History of the Johnstones, 1191-1909, with ... - Electric Scotland

History of the Johnstones, 1191-1909, with ... - Electric Scotland History of the Johnstones, 1191-1909, with ... - Electric Scotland

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252 MRS WEBSTER OF PENNS sentiments and the uprightness of your intentions ; and that they will long retain their gratitude and respect for a character which so forcibly delineates the man of honour, the Christian and the good citizen. " I am gratified by the present opportunity of begging you to accept my fervent wishes for the prolongation of your valuable life, and for the still further extension of your sphere of usefulness and enjoyment, and of assuring you that I remain with very high respect, Rev. Sir, your sincere and obedient. "William Russell." Considering the severity of the law at that date, 1 the Dissenters had cause to complain of the sentences passed by the magistrates—the Rev. Dr Spencer (Rector of St. Philip's), Mr Carless, Captain Carver, and the Rev. Charles Curtis. Only fifteen were committed to the Assizes, and when they were tried at Warwick great efforts were made to save them. One of the judges, Lord Chief Baron Eyre, observed that never in his life had he seen so much rancour and ill blood. In the end three were executed ; but of the claims preferred for property destroyed during the riot only .£26,961 were allowed. Several of the burnt houses were left in ruins for many years, and residents, like Lady Carhampton (who was taken to Canwell by Sir Robert Lawley), neither owners of property nor attached to Birmingham by profession or business, quitted the place altogether, and it was many years before it recovered its prosperity. The terrible distress of 1 800-1 was an indirect consequence of the riots. There is another undated letter to Edward Johnstone from Parr about this time. Madame Belloc observes that Parr had been a tutor very early to boys who were statesmen before he was middle-aged, and that he continued to influence them. " Mr Mackintosh (Sir James) came hither on Thursday and he will be glad to see the town and avail himself of your hospitality. If you will meet him in your chaise at Hockley House I will attend him on horseback and we will dine together, and he can go on with you to Birmingham. I never saw so philosophical a mind at his time of life mingled with so much delicacy of spirit and strength in elocution. ... In truth, my good friend, the Dissenters have such narrow views ... so visionary and inexperienced, yet so rash, that society has no confidence in their policy. Pitt will oppress them, insult them, yet retain them for his shifting purposes. Had they possessed your firmness, temper and penetration what is bad would not have happened nor could. Yours sincerely and respectfully. S.P." One of Edward's friends was Mrs Webster 2 of Penns, a very pretty country house six miles and a half out of Birmingham. Her husband met with an accident, which caused his death, in 1788, when hunting with the Warwickshire hounds in Chelmsley Wood, accompanied by the Rector of Solihull, who had 1 For attending a political meeting in Edinburgh a West Indian proprietor was sentenced in 1794 by a Scottish jury to fourteen years banishment to Botany Bay. He died very soon after landing from the hardships of the voyage. 2 Her father was Mr Parkes, the banker at Warwick. She was great-aunt to Madame Parkes- Belloc.

SUNDAY SCHOOLS 253 breakfasted with him. He owned Hawford at Ombersley, near Worcester, where he probably became acquainted with the Johnstones, and he was on the Committee and one of the earliest subscribers to the General Hospital in Birmingham, and left it £50. He and his father were at the same time Governors of Lench's Trust, an old Birmingham charity, so as Edward was connected with most of the philanthropic societies in the town they often met. After his death, leaving a young widow with four little children, Johnstone helped her in the management of her affairs. As a Presbyterian, her property was in danger during the riots. A secluded lane about a mile long led from the house to the high road between Birmingham and Lichfield, and a report came that a mob was entering the lane. A neighbour, Mr Lloyd-Davies, who rented Pipe Hayes during the minority of the Rev. Egerton Bagot, sent over to invite Mrs Webster to take refuge there, and she at once walked to his house by a field path with her children, the youngest carried by the maid, Molly, while the butler carried one of the little boys. The plate chest was lowered into the small lake in the grounds before they started, and furniture and everything of value packed away in cellars and hay-lofts. That evening, as she was waiting for dinner with other guests in the drawing-room, a Colonel, just arrived from London, who was watching the smoke, coloured with flame, mixing with the clouds in the direction of Birmingham, quietly observed, " I hope they are well roasting all the Dissenters." The poor young widow heard it. The rapid march of the 13th Light Dragoons from Nottingham via Lichfield to Birmingham is supposed to have saved Penns. They crossed the top of the lane, followed by numbers from Sutton Coldfield, and the rioters beat a quick retreat. Although the horses were taken up from grass they marched fifty-three miles in one day. One effect of the riots was to strengthen the hands of those who advocated the education of the working class. In 1784 a meeting had been held in Birmingham to discuss Sunday schools, started elsewhere,—some say by Mrs Montagu, others by John Pounds. Those who attended and headed a subscrip- tion list were Edward Johnstone, still only twenty-seven, the most sanguine as to their result ; the Rev. C. Curtis, who quoted his brother's famous joke as to the three R's ; the Revs. John Riland (rector of Sutton Coldfield), Thomas Price, John Clutton, C. L. Shipley, and J. Turner ; and Messrs W. Bedford, W. Villiers, T. Simcox, R. Lloyd, W. Holden, I. Westley, and T. Lutwyche. Within a year 1400 children were admitted to these new schools, and 500 were catechised in the churches. The masters and mistresses were all paid, and the scholars were much increased in 1788. The destruction of property in 1791 was followed by the invariable result very hard times for the poor, which in 1800 became famine. In 1793 a rumour spread abroad that malignant fever prevailed in Birmingham. It was contra- dicted at once by Edward Johnstone and nine other physicians and surgeons. In 1795 one of the Cabinet, the Duke of Portland, wrote to Mr Heneage Legge of Aston Hall to commend the prudence and liberality of the upper class in adopting measures of relief. " It is," he added, "to the exertions and liberality

