Shane Moran - Alternation Journal

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LI(IIEPZI ~reilus zn the Prodzlcllon oJSo~lth /lj~*~c.an Ff~story Island, or that Biko and Sobukwe represent different political traditions, is forgotten through the promotion of this kind of national unity. It is a unity, a national reinterpretation and national agency frained by national reconciliation. l'his version of past and heritage of struggle lays emphasis on perpetrators and victims in the prison of apartheid, and draws lines between good and evil as sylnbolically contained and 'experienced' in the new figures of power. The leaders areido represent the people/ the majority, their experiences those of the majority, their prison that of apartheid, and their sense of the forgiven past and reconciled present encapsulating the 'new democracy' and as the markers ofcitizenship and the new nation. At the same time it is these official knowledges and memorialisations-in a new sense of occupancy and definition of 'the public'-that are being marked as the 'real' place of 'black history' as against 'the kind ofheritage that glorifiedmainly white and colonial hi~tory"~. In this respect, this public history speaks for the 'innocent majority, unable to speak English and unversed in the language of politicsy5' as well as for the histories and participants in apartheid resistance and conflict. It is a history reliant much more on a public rewriting than it is on an academic one. And this is so despite the role ofsuch key institutions as the Mayibuye Centre for History and Culture. Set up to focus on 'all aspects of apartheid, resistance, social life and culture in South Africa' at the University of the Western Cape in 1991, and incorporating the visual and archival holdings of IDAF (International Defence and Aid Fund), it has subsequently played a central role in the planning and implementation ofthe Robben Island Museum as well as in various formats of historical production in the 'new' South Africa5>. This production, though meant to focus on hidden histories, and recover hidden pasts of resistance and subaltern agency, has tended to disavow academic history production as marginal and to significantly facilitate the generation of a new official national history along the lines elaborated above. Department of History University of the Western Cape " Nelson Mandela, Heritage Day spcech. Ckpe Times25 Septernber(1997). " l'he pl11-asc is taken from a TIiC hearing 1-eport,.4lgzrs 4-5 May ( 1996). 017 CNIM~ZIS. UWC, Vo1 3, NO 19. 21-27 July (1995): Mayihuye Centre ilrznlltrl Reports 1995: 1906 See in paulicula~.Rassool( 1997~5-7) for acritical context. Mart~n Legassick and Gilu)) Mlnkley References Adams, S 1998 Comrade Mlnlster The SACP andthe Tran~lllonfi~~l Apurfhetd to Ilenzocr ucy PhD, Unrvers~ty ofNew South Wales Atklns, K 1993 The Moon is De~idl G~ve Us our Money1 The Czlltz~ral 01,lgl~zs ofanilfrlcan Worlc Ethlc, N~ztal, Jbzlth Africa, 1843-1900 Portsmouth & London Heinemann & Jai~ies Murray Bozzoll, B I983 H~story, Eupeilence and Culture In Bo~zol~, B (ed) Town and Cotrntysrd~ In the Transvaal Johannesburg Ravan Bozzol~, B 1983a Marxlsln, Femlnlsm and South African Studles Joz~rnni ofSoutherr2 Afircan Stzldles 9.2 139- 17 1 Bozzoll, B 1987 Class, Commun~ty and Ideology In the Evolution ot South Atrrcan Society In Rozzoli. B (ed) Class, Cornintln~ty and Conflzct South Afj.ican Perspectives Johannesburg Ravan. Bozzoli, B & P Delius 1990. Radical History and South African Society. Radical Hlstovy Revlew 46.7: 13-45 Bozzoli, B 1990a. Intellectuals. Audiences and Histories: South African Experiences. 