History of the Johnstones, 1191-1909, with ... - Electric Scotland
History of the Johnstones, 1191-1909, with ... - Electric Scotland History of the Johnstones, 1191-1909, with ... - Electric Scotland
i42 CROMWELL fought for the young Charles II. at the battle of Worcester, and none of them lived to return. The defeat of the Royalists at Worcester and at Dunbar made Cromwell supreme in Scotland. He ruled it like a conquered kingdom, as it was, and suspended the Constitution, even appointing English judges in place of the ancient baronial courts. There were many specimens of gold and silver work among the Dumfries- shire families in 1640, carefully preserved as heirlooms. All this was ordered by the War Committee to be requisitioned and broken up to be coined for the army. No one, high or low, was to be spared ; but if any man had an article he specially prized, he might redeem it at the rate of 56s. per oz. for Scots silver work, 58s. per oz. for English silver work, and £33, 6s. 8d. for every oz. of gold. These sums do not at all represent the real value of money at that date, but Johnstoun must have kept his, either by payment or by stealth, to judge from his son's memorial {circa 1661) to Charles II. In this document the second Lord Hartfell, describing his father's losses and his own, points out that all Annandale was a thoroughfare for armies marching, and especially his lands, as they bordered on England. His house at Newbie was plundered of his silver, plate, and furniture, and completely wrecked by both the English and the Scottish rebels ; and troops were quartered on his estate till payment should be made of £43,000. Several of his own name in Dumfriesshire were on the side of the Covenanters—Archibald Johnstoun of Clochrie, James Johnston of Corhead, Andrew Johnstoun of Lockerbie, Wamfray, Robert Johnstoun of Newton, Poldean, and John Johnstoun of Viccarland. The Commissioners appointed by the King to settle these claims reported that the present Earl, and his father, who died at Newbie in 1653, had given signal proofs of their loyalty, for which they had been great sufferers, "particularly in 1644, when the Marquis of Montrose came with the King's commission he did cheerfully join with him, and upon the Marquis's retreat he was made prisoner in the Castle of Edinburgh for a whole year, and was forced by the Parliament then being to pay the sum of .£12,000 Scots, which, with the interest to this time, amounts to £24,400. In the following year he most cheerfully joined with the Marquis of Montrose, his Majesty's Captain-General, and after their defeat at Philiphaugh was with his sons taken prisoners and committed from several prisons to the Castle of St. Andrews, where he was tried for his life, and after an expensive and tedious process was fined 100,000 Scots pounds. If he would not pay it, both he and his sons would be executed. Before he could leave the prison he was ordered to pay to the Earl of Lanark and Colonel Lockhart £41,000, to Bogs (a Scott of Buccleuch) and Sir James Stewart £20,000, and to Sir John Brown £6000." Warrieston was one of the " triers." He had previously proposed to exclude certain members from Parliament— Lords Johnstoun and Ogilvie, Sir John Hay, and Sir Robert Spottiswood—on the ground of their compliance with the enemies of the kingdom, and, except Johnstoun, they had protested against his appointment, as he had prejudged them. Perhaps Johnstoun hoped that
THE YOUNG EARL OF ANNANDALE 143 Warrieston might be lenient to his Chief. He may have been more so than his colleagues. Besides the above sums, it was pleaded that Johnstoun was forced to pay ,£7000 towards arming Dumfriesshire, and by order of Parliament, £4000 to Sir William Dick as his share of a war tax. The loss of his rents and damage to his property by troops being constantly quartered there was at least £40,000, so the Committee humbly recommended him to his Majesty. Charles II. thereupon restored the Chief of Johnstoun to his father's honours and estates, adding to the previous titles those of James Murray, Earl of Annandale, who had died without male heirs in 1658. The only son of the first Earl, he had retired to England, lest as owner of the Graitney estate he should be further involved in the Civil War. Imprisonment in Scotland seems to have been as severe in Cromwell's time as a century earlier, and Lord Hartfell never recovered from the effect, but died in 1653—seven years before the Restoration. He had been first married to Lady Margaret Douglas, by whom he had James and William ; secondly, to a daughter of Johnstoun of Elphinstone, who had no family. An item in the Newbie accounts, kept by Hew Sinclair, the factor or chamberlain, refers to this younger son, Jan. 26, 1657 : " Forty-eight torches sent to Newbie to Lieut.- Colonel Johnstoun's burial at twelve shillings a piece, is ,£28, 16. o., only brother to Lord Annandale." Lord Hartfell left the life rent of Newbie, valued at 8000 marks Scots, as a provision for his widow. The eldest son, James, created Lord Annandale, married at twenty to his cousin, Lady Henrietta Douglas, who was thirteen, died in 1679. Of eleven children two sons, William and John, and several daughters survived. The boys were educated at Glasgow, and boarded there with a connection, Margaret Hamilton, married to Mr Banantyne, related to Westraw. The young Earl came with his brother to Newbie in 1680, when he sent his Family Bible to be rebound. He had taken his degree, and was married to a girl of fourteen, his cousin, Sophia Fairholm, by the time he was eighteen. In that year— 1685—Newbie Castle was burnt. The catastrophe is described in a letter from the young bride, who was sitting with the wife of the minister of Cummertrees, Lady