment make and model number including operating voltage and rated full load amps. 

Existing equipment condition and age 

Engineering or architectural drawings and “equipment schedule” sheets 

Component specification sheets that include part load efficiency or performance factors 

Spreadsheet calculations or input/output files and results from system modeling or other engineering analysis using accepted 

engineering algorithms and practices 

Log sheets, trend logs from a building management system, or other operating documentation that are often necessary to document 

operating hours and equipment loading, and used as a basis for the calculations (in some cases, short term monitoring may be 

required to document the load profile) 

Control sequence of operations that are necessary where controls play a part in the savings equation 

Additional documentation, other than that described in the application, may be required for program participation. Projects may also require 

pre- and post-project sub metering, or monitoring of loads and/or power input as part of another measurement and verification activity to 

demonstrate the actual energy savings. 

Baseline for Custom Analysis 

Where equipment is replaced prior to the end of its rated service life in order to achieve energy savings, the existing equipment 

performance may be used as the baseline in the energy savings calculations. Where equipment is replaced due to failure, or when it is 

determined to be at or near the end of its rated service life or for other reasons (such as obsolescence or a need for more capacity), the 

baseline performance used in the savings calculation should be either the minimum performance that would be required by code for that 

equipment type and application (where a code applies) or the performance of the equipment that would have been selected as the 

customer's "standard practice" when a code does not apply. 

Commissioning and Measurement Plan 

The purpose of the Commissioning and Measurement Plan document is to identify the process for each of the projects to ensure proper 

quantitative demonstration of performance. 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 20

Rebate Levels First Year kWh Savings $0.10/first year kWh 

Custom Rebate Caps 

(per year) 

% of Total Project Cost 

Per Site 

Per Parent Company 

50% 

$500,000 

$2,000,000 

Item 1 

Before Retrofit 

System Description 

After Retrofit 

kWh Savings 

$0.10 

Item 2 




Item 3 




Item 4 




Total Custom Project Cost: 

Total Custom Rebates: 

CUSTOM INCENTIVE WORKSHEET 

All custom applications require a pre-approval application. 

Please attach supporting documentation. 

Prior to submitting application, please contact the program staff. 

epowersolutions@kema.com 

1-866-432-5501 

Measure Cost* 

Annual Oper. Hrs 

kWh Savings 

Measure Cost* 


kWh Savings 

Measure Cost* 


kWh Savings 

Measure Cost* 


$/kWh 

$0.10 

$/kWh 

$0.10 

$/kWh 

$0.10 

$/kWh 

Subtotal 

Subtotal 

Subtotal 

Subtotal 

* Measure Cost is the cost to implement rebated efficiency measures less all costs incurred to achieve other project benefits. The Measure Cost 

may be the increment required to deliver an efficiency improvement over the base case efficiency. In-house labor is not considered part of project 

cost, only out-of pocket expenses are eligible. 

Rev 08/03/12 

Page 21

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