252<br />

MRS WEBSTER OF PENNS<br />

sentiments and <strong>the</strong> uprightness <strong>of</strong> your intentions ; and<br />

that <strong>the</strong>y will long<br />

retain <strong>the</strong>ir gratitude and respect for a character which so forcibly delineates<br />

<strong>the</strong> man <strong>of</strong> honour, <strong>the</strong> Christian and <strong>the</strong> good citizen.<br />

" I am gratified by <strong>the</strong> present opportunity <strong>of</strong> begging you to accept my<br />

fervent wishes for <strong>the</strong> prolongation <strong>of</strong> your valuable life, and for <strong>the</strong> still<br />

fur<strong>the</strong>r extension <strong>of</strong> your sphere <strong>of</strong> usefulness and enjoyment, and <strong>of</strong> assuring<br />

you that I remain <strong>with</strong> very high respect, Rev. Sir, your sincere and obedient.<br />

"William Russell."<br />

Considering <strong>the</strong> severity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> law at that date, 1 <strong>the</strong> Dissenters had cause<br />

to complain <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sentences passed by <strong>the</strong> magistrates—<strong>the</strong> Rev. Dr Spencer<br />

(Rector <strong>of</strong> St. Philip's), Mr Carless, Captain Carver, and <strong>the</strong> Rev. Charles Curtis.<br />

Only fifteen were committed to <strong>the</strong> Assizes, and when <strong>the</strong>y were tried at<br />

Warwick great efforts were made to save <strong>the</strong>m. One <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> judges, Lord<br />

Chief Baron Eyre, observed that never in his life had he seen so much rancour<br />

and ill blood. In <strong>the</strong> end three were executed ; but <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> claims preferred for<br />

property destroyed during <strong>the</strong> riot only .£26,961 were allowed.<br />

Several <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> burnt houses were left in ruins for many years, and residents,<br />

like Lady Carhampton (who was taken to Canwell by Sir Robert Lawley),<br />

nei<strong>the</strong>r owners <strong>of</strong> property nor attached to Birmingham by pr<strong>of</strong>ession or<br />

business, quitted <strong>the</strong> place altoge<strong>the</strong>r, and it was many years before it recovered<br />

its prosperity. The terrible distress <strong>of</strong> 1 800-1 was an indirect consequence <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> riots.<br />

There is ano<strong>the</strong>r undated letter to Edward Johnstone from Parr about this<br />

time. Madame Belloc observes that Parr had been a tutor very early to boys<br />

who were statesmen before he was middle-aged, and that he continued to<br />

influence <strong>the</strong>m. " Mr Mackintosh (Sir James) came hi<strong>the</strong>r on Thursday and he<br />

will be glad to see <strong>the</strong> town and avail himself <strong>of</strong> your hospitality. If you will<br />

meet him in your chaise at Hockley House I will attend him on horseback and<br />

we will dine toge<strong>the</strong>r, and he can go on <strong>with</strong> you to Birmingham. I never saw<br />

so philosophical a mind at his time <strong>of</strong> life mingled <strong>with</strong> so much delicacy <strong>of</strong><br />

spirit and strength in elocution. ... In truth, my good friend, <strong>the</strong> Dissenters<br />

have such narrow views ... so visionary and inexperienced, yet so rash,<br />

that society has no confidence in <strong>the</strong>ir policy. Pitt will oppress <strong>the</strong>m, insult<br />

<strong>the</strong>m, yet retain <strong>the</strong>m for his shifting purposes. Had <strong>the</strong>y possessed your<br />

firmness, temper and penetration what is bad would not have happened nor<br />

could. Yours sincerely and respectfully. S.P."<br />

One <strong>of</strong> Edward's friends was Mrs Webster 2 <strong>of</strong> Penns, a very pretty country<br />

house six miles and a half out <strong>of</strong> Birmingham. Her husband met <strong>with</strong> an<br />

accident, which caused his death, in 1788, when hunting <strong>with</strong> <strong>the</strong> Warwickshire<br />

hounds in Chelmsley Wood, accompanied by <strong>the</strong> Rector <strong>of</strong> Solihull, who had<br />

1 For attending a political meeting in Edinburgh a West Indian proprietor was sentenced<br />

in 1794 by a Scottish jury to fourteen years banishment to Botany Bay. He died very soon<br />

after landing from <strong>the</strong> hardships <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> voyage.<br />

2 Her fa<strong>the</strong>r was Mr Parkes, <strong>the</strong> banker at Warwick. She was great-aunt to Madame<br />

Parkes- Belloc.

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