Apilgirth, and Sophia Johnstoun, her mother (?), when the smell of burning timbers first alarmed them. The Laird of Westraw was with the Earl, and helped to try and extinguish it, but the furniture and their clothes were destroyed, and the Countess rode three miles in the night to take refuge at Kelhead with her husband's relatives, the Douglases. In a letter to her father, John Fairholm, from Kelhead, Dec. 28, 1685, Lady Annandale wrote: "If there had been any drinking with us at Christmas I should have thought it God's judgement on us for so great a sin, but there was nobody with us but two or three neighbours, and my lord was receiving rents the most part of the afternoon, neither was anybody drunk, and my lord both then and ever since he came from Edinburgh I can bear witness has never drunk any. God pity us, for we are left without any, and make me to bear this patiently, which I willingly do for my loss if I were not afraid of something
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THE YOUNG EARL OF ANNANDALE 143<br />
Warrieston might be lenient to his Chief. He may have been more so than his<br />
colleagues.<br />
Besides <strong>the</strong> above sums, it was pleaded that Johnstoun was forced to pay<br />
,£7000 towards arming Dumfriesshire, and by order <strong>of</strong> Parliament, £4000 to<br />
Sir William Dick as his share <strong>of</strong> a war tax. The loss <strong>of</strong> his rents and damage<br />
to his property by troops being constantly quartered <strong>the</strong>re was at least<br />
£40,000, so <strong>the</strong> Committee humbly recommended him to his Majesty.<br />
Charles II. <strong>the</strong>reupon restored <strong>the</strong> Chief <strong>of</strong> Johnstoun to his fa<strong>the</strong>r's honours<br />
and estates, adding to <strong>the</strong> previous titles those <strong>of</strong> James Murray, Earl <strong>of</strong><br />
Annandale, who had died <strong>with</strong>out male heirs in 1658. The only son <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
first Earl, he had retired to England, lest as owner <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Graitney estate he<br />
should be fur<strong>the</strong>r involved in <strong>the</strong> Civil War.<br />
Imprisonment in <strong>Scotland</strong> seems to have been as severe in Cromwell's time<br />
as a century earlier, and Lord Hartfell never recovered from <strong>the</strong> effect, but died<br />
in 1653—seven years before <strong>the</strong> Restoration. He had been first married to<br />
Lady Margaret Douglas, by whom he had James and William ;<br />
secondly, to a<br />
daughter <strong>of</strong> Johnstoun <strong>of</strong> Elphinstone, who had no family. An item in <strong>the</strong><br />
Newbie accounts, kept by Hew Sinclair, <strong>the</strong> factor or chamberlain, refers to<br />
this younger son, Jan. 26, 1657 : " Forty-eight torches sent to Newbie to Lieut.-<br />
Colonel Johnstoun's burial at twelve shillings a piece, is ,£28, 16. o., only bro<strong>the</strong>r<br />
to Lord Annandale."<br />
Lord Hartfell left <strong>the</strong> life rent <strong>of</strong> Newbie, valued at 8000 marks Scots, as a<br />
provision for his widow. The eldest son, James, created Lord Annandale,<br />
married at twenty to his cousin, Lady Henrietta Douglas, who was thirteen,<br />
died in 1679. Of eleven children two sons, William and John, and several<br />
daughters survived. The boys were educated at Glasgow, and boarded <strong>the</strong>re <strong>with</strong><br />
a connection, Margaret Hamilton, married to Mr Banantyne, related to Westraw.<br />
The young Earl came <strong>with</strong> his bro<strong>the</strong>r to Newbie in 1680, when he sent his<br />
Family Bible to be rebound. He had taken his degree, and was married to a<br />
girl <strong>of</strong> fourteen, his cousin, Sophia Fairholm, by <strong>the</strong> time he was eighteen. In<br />
that year— 1685—Newbie Castle was burnt. The catastrophe is described in<br />
a letter from <strong>the</strong> young bride, who was sitting <strong>with</strong> <strong>the</strong> wife <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> minister <strong>of</strong><br />
Cummertrees, Lady Apilgirth, and Sophia Johnstoun, her mo<strong>the</strong>r (?), when <strong>the</strong><br />
smell <strong>of</strong> burning timbers first alarmed <strong>the</strong>m. The Laird <strong>of</strong> Westraw was <strong>with</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> Earl, and helped to try and extinguish it, but <strong>the</strong> furniture and <strong>the</strong>ir clo<strong>the</strong>s<br />
were destroyed, and <strong>the</strong> Countess rode three miles in <strong>the</strong> night to take refuge<br />
at Kelhead <strong>with</strong> her husband's relatives, <strong>the</strong> Douglases.<br />
In a letter to her fa<strong>the</strong>r, John Fairholm, from Kelhead, Dec. 28, 1685, Lady<br />
Annandale wrote: "If <strong>the</strong>re had been any drinking <strong>with</strong> us at Christmas I<br />
should have thought it God's judgement on us for so great a sin, but <strong>the</strong>re was<br />
nobody <strong>with</strong> us but two or three neighbours, and my lord was receiving rents<br />
<strong>the</strong> most part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> afternoon, nei<strong>the</strong>r was anybody drunk, and my lord both<br />
<strong>the</strong>n and ever since he came from Edinburgh I can bear witness has never<br />
drunk any. God pity us, for we are left <strong>with</strong>out any, and make me to bear<br />
this patiently, which I willingly do for my loss if I were not afraid <strong>of</strong> something