<strong>nanoparticles</strong>. Recently, Kim and co-workers [43] have reported that the silver <strong>nanoparticles</strong> generate free radicals that are responsible for damaging the membrane. They also speculated that the free radicals are developed from the surface <strong>of</strong> the AgNPs. Lee et al. [44] investigated the antibacterial effect <strong>of</strong> nanosized silver colloidal solution against padding the solution on textile fabrics. Shrivastava et al. [45] studied antibacterial activity against E. coli (ampicillin resistant), and S. aureus (multi-drug resistant). They reported that the effect was dose-dependent and was more pronounced against gram-negative organisms than gram-positive ones. They found that the major mechanism through which AgNPs manifest antibacterial properties was either by anchoring or penetrating the bacterial cell wall, and modulating cellular signaling by dephosphorylating putative key peptide substrates on tyrosine residues [45]. Similarly, Chun-Nam and coworkers [46] reported that the AgNPs target the bacterial membrane, leading to a dissipation <strong>of</strong> the proton motive force resulting in the collapse <strong>of</strong> the membrane potential. They also proposed that the AgNPs mediated antibacterial effects in a much more efficient physiochemical manner than Ag+ ions. The antibacterial efficacy <strong>of</strong> the biogenic AgNPs reported in the present study may be ascribed to the mechanism described above but, it still remains to clarify the exact effect <strong>of</strong> the <strong>nanoparticles</strong> on important cellular metabolism like DNA, RNA and protein <strong>synthesis</strong>. Conclusion The present study represents a clean, non-toxic as well as eco-friendly procedure for synthesizing AgNPs. The capping around each particle provides regular chemical environment formed by the bio-organic compound present in the M. oleifera leaf broth, which may be chiefly responsible for the particles to become stabilized. This technique gives us a simple and efficient way for the <strong>synthesis</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>nanoparticles</strong> with tunable optical properties governed by particle size. From the <strong>of</strong> nanotechnology point <strong>of</strong> view, this is a noteworthy development for synthesizing AgNPs economically. In conclusion, this <strong>green</strong> chemistry approach toward the <strong>synthesis</strong> <strong>of</strong> AgNPs possesses several advantages viz, easy process by which this may be scaled up, economic viability, etc. Applications <strong>of</strong> such eco-friendly <strong>nanoparticles</strong> in bactericidal, wound healing and other medical and electronic applications, makes this method potentially stimulating for the largescale <strong>synthesis</strong> <strong>of</strong> other inorganic materials, like nanomaterials. Toxicity studies <strong>of</strong> M. oleifera-mediated synthesized AgNPs are also underway. Acknowledgement The first author (A. M.) acknowledges UGC (University Grants Commission), Government <strong>of</strong> India, New Delhi, India for providing financial assistance in the form <strong>of</strong> fellowship. 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