ดาวน์โหลด All Proceeding - AS Nida

235
การประชุมวิชาการดานการวิจัยดําเนินงานแหงชาติ ประจําป 2554
วันที่
8-9 กันยายน 2554 ณ โรงแรม เอส ดี อเวนิว กรุงเทพฯ
Process Improvement by Using FMEA and AHP at Dyeing Section in the Sample Factory
Prachuab Klomjit 1 and Thanitpol Juntasom 2
1, 2 Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Faculty of Engineering And Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University
A. Meuang, Nakornpathom 73000
Phone /Fax : 034-219-362 E-mail: 1 prachuab@su.ac.th, 2 tanitpols_@hotmail.com
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to decrease the proportion of
all problems from the process in dyeing by applying the Failure Mode
Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) at a
sample textile factory, where fabric manufacturing was its main
activity. The factory has problems of poor quality dyed fabrics: 7.49%
of the fabrics had to be mended because they were stain, crease and
washing. The processes of fabrics were studied. Then, brainstorming
was performed to find causes and results of fabrics’ poor quality. A
cause and effect diagram was presented, followed by the FMEA for the
production processes and an AHP for decision-making. These
techniques were employed to find significant causes related to problems
of production processes in order to find preventive measures for the
mentioned problems. Production process improvement was evaluated
using techniques of linear regression and correlation. Results were the
percentage of mended fabrics of the factory that was reduced from
7.49% to 4.76%, (target 5%). The improvement of the process was
decreased waste from 11,440 kilograms to 77,160 kilograms, saving
approximately 915,200 baht. Moreover, the percentage of quality
improved up to 95% and achieved the target.
Keywords: Failure Mode Effects Analysis / Analytic Hierarchy Process /
Textile / Dyeing / Process Improvement
1. Introduction
At the present, the competition has become increasingly
violence in various sectors. So manufacturers need to improve the
quality of their product, use existing resources to achieve maximum
efficiency, reduce the costs of production and delivery to customers on
time. To make the customers confidence in their products and services,
if manufacturers are able to maintain such as the properties of products
and services, the manufacturers will be able to compete in the global
arena. So that, each company has the quality indicators to evaluate the
ability of their company, which is most often used as the quality goals
and it can be compared to their competitors.
2 Purpose
2.1 To make the decisions for improvement by used Failure
Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA and Analytic Hierarchy Process:
AHP
2.2 To reduce the amount of rework at dyeing process more
than 20 percent down from the original value.
3. Method
The study started by determining the causes of quality
problems at the dyeing process. This process is important in the
analysis system that should find the real cause of the problem. So, it is
necessary to choose the right tool to find the relationship between cause
and effect that have a direct impact on the process or not. This process
will analyze the problem using a stain chart, cause and effect diagram to
determine the cause of the raw material, machinery, employees and the
method. Thus, this research study was divided into three parts.
Part 1: To find the main factors that affected the quality of
the initial distribution. The study based on analysis technique of the
defects and their effects (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA).
Part 2: To analyze the problems and solution without bias by
the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). (The relation of the factors that
affects the quality of the process)