Papers in PDF format

(color coding as in the Webview). The advantage of the explicit view is that it shows the information about all
the visible links at one time. The second view is a popup lens which shows more specific information such as
date of creation, length of the document, abstract and so on (Figure 4). The popup lens view shows a more
detailed preview. Multiple popup lenses can be viewed simultaneously but their larger size places limits on how
many can be used effectively.
Conclusion
Navigation through large document spaces, and abstract spaces in general, requires a number of specialized tools.
Based on the assumption that a document space contains both objects and relations, we have developed a set of
interrelated tools that are currently being tested and refined using the CASCADE testbed. Currently four tools --
Docuverse, Webview, Landmarks, and Preview -- are being used. It appears that each tool will play a role at
different times in the navigation process. The tools have been linked such that appropriate actions in one tool
invoke one of the other tools allowing the user to zoom in and out, gather detailed data as needed, and preview
actions.
As indicated above, this work is still in a formative stage of development. Plans for future work include finding
the optimal spatial representation for the Docuverse, exploring the use of time lapse representations of the
Docuverse, looking at perspective representations of 2D and 3D trees to depict more information in the
Webview, exploring the limits of data overloading in the Webview for expert and novice users, using Mural to
render implicit structure as well as explicit structure.
References
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information access. Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '95 Conference Proceedings, Denver, CO, May
7-11, 1995, 59-66.
[Morse etl. 1996] Morse, E.L., Willms, S., Pollak, W., Meyers, C. and Spring, M.B. (1996). The Impact of
Collaborative Authoring Software on the Standardization Process, SIS Research Reports, LIS061/IS96002,
Department of Information Science and Telecommunications, University of Pittsburgh.
[Olsen et al. 1993] Olsen, K.A., Korfhage, R.R., Sochats, K.M., Spring, M.B., and Williams, J.G. (1993).
Visualization of a Document Collection with Implicit and Explicit Links: The VIBE System. Scandinavian
Journal of Information Systems, 5:79-95.
[Shneiderman 1991] Shneiderman, B. (1991). Treemaps: a space-filling approach to the visualization of
hierarchical information structures, In Proceedings of the 2nd International IEEE Visualization Conference, San
Diego, October 1991, 284-291.
[Spring & Jennings 1993] Spring, M.B. and Jennings, M.C. (1993). Virtual Reality and Abstract Data:
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