Review of the Food-borne Zoonoses Research ... - ARCHIVE: Defra

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Project code: OZ0712 Project title: Escherichia coli O157 interventions and control Start date (dd/mm/yy): 01/04/2003 End date (dd/mm/yy): 30/09/2006 £503,523 Total cost: Affiliation: SAC Sub-contractor(s): University of Edinburgh Abstract of research BioSS Verocytotoxin producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) serotype O157:H7 is a significant infectious intestinal disease pathogen that can cause a severe and potentially fatal illness in humans. The main reservoir of E. coli O157 is the gastrointestinal tract of cattle, and the overall size of this animal reservoir is a major determinant of the threat that the organism poses to public health. Our group have made significant advances in understanding the persistence of the organism in the bovine host and identified the terminal rectum as the primary site for colonisation associated with persistent and high level excretion of the organism. The primary objective of study OZ0712 is to understand this colonisation of the terminal rectum and to examine treatments or interventions to reduce or prevent carriage at the site. Practical control strategies may be developed from the understanding of the bacterial-host interactions that allow E. coli O157:H7 to persist on the rectal mucosa or from the development of methods that treat or prevent colonisation. Opportunity will also be taken to validate simple screening tests that could be used in the field or abattoir to identify colonised animals. Review summary This project aimed to acquire knowledge of how E. coli O157:H7 persists in the GI tract of cattle, and to use this information to develop practical methods for detection and control. The research team have significantly contributed to our understanding of the persistence of E. coli O157:H7 in the bovine host, and in identifying the terminal rectum as the primary site for colonisation. A simple dip stick method was also developed for detection of high level faecal carriage of this organism. Direct application of chlorhexidine to the terminal rectal mucosa was found to be the most effective treatment investigated. This treatment was able to reduce or completely eliminate E. coli O157:H7 and has the potential to be an important control option. The development of this practical intervention is being taken forward in project OZ0714 (To develop a cost effective and practical method to reduce E. coli O157 infection in cattle prior to slaughter). 94
Project code: LK0666 Project title: Vaccination strategies for control of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in cattle Start date (dd/mm/yy): 01/10/2005 End date (dd/mm/yy): 30/09/2008 Total cost: £628,763.00 (Defra: £328,762; Other funders: £300,001) Affiliation: University of Edinburgh Sub-contractor(s): SAC, MRI Abstract of research A consortium of scientists based the University of Edinburgh, the Moredun Research Institute and the Scottish Agricultural College working in partnership with Novartis Animal Vaccines Limited propose a three year LINK research programme that has two related aims. The first is to develop an effective and inexpensive vaccine to limit EHEC colonisation of cattle and therefore reduce the threat to human health from this pathogen. The second is to develop systems for delivery of antigens to gastrointestinal follicleassociated epithelium in order to generate appropriate mucosal responses. The two aims are intrinsically linked as the antigens to be trialed in the vaccines are likely also to target FAE and will be tested to compare intra-muscular injection with mucosal delivery. This research builds on five years of research into EHEC colonisation of cattle by the research consortium and two years of investment by NAVL into adhesins expressed by EHEC O157:H7. The current identified antigens are the Loc8 fimbrial adhesin, the H7 flagellin and EspA type III translocation filaments. These will be tested alone and in combination. The research will exploit well developed in vivo and in vitro systems to investigate the interaction of EHEC O157:H7 with the bovine host including a colonisation protocol for calves developed by the grouping that has led to the identification of the terminal rectum as the principal site of colonisation of cattle by EHEC O157:H7. This protocol is being applied to test direct antimicrobial interventions by our grouping. The research combines the expertise of scientists in immunology, FAE biology, animal infectious diseases, vaccine development and molecular biology with excellent microbiology laboratories and large animal containment facilities. Review summary Non-foodborne infections are estimated to make up more than 50% of EHEC cases. It is important to work toward the development of a vaccine for cattle to reduce the impact of agricultural sources on this source of human disease. The main aim of project LK0666 is to develop an effective, inexpensive vaccine to limit EHEC colonisation of cattle, thereby reducing risk to public health from this pathogen. This is a difficult subject but is being tackled well by the research team. The high quality work continues to increase the E. coli O157 evidence base. 95
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Contents Section A - Introduction..
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Review of the Food-borne Zoonoses (
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Plans for taking forward these prio
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Policy Objectives The key policy ob
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Figure 2. Laboratory reports of Sal
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Figure 4. Laboratory reports of Cam
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6. Aims of the FBZ research review
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Section B - Review Summaries 16
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epidemiology of Salmonella and anti
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There is a need to objectively asse
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2. Campylobacter review summary 2.1
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for this organism. Research within
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3. E. coli review summary 3.1 Succe
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4. Other zoonotic pathogens of inte
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Annex 1 - Projects Reviewed 30
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OZ0311 Conventional versus capillar
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OZ0402 OZ0404 OZ0405 OZ0407 OZ0604
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OZ0704 OZ0705 OZ0706 OZ0707 Quantif
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Annex 2 - Project Abstracts and Pro
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To test the suitability of the AFLP
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Project code: OZ0324 Project title:
Page 44 and 45: Project code: OZ0311 Project title:
Page 46 and 47: Review Summary The knowledge that t
Page 48 and 49: Review Summary The project was felt
Page 52 and 53: It is clear that the EC legislative
Page 54 and 55: if the vaccines currently available
Page 56 and 57: Four published papers have come out
Page 58 and 59: Review Summary This epidemiological
Page 60 and 61: Project code: OZO316 Project title:
Page 64 and 65: agricultural industry/public health
Page 66 and 67: testing laboratories. In addition,
Page 68 and 69: animal pathogen but is a human path
Page 70 and 71: esearch has also substantially impr
Page 72 and 73: to elucidate the antigenic repertoi
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Page 76 and 77: Fundamental issues concerning the f
Page 78 and 79: Review summary Project OZ0606 focus
Page 80 and 81: Abstract of research OZ0608 The ado
Page 82 and 83: thinning process for molecular trac
Page 84 and 85: Project code: LK0665 Project title:
Page 86 and 87: Review summary While poultry meat i
Page 88 and 89: Review summary A key aim of this pr
Page 90 and 91: Review summary This project aimed t
Page 96 and 97: Project code: OZ0138C Project title
Page 102 and 103: Abstract of research Projects OZ070
Page 104 and 105: produced were both relevant and imp
Page 106 and 107: List of External Reviewers. Mr. Pau
Page 108 and 109: Review of Defra’s FBZ Research Pr
Page 110 and 111: Review of Defra’s FBZ Research Pr
Page 112 and 113: Annex 5 - Review Timetable 112
Page 114 and 115: 11.45 - 12.00 Bovine and Porcine Fo
Page 116: Campylobacter Other 11.50 - 12.05 P
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