1978- 1988. Radical History Review 46.7:237-263. Bradford, Helen 1996. Women, Gender and Colonialism: Rethinking the History of the British Cape Colony and its Frontier Zones. <strong>Journal</strong> ofAjricanHistoq~ 37.35 1-370. Bundy, Colin 1987. History, Revolution and South Africa. Trnnsfornzation 4:60-75. Bundy, Colin 1989. Around which Corner? Revolutionaiy Theory and Contemporary South Africa. Trirnsforrnation 8: 1-23. Bundy, Colin 1990. An Image of its Own Past: Towards a Comparison of American and South African Historiography. Rndical History Review 46,7: 1 17- 144. Bundy, Colin 1997. Comparatively Speaking: Kas Maine and South African Agrarian History. SAS23.2:363-370. Karis, Thomas & Gwen M Carter (eds) 1972-1977. From Protest to Challenge. Voltlmes 1-4. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press. Cohen, DW 1994. The Combing ofHisto ry. Chicago and London. Davidson, B, J Slovo & AR Wilkinson 1976. Sorrthern Africa: The New Politics of Revolution. London: Penguin. Erwin, Alec 1985. The Question of Unity in the Struggle. South African Labolrr Bzllletin September,] 1,1:51-70. Fine, Michelle et a1 1996. Of White: Rendings on Race. Power and Society. New York: Routledge. Fisher. P & 'R Monroe' [Martin Legassick] 1988. What is Workerism?-A Reply to Isizwe. Inqabaya Basebenzi 27 November. Foner, E 1995. 'We must forget the past'; History in the New South Africa. Sorrth African Historical Jozrrnal32: 163-1 76. Freund, WM 198811989, Past Imperfect. So~lthern African Review ofBooks 2,2:8f. Freund, WM 1991. Radical History Writing and the South African Context. South African Historicnl Jozrrnal24: 154-1 59. Greenstein. R 1995. History, Historiography and the Production of Knowledge. South African HistoricnlJournnl32.May:217-232. Greenstein. R 1996. The Future of the South African Past. Jozlrnal of Sozlthern Afiicnn Stzldies 22.June.2:325-3 1. Hamilton, C 1993. Authoring Shaka: Models, Metaphors and Historiography. PltD Thesis, Johns Hopkins University. Hamilton, C 1996. Report: the Future of the Past-New Trajectories. Sollth Afvican Historical
./OI(I.MLI( 35.November. (- 1117~e111 ~ ? ~ M L / /?I ~ T the Prodrr,lion oj Solllh /l)ican FIistory Martin Legassick and Gary Minkley I loi'meyr. 1 1993. M.i. Sj~endozir Bars as ir Tale tho/ is lbld': Oral ilistoriral Nnrrat,ve in n ,So~ltl~ ,4/tictrrr C~hiqfilo~rl. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand Ilniversity Press. Ilofi~~eyi-. 1 1994. 'Wailing for Purity'--Oral Studies in Southern Akican Studies. JSAS 20t Annivcrsa~y Confere~lce. University ol'Yol.k, 9- 1 I Septerubcr. Ilofinepr, 1 1995. Reading Oral l'cxts: New Methodological Directions. SACFJ Seminar, IIWC, Octobcl-. Jones, Dl 192 1. Cornrnzmism in South Afilcn. Jubber. K 1907. Reviclv essay in Afiicon So~iological Review 1.2: 156- 170. Kecgan, 7' 1996. Colonial 5'021th /Ifuico crud [he Origi11s of the Rircinl Order. Cape Town and Johannesburg. l,egassick, M 199 1. TheNecessity of Socialism. Cor~gress Militant 23.5. Leroke. W 1994. 'Koze, Kube Nini?': The Violence of Representation and the Politics of Social Research in South ASrica. Wits History Workshop paper, 13-1 5 July 1994. Lodge. T 1990. Charters from the Past: The ANC and its Historiographic Traditions. Raciical Histor7~Iievie1~~ 46,7: 16 1- 188. Mafe,jc. A 197 1. The Ideology of Tribalism. .ioz~rnalofil/or(crn.4fiica1zStuc(ies 9.2:253-261. Mafc,je. A 1988. Anthropology and lndepelldent Africans: Suicide or End of an Era'? Africa, Sociological Re1~ie1.c) 2,l: 1-43. Magubanc. I3 1971. A Critical Look at Indices Used in the Study of Social Change in Africa Clrrr~nf ,4nthropolog)l 12.4 19-445. Majeko. Nosiplio (Dora Taylor) [1952]1983. The Role of fhe hfissionaries in Conqlle Cumberwood: APDUSA. Marndani. M 1997. Makgoba was aVictim of the 'Racialised Power' entrenched at Wits. H+ekly MailandGzlurdian 5- 1 1 :9. Marks. S 1996. Rewlritirzg Sozrth Ajrican History: or The ffz!zlnt for Hintsa's Head. Conference on rethinking African history, Edinburgh. May 1996. Maylam, P 1995. Tensions within the Practice of History. Sollrlz Africnn Ifistorical Jorlrnal 33.November :3-12 Mbeki, Thabo 1978. Donlcstic and Foreign Policies of a New South Africa. Re~riell~ ofAfrican Political Econonz)~ 11.Jan-April:6-16. Also published as 'The Historical Tnjustice. in Selected Writings or2 [he Frcedonz Charter. Sechaba Commemorative I'ublication, ANC, London. 