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Europe-based manufacturers were concerned, which resulted in a large-scale investigation by the European Community (EC) that was instigated by the Europrint Group. In March 1987, the EC Antidumping Committee initiated an informationgathering process for analyzing the intricacies of the complex path from manufacturers to end users. The EC's objective was to raise the prices of Japanese dot matrix printers and to allow European manufacturers breathing room so that they could become more competitive, but the EC did not anticipate the 13 new Japanese printer production plants in Europe. These plants were set up to avoid the high tariff on imported printers. In 1988, the EC imposed import tariffs on the majority of imported printers from Japan. The companies that received maximum tariff penalties of 33.4 percent accounted for more than 50 percent of the printer market share in 1987. This resulted in more than $500 million in import tariffs from sales of more than $1.6 billion. To make sure that end-user prices reflected the import tariffs, the EC produced a new regulation, 2423/88, which compelled Japanese manufacturers to apply the tariff on imports sold at the first European point of sale. The idea behind the rule was to prevent manufacturers from spreading import tariffs over a wider range of products or to recover tariffs from the more expensive models. The EC, after finalizing an investigation into local content for photocopiers, started a similar investigation into the printer industry in 1988. DATAQUEST SURVEY OF JAPANESE PRINTER MANUFACTURERS In 1987, there was only one Japanese printer manufacturing plant in Europe—that of Canon in France. By 1988, there were 14. More than 70 percent of total investment was situated in the United Kingdom. Table 1 lists the most important factors cited by manufacturers in deciding where to locate. Table 1 Factors in Choosing Locations Most Important Less Important Local government grants Wage cost Communication Skilled labor Language Overall cost Component sourcing Source; Dataguest October 1989 © 1989 Dataquest Incorporated October ESAM Newsletter
As indicated in Table 1, sourcing of components is considered very important. The major problems currently encountered in local sourcing are that of quality, price, and delivery. The companies surveyed estimated that it would take them 12 months to reach 40 percent local content, 18 months to reach 50 percent, and 24 months to reach 60 percent. What is apparent is that most companies are determined to source more thain the required minimum of 40 percent local content- As the printer manufacturing industry in Europe begins to mature, we expect an infrastructure comparable to that of Japan to emerge. Until then, most of these semiconductor components probably will be sourced from Japan. Fujitsu's announcement that it will locate its semiconductor fab in the United Kingdom is just the beginning of a potential wave of investment by Japanese component suppliers and printed circuit board (PCB) assembly subcontractors in Europe. Major Printer Components The main components of a printer are the printheads, PCB with electronic components, and specialized mechanical subassemblies. Dataquest believes that although the 40 percent content rule can easily be met without PCB, some Japanese plants have started inclusion of subcontract to local PCB assembly houses. These PCB boards can then be counted as local content as they are invoiced in local currencies. The majority of semiconductor components on the PCB still are sourced from Japanese vendors because most of the value is added via ASICs that are designed in Japan and sourced from either an in-house semiconductor supplier or an appropriate merchant supplier. Table 2 shows the major semiconductor components used in three types of printers. Table 2 Major Semiconductor Printer Components Serial Dot Matrix Printer Quantity Components 1 Serial EEPROM and small RAM buffer 1 128-Kbit EPROM 1 8155 8-bit parallel port 1 8-bit controller with 128-Kbit EPROM and four 8-bit A/D converters 1 Printhead electronics with 9 Darlington pairs delivering up to 2 amps and 24 pulsed volts 10 Standard TTL Estimated total semiconductor value = $18.10 ESAM Newsletter © 1939 Dataquest Incorporated October (Continued)
Page 1: European Semiconductor Application
Page 4 and 5: Dataquest a company of The Dun& Bra
Page 6 and 7: i EUROPEAN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCUREMEN
Page 10 and 11: Table 2 (Continued) Major Semicondu
Page 12 and 13: Page Printers Page printers are com
Page 14 and 15: PRINTER INDUSTRY DEFINITIONS APPEND
Page 16 and 17: TABLE 1 Benefits from Electronic Fu
Page 18 and 19: TABLE 3 Key Electronic Electricity
Page 20 and 21: DataQuest aaMTipanyof ThcDunSTBrads
Page 22 and 23: ESAM 0002383 Parcemoea 100% f Figur
Page 24 and 25: Which Computer? The computers purch
Page 26 and 27: Atari, which became the number one
Page 28 and 29: However, although there can be litt
Page 30 and 31: DATAQUEST CONCLUSIONS The assertion
Page 32 and 33: 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0004613
Page 34 and 35: COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT IN THE UNIT
Page 36 and 37: However, having overcome the techni
Page 38 and 39: 0004614-1 Figure 1 Cell-Repeat Patt
Page 40 and 41: Registration Within the system, a n
Page 42 and 43: i^M$M:M DataQuest accmipanyof ihe D
Page 44 and 45: 30 minutes to 600 minutes by 1995.
