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(2) While historical sociology (HS) has declined in the UK, its position in the United States is much more secure. (FPa8) The authors use the pattern “general – specific” as Step 1c to draw the readers’ attention to the issue of the research. McCarthy (1991) argues that it begins with the introduction of general statements, continues with detailed descriptions or specific statements and finishes with the repetition of the general statement. The difference with our pattern is that the general statement is not repeated. This is justified because Background represents the first move. Therefore, the topic cannot be finished with the general statement. Moves Table 1 – Moves and Steps and their Frequency 1. BACKGROUND: Step 1: Topic - centrality: a. by interest or topic prominence or b. by comparing or contrasting or c. by using the pattern “general – specific” or d. by indicating a gap in the previous research or e. by using contradictory statements Step 2: Stating Key Characteristics 82 Frequency Social policy Foreign policy Election policy 50.00% 50.00% 56.25% 2. INTRODUCING PURPOSE: Step 1: Describing the Present Research Step 2: Indicating Aim/Purpose Step 3: Question-Raising Step 4: Filling a Gap in the Previous Research 100.00% 87.50% 100.00% 3. DESCRIBING METHODOLOGY: Step 1: The Method of Conducting the Research Step 2: The Method of Data Analysis Step 3: Materials and Data 81.25% 62.50% 93.75% 4. SUMMARISING RESULTS 93.75% 93.75% 81.25% 5. PRESENTING CONCLUSIONS: Step 1: Explicit Announcements of Conclusion Step 2: Interpretation of Results Step 3: Recommendations and Suggestions 93.75% 50.00% 62.50% 6. KEY WORDS 50.00% 50.00% - (3) (general statement) Voters use observed economic performance to infer the competence of incumbent politicians. (specific statement 1) These economic perceptions enter the voter's utility calculations modified by a weight that is minimized when the variance in exogenous shocks to the economy is very large relative to the variance in economic outcomes associated with the competence of
politicians. (specific statement 2) Cross-national variations in the political and economic context systematically increase or undermine the voter's ability to ascertain the competency of incumbents. (EPb6) Step 1d is exploited in situations when the authors’ aim is to indicate a gap in the previous research, which is accomplished by the use of the negative quantifier little with the nouns attention, effort, negative verb phrases such as have not yet settled and prepositional phrases as without any explanation. (4) In the debate on ‘flexicurity’, relatively little attention has been paid to how responsive traditional areas of social security have been to increasing flexibility in the labour market. (SPa7) Move Background includes Step 1e - using contradictory statements, which, as its name suggests, points to the exploitation of the sentences contradictory to the previous ones. It is signalled by the use of discourse markers however, but and the adjective contradictory. (5) Political parties are active when citizens choose among candidates in elections and when winning candidates choose among policy alternatives in government. But the inextricably linked institutions, incentives, and behaviour that determine these multistage choices are substantively complex and analytically unwieldy, particularly if modelled explicitly and considered in total, from citizen preferences through government outcomes. (EPb4) The second step within Background move is Stating Key Characteristics, referring to the key characteristics of a topic. It appears in only the social policy corpus, meaning that it is optional. Step 2 is characterised by the use of the verb highlight and the noun phrase a number of issues, such as in the following example: (6) The study of EU social policy highlights a number of issues especially well, among them the unfolding institutionalisation of a social field in EU politics and policy, and the changing nature of economic and social governance in Europe. (SPa1) Introducing purpose is an obligatory move in the structure of the corpus from all three fields (see Table 1). It consists of four steps relating to the authors’ intentions, problems or subjects of the research, theses, hypotheses, purpose, objective or goal which the authors present in different ways. They provide a description of their present research, indicate aim or purpose, raise certain questions and fill a gap in the previous research. The analysis has demonstrated that Step 1 is dominant in social, election and foreign policy. Step 4: Filling a Gap in the Previous Research has not been found only in the field of election policy with the reason that the same corpus does not include Step 1d – indicating a gap in the previous research within Move 1 - Background, which is supposed to be filled in Move 2 - Introducing Purpose. Step 1 – Describing the Present Research is most frequently signalled by the use of the determiners the / this with the inanimate nouns article, study and paper (see ex. 7). Apart from the inanimate subject, the authors tend to use the animate subject as well, 83
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JOURNAL OF LINGUISTIC STUDIES 1
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EDITORIAL BOARD EDITOR Assist. Prof
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FOREWORD The sixth issue of the Jou
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3. RESULTATS Les verbes introducteu
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« J'ai soif, oh! j'ai soif! grogna
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« Je l’ai cru, admet Morpion [
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REFERENCES Actualités en Afrique.
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…it is a little disappointing to
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29.28% 5.82% 20 64.89% Figure 1. Di
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a) majority of computers run operat
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Pešikan, M. (1970). Naš književn
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apply in the case of text as in the
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9. DISCUSSION In the previous secti
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factors. Stoichiţoiu (2001) claims
Page 32 and 33: - bodyguard / badigard (DOOM 2005):
Page 34 and 35: CONCLUSION The insufficient degree
Page 36 and 37: especially treated as errors to cor
Page 38 and 39: introduce the target language cultu
Page 40 and 41: REFERENCES Birdsong, D. (2006). Age
Page 42 and 43: Studiums zu verschwinden. Diese Ten
Page 44 and 45: Wenn von Internalisierung der Facht
Page 46 and 47: Crnić-Grotić: Besonderheiten des
Page 48 and 49: dreidimensional» genannt, weil die
Page 50 and 51: Kommunikativen Ansatzes zur Vermitt
Page 52 and 53: judges. English for lawyers was stu
Page 54 and 55: merely an opportunity to discuss an
Page 56 and 57: Hall, D. & Hewings, A. (2000). Inno
Page 58 and 59: sociolinguistic character, they lar
Page 60 and 61: which actually have nothing in comm
Page 62 and 63: …We have also boosted the growth
Page 64 and 65: 4. Kuna, Branko: Nove pojave u jezi
Page 66 and 67: horizons. The student should be enc
Page 68 and 69: consuming. As stated above, the tea
Page 70 and 71: 2. MATERIAL AND METHODS The analysi
Page 72 and 73: interview (except while closing the
Page 74 and 75: (CBS, 60 Minutes, IR: Scott Pelley,
Page 76 and 77: context is precisely defined at the
Page 78 and 79: whereas its realisation in the Amer
Page 80 and 81: egularities in the organisation of
Page 84 and 85: expressed in the forms of first per
Page 86 and 87: (22) This article is the first in-d
Page 88 and 89: Further research could be carried o
Page 90 and 91: THE WORDLISTS PROJECT: AN EXAMPLE O
Page 93 and 94: CONTRIBUTORS’ BIO DATA Azamat AKB
Page 95: Jasna VUJCIĆ has an MA in Linguist
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