1985:36-5 3 . Minkley. G 1986. Re-examining Experience: TheNew South African Historiography. History) in -4friccr 13:269-28 1. 'Mnguni', (Hosea Jaffe) 1952. Three H~ir~dred Years: A fZistoly ofSollthAfiica. Cape To\vn:New EraFello\~sllip. Murray, Martin 1994. The Revol~rfion Deferred The Paitfill Birth qf Post-apartlleid Sot!zltlz Afiica. London: Verso. Mzala. Comrade 1988. Revol~ltionary Thcory on the National Question in Soutll Africa. In Van Diepen. M (ed): The Nalionnl Qncsfion inSolith Africa. London: Zed Rooks. Naidoo, Jay 1986. The Significance of COSATU. Soicth Afiicnn Labozlr Bzllletirz 1 I. 5:33-39. Nasson, B 1996. A Slrarecropper's Li fc. So~ithern Afiican Xevielv of Books 42:2-4. Nkadimeng, Malete & Georgina Rclly 1983. Kas Maine: The Story ofa Black Soutll African Agricultarist. In Rozzoli. B (ed): 7bwn nnd Corintq~side in the T,-msvaal. .Jollannesburg: Ravan. Nkomo. Susan 1994. 1,ocating Self in Distorted Realities (or learning researcll in South African institutions). Paper Lo CENMIJT worksl~op, 2516 March. tTSRC. Orkin. Mat-k 1986. L)i.sinvesir~leili, the Stvilggle antithe Frrtrire: PYlint RltrckS(~~rth/~/r~~clns Reczlb 128 Think. Johannesburg: Ravan. Pampallis, J 1991. Foundations ofthe New 5'011th Afiica. Cape Town: Maskew Miller Longman. Prakash, Gyan (ed) 1995. A$er Colonialism: Imperial Histories and Postcolonial Displacements. Princet0n.N.J.: Princeton Univeristy Press. Ranger, T 1991. Audiences and Alliances. SozlthernAfrican Review ofRooks4,3, i9:4f. Ranger, T 1997. Review of Theseedis Mine. JSAS23,2:383f. Rassool, C 1997. Local Resistance. Collective Identities and Ordinary Experience: Social History and tlle Production ofLives in South Atiica. Unpublished paper. Rassool. C 1997a. The Individual, Biography and Resistance in South Africa Public History. SACH Seminar. UWC, 7 October. Rousseau, N 1994. Popular History in South Africa in the 1980s: The Politics of Production. M.A. U.W.C. Rousseau, N 1995. 'Unpalatable Truths' and 'Popular Hunger': Reflections on Popular History in the 1980s. SACHS, Seminar Paper, University of the Western Cape (UWC). Roux, Edward 1948. Time Longer than Rope: A Histog, of the Black Man's Struggle for Freedom in South Africa. London: Victor Gollancz. Simons, J & R Simons 1983. Class andColotcr in South Africa. IDAF. Van Onselen. C 1976. Chibaro: Afiican Mine Labour in So~outhern Rhodesia, 1900-1933. London: Pluto. Van Onselen, C 1990. Race and Class in the South African Countryside: Cultural Osmosis and Social Relations in the Sharecropping Economy of the South-Western Transvaal. 1900-1 950. American Historical Review 95.1 :99- 123. Van Onselen, C 1992. The Social and Economic Underpinnings of Paternalism and Violence on the Maize Farms of the South-Western Transvaal. 1 900-1 950. Jotlrnal of Historical Sociology 5,2:127-160. Van Onselen, C 1993. TheReconstruction of aRural Life from Oral Testimony: CriticalNotes on the Methodology Employed in the Study of a Black South African Sharecropper. <strong>Journal</strong> of Peasant Studies 20,3:494-5 14. Van Onselen, C 1996. The Seed is Mine: The L@ of Kas Maine, a Sozlth African Sharecropper, 1894-1985. CapeTown: David Philip. Witz, L & C Hamilton 1991. Reaping the Whirlwind: The Reader's Digest Jllustrated History of South Africa and Changing Popular Perceptions of History. Solrth African Historical Jolrrnal 24: 185-202. Witz, L & C Rassool 1992. The Dog, the Rabbit and the Reluctant Historian. Sozlth Afiican Historical Jot~rnal27,November:238-242. Wolpe, H 1972. Capitalism and Cheap Labour-power: From Segregation to Apartheid. Ecconorny andSociety 1,4:425-443. Wolpe, H 1988. Race, Class andthe Apartheid State. London: James Currey. Worger, W 1991. White Radical Elistory in South Africa. South African Historical Jot~rnal 24: 145-153.
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