Page 46 and 47: "Think Global—Act Global" Jose Me
Page 48 and 49: "Telecommunications Technologies fo
Page 50 and 51: Mv^-y5t5;fsi ^ci Research DataQuest
Page 52 and 53: Figure 2 Difference between Semicon
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Figure 8 Difference between Semicon
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Dataquest anticipates an era of gre
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fflOH GROWTH RATE ATTRACTS MANY NEW
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* Average selling prices (ASPs) wil
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DATAQUEST CONCLUSIONS The rapid ini
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Experienced disk drive producers we
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The Japanese may well make further
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CORDLESS STANDARDS CT2 cordless tec
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CT2's strengths reside in its appli
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The Upside Scenario Figure 1 shows
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Table 2 Estimated Semiconductor Con
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DATAQUEST CONCLUSIONS CT2's main ap
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The present ISA, or AT bus, is not
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MCA MCA Delivery Time IBM has been
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EISA Consortium Dataquest believes
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Dataquest Conference Schedule 1989
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Background The UNIX penetration int
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Figure 3 European UNIX Computer Shi
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1987 Total $22.4 Billion Figure 5 U
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DATAQUEST ANALYSIS The issue of UNI
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• Small department computers (SDC
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DataQuest Conference Schedule 1989
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8086/88 286 386 Non-compatible NA =
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ANALYSIS OF SEMICONDUCTOR CONTENT T
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FUTURE TRENDS The advent of markets
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Benelux France Italy Scandinavia U.
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Italy The Italian market exhibited
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The Rest of Europe market is expect
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Intel and National Semiconductor ha
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Dataquest believes that continuing
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Table 2 Estimated Semiconductor Con
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Production in Europe Dataquest esti
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Dataquest Conference Schedule 1989
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THE STANDARDS: MAC VERSUS MUSE Euro
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DATAQUEST ANALYSIS Evolution of MAC
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Year Table 1 Estimated IC Value by
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In addition to the $217 million mar
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TOO MANY HURDLES? The promise that
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Millions of Dollars 150 140 120 100
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Dataqyesl I aoHTiparTvof The Di in
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Figure 1 shows how the ISDN fits to
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ISDN IC FUNCTIONS Table 1 Bus Forma
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Figure 3 ISDN Semiconductor Demand
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PTT (P
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fe- Dataoyest OMporatnn Research Ne
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Air Conditioners Microwave Ovens Wa
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Bosch-Siemens has four plants in Ge
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DataQuest t acompAiwcf The E^inK^sd
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What, I hear you ask, gives me the
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The 1980s have brought us to Phase
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What I would like to do now is to e
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(Slide 22) This necessary adjustmen
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procurement, to eventual export of
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(Slide 1) (Slide 2) 1992: HAS EUROP
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(Slide 5) (Slide 6) 1992 IMPACT •
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(Slide 9) (Slide 10) EUROPEAN SEMIC
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(Slide 13) (Slide 14) EUROPEAN COMP
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(Slide 17) EUROPEAN END-USE VENDOR
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(Slide 21) (Slide 22) Europe Other
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(Slide 25) (Slide 26) rtnu stack ST
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(Slide 29) (Slide 30) SUPPLIER/CUST
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(Slide 33) (Slide 34) EUROPEAN ELEC
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(Slide 37) THE 1992 CHALLENGE HIGH
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Millions of Units 12- 10- 8- 6- 4-
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Most of the Japanese firms are quit
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Western Europe North America Rest o
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Local Content In June 1987, the EEC
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Activity Factory Set Up Change Expo
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All this activity is of great inter
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Table 2 European Facsimile Market S
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Color Facsimile Machines The Japane
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Productivity Race The facsimile out
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mm Dataoyest aconwanyof The Diin& B
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Figure 2 Geographic Distributi
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Table 3 Semiconductor Inventories R
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heavily used over their European co
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Dataqyest acomranyof ihcDSnlTBradsb
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DATAQUEST ANALYSIS Prior to the int
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NOKIA As shown in Figure 1, the Nok
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Net sales from this division for th
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^m DataQuest a company of TneDun& B
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Country West Germany France United
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• Road map directories in automob
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Table 1 EUROPEAN COM^aJNICATIONS EQ
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Application Telex Teletex Videotex
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Dataquest a company of The Dun & Br
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Research Depth of research includes
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Table 3 EUROPEAN INPUT/OUTPUT RATIO
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Dataoyest k^ i m a company of ^ W D
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for mag stripe technology were adop
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financial community today, without
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•'95% Figure 1 MANUFACTURING AUT(
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standards to serve the Italian mark
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In an alliance with EMUG, 30 French
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In spite of these bright spots, Dat
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m^m Dataquesl T^^Suj-iA^^'-fT'i^v f
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Figure 2 Revenue by Region Source:
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Strategic Changes Figure 4 Worldwid
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Terminals Figure 5 Pyramid of Produ
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The Nixdorf 8850 Figure 6 Communica
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The Nixdorf 8870 The 8870 product f
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Figure 7 PHOTO OF PWS-X Source: Nix
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Communication between Nixdorf produ
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The business orientation continues
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Nixdorf intends to exploit the stre
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s^^^s-^f ^^^li^^^^^ DataQuest acomp
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Type of Deflktoo DevicB Display Ter
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INSTALLED BASE OF DESKTOP TERMINALS
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Word Processors Shipments of standa
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:oo« 80% 60% - 40% 20% Figures Eur
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Dataquest expects that by 1991, the
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Appendix A DEFINITIONS OF KEYBOARD
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Appendix B CONNECTION TECHNOLOGIES
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Manufacturer APD Apple Apricot Bull
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of computer graphics and